Psychology Essays | Free Essays on Psychology

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Do extracurricular programs reduce the stress of students

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,251 Words)

Life as a student is resplendent with assignments, essays and study. Not to mention all the extracurricular activities that has to be done. Of course, as a student, a common problem that can't be avoided is feeling stress. In the beginning of this paper, it will discuss and explain about stress and source of stress. Studies and statistical evidence are given to proof that students around the ...

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Qualitative and quantative research is to analyze and interpret data

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,505 Words)

Qualitative and quantitative research designs are used to collect, analyze and interpret data so that more meaningful information is obtained. Qualitative research attempts to establish a largely narrative, and holistic description to enable the researcher understand about a given cultural or social phenomenon. A qualitative research is conducted within natural settings with the use of interviews, documents reviews, and observations which can be used at the same ...

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Peoples Formation Of Impressions Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,188 Words)

This experiment studied how group membership In-group vs Out-group and Order effects Order A vs Order B - Asch affected peoples formation of impressions. 151 Kingston University Second Year Psychology Undergraduate Students were randomly allocated to one of the four experimental conditions where they completed a response sheet answering two endorsement questions. Participants either viewed a presentation on describing characteristics associated with a mechanic or psychology student ...

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Stress Research Within Sport Psychology Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

20 Pages (7,624 Words)

Although a number of studies and research have been carried out to determine the effects of stress and anxiety on athletes in various sports in general, the impact of these on individuals associated with surfing remains an unexplored area. However, a lot of existing material that applies to general sports can also be applied to surfing and surfers in particular. When individuals as sportspersons encounter stressful situations, ...

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The Reality Series Survivor Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,473 Words)

This term paper consists of two sections. The first section provides three diagnostic summaries in accordance to three participants in the reality series Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains. The diagnoses include hypotheses of mood disorders and Cluster B personalities which can not be confirmed without further evaluation and assessment of the studies. The second part discusses why Americans are fascinated by reality television and its potential dangers to ...

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Drugs And Alcohol Cognitive Behavioural Approach Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,079 Words)

CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) is one of those practical treatments used in the domain of substance misuse which can be called psychosocial interventions. This kind of intervention, regarding as a kind of psychotherapy because of the vast usage of talking therapy, concerns to solve mental problems which can turn a normal person to an alcohol or drugs victim. The main problems here can be emotional, behavioral and ...

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Psychoanalytic Critical Perspectives On Fairy Tales Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,952 Words)

Fairy tales have continued to be narrated and passed from on generation to another of almost if not all communities of the world. They are short narratives that in all aspects resemble folkloric characters. The similarities can be felt on goblins, trolls, fairies, elves, dwarves and giants that are usually enchantments (Biechonski, 2010). But differences can be seen from other types of folk narratives like precise moral ...

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Methodological Critique

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,062 Words)

Organizational Memory Studies: A Methodological Critique The literature on organizational memory has grown steadily since Walsh and Ungson's (1991) systematic exposition of the concept. This review concentrates on a limited range of articles following Walsh and Ungson from the major journals in management and organization theory that focus on organizational memory (Anand, Manz, and Glick, 1998; Cohen and Bacdayan, 1994; Kyriakopoulos and de Ruyter, 2004; Moorman and ...

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An Infants Innate Proximity Seeking Behaviour Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,400 Words)

Bowlby's classical attachment theory (1969/ 1982, 1973) is an ethological theory emphasising the regulatory functions of an infant's innate proximity-seeking behaviours directed towards their primary caregiver. Fundamentally, it classifies the infant-caregiver relationship as the foundation of an infant's future social development and further ability to form relationships. Bowlby believed that a child's attachment with its caregiver governs the development of internal working models (or mental representations) which ...

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Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,678 Words)

Categorically, TF-CBT helps children recover from post-traumatic stress associated from sexual assault or any form of sexual abuse that could have affected the mental thinking of the child. However, other people playing guidance roles to the affected children can also adopt the use of TF-CBT in alleviating the traumatic situations of the sexually assaulted child (Cohen et al., 2004). Essentially, the paper seeks to shed more light ...

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Effect of Chewing Gum on Working Memory Performance

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,879 Words)

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of chewing gum on working memory performance. A total of sixty subjects were divided two groups of thirty, namely the gum-chewing group and the no-gum group. They were required to read an article of 473 words within a time limit of 4 minutes. After that, they were asked to complete a memory quiz consisting of fifteen questions relating to ...

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Childhood sexual abuse and effects on marital functioning

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,341 Words)

Childhood sexual abuse victimization has detrimental effects on a woman's intimate relationships. Adult survivors of child sexual abuse may show difficulties in interpersonal relationships, including avoidance or fear of intimacy, showing low emotional engagement with partners and a pattern of withdrawing from couple interaction during times of high emotion. Adult survivors also may have trouble with trust and may have a poor sense of boundaries and have ...

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The five approaches to understanding human behaviour

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,993 Words)

This approach tries to explain how the brain works and how changes in structure and function can affect some ones behaviour. The first factor is Neuroanatomy which studies the brain's anatomy and neural structures. Evidence by Raine et al (1997) included a study of 41 murderers and compared them with 41 control subjects by PET scans; this showed a lack of activity in the prefrontal cortex of ...

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A Hierarchical Regression Analysis Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,636 Words)

This study was conducted to determine what the predictors of Body Mass Index are. There were two research questions of this study. First research question was How well the type of chocolate and frequency of chocolate consumption predict body mass index, after controlling for gender physical activity? Second research question was "How well do fat percentage and cacao percentage in chocolate explain body mass index, after controlling ...

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Is persons personality based on heredity or environment

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,201 Words)

Personality is a set of characteristics or traits that reflect in one's cognitive, affective and behavioural states. Personality may be based on many factors. It may be based on innate or learned experience, or latent or manifest. But, the focus of this essay will be whether a person's personality is based on the magnitude of genetic or an environmental influence. Personality can be divided into two categories, ...

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Psychological Factors of Obesity

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,955 Words)

Obesity is the most prevalent, preventable health problem in the United States and the world. Obesity has been called the main public problem in the United States and it has been with us for centuries. The effects of obesity are complex and farther reaching than many people are aware of. The effects of obesity are not only limited to the appearance but also, the mind of the ...

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Psychology Essays - Developmental Psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,780 Words)

Psychosynthesis Essay - Ego Development and the Self Write a paper showing your understanding of the basics of developmental psychology from a psycho-spiritual point of view. When considering developmental psychology many questions come to mind when trying to explain human development. Maturity can form many guises - in the form of physical, social, psychological and cognitive changes within the individual. Are these developments independent of one another ...

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Journal of psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,262 Words)

We only use 10% of our brains...It is better to express anger than hold it on...These are some of the common myths of "pop psychology". Such claims are embedded into the daily media, popular television shows, self-help books, magazines and on the internet. Go into any bookshop and there are shelves of self-help, relationship and addiction books, aimed at the vulnerable. Although many of these self-help books ...

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Skinners ideas on Reinforcement, Behaviorism and Consciousness

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,869 Words)

ReinforcementÂ is a term inÂ operant conditioningÂ andÂ behavior analysisÂ for the process of increasing theÂ rateÂ or probability of aÂ behaviorÂ (e.g. pulling a lever more frequently) by the delivery or emergence of aÂ stimulusÂ (e.g. a candy) immediately or shortly after the behavior, called a "response," is performed. TheÂ response strengthÂ is assessed by measuring frequency, duration, latency, accuracy, and/or persistence of the response after reinforcement stops. he mind is of physical origin, created out of your brain ...

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Why is perception an important aspect of survival

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,024 Words)

Perception is important because it keeps us connected to the world. Perception helps to keep us alive. We are able to sense danger by a constant key mediator between stimulus and response. The knowledge gained from perception is equally as important as any of the other senses, if not more important. Perception allows us to see danger from a far, helps us discriminate and identify objects we ...

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Workplace stress

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

2 Pages (682 Words)

Synopsis This report investigates workplace stress and the affects it can have on business. The report focuses on what can be done to reduce and prevent stress in the workplace. It will look at the following: * What is stress * Main causes of workplace stress * Methods to deal with workplace stress * Preventing stress in the workplace The report concluded by looking at a ...

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Case study: Psychic determinism

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,816 Words)

Psychic determinism states that all processes occurring in mind are not necessarily spontaneous and as random as they seem, but are actually determined by unconscious composites (Sauer, Spring 2011, Weeks 1-2). 2. Resistance Resistance is a psychic force created by unconscious desires, needs, or impulses. This resistance prevents the discussion of possibly clinically relevant information into consciousness (Sauer, Spring 2011, Weeks 1-2). 3. Transference Transference is when a patient ...

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Teachers are the pillars of the society

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

16 Pages (6,011 Words)

Dissatisfaction among workers is undesirable and dangerous in any profession; it is suicidal if it occurs in teaching profession. If factors responsible for dissatisfaction can be differentiated, attempts can be made either to change those conditions or to reduce their intensity so as to increase the holding power of the profession. This study attempts to find out which facet or dimension affects the job satisfaction of university ...

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The relationship between double dissociations and cognitive processes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,027 Words)

A relationship implies the way things interconnect and includes ways these groups regard and behave towards one another. Double Dissociations (DDs), modularity and connectionist modeling (CM) will be introduced. Discussions about their strengths and weaknesses, how advances in technology have added value to existing data and possible theoretical models will follow. Research community opinions will be explored as these factors impact the extent to which these processes ...

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The link between stress and illness

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,392 Words)

There are many causes of stress, from major life events such as divorce or the death of someone close, to small annoyances or hassles such as losing something or being stuck in traffic. These events or stimuli are called stressors. They produce the stress-response. Any event which is physically or mentally demanding can be classed as a stressor as it triggers the stress response and throws the ...

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Myers Briggs Type Indicator Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,246 Words)

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a personality test based on Carl Jungs psychological theory. It is widely used in companies for team building, as well as for marriage counselling. This paper looks at how accurately the MBTI test can predict the group dynamics of a student household. Nine students sharing the same household took the test. The results show an accurate prediction of the student's attitudes (Introversion/Extraversion), ...

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Evidence that mental representation is based on imagery

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,503 Words)

Psychologists have been interested in the processes that go on in the mind. Mental representation is studied as an important part of cognitive psychology. Generally, mental representation is attempted to answer what is stored in the mind by describing the form that knowledge of the world is represented in the mind (Pylyshyn, 1973). There are two basic forms of mental representations that are the symbolic representations and ...

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Group counseling and therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,056 Words)

Group counseling and therapy involves a group of about ten people meeting on weekly basis together with a trained counselor or therapist so as to discuss and open-up to the problems and struggles they may be facing. There are group sessions which discuss a whole range of problems while other groups target specific problems. Group counseling is effective as people are given an opportunity to interact freely ...

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Is intelligence best described as a single entity

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,283 Words)

Intelligence is somewhat impossible to be describes or defined as a single entity. There are many factors that can trigger a type intelligence. Practical intelligence is somewhat people would consider common sense. Intelligence is the ability to adapt and shape in everyday environments. Some psychologists would argue that intelligence is a notion of a single entity, sometimes called "G" meaning general factor (Brand 96) and (Jensen 98). ...

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Why is psychology considered to be a science?

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

2 Pages (423 Words)

History The word "psychology" comes from the Greek words "psyche, meaning "soul" and "logos" meaning "study. Psychology is known as the study of the mind. In the modern language the suffix "ology" is referred to a "science".Before psychology was established as a science, it was associated with extra sensory perception (ESP) and other paranormal phenomena (beyond the laws of science.Hence, psychology studies human behavior in a scientific ...

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Study On The Emotional Disturbances In Children

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,393 Words)

Childhood is a happy time for most children. Full of good friends, happy families, and exciting experiences. However, some children do not experience such a childhood. Their childhoods were filled with turmoil and feeling like they did not belong. Emotional disturbance in children is a very serious matter that parents, caregivers, and educators should not take lightly. Understanding what emotional disturbance is and how we can identify ...

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Ability To Efficiently Process Local Stimuli Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,705 Words)

This study is a replication of Navons third experiment in his 1977 paper Forest Before Trees. Participants are shown a large letter the global stimulus made up of smaller letters the local stimuli. The small and large letters are either consistent or contradictory. Participants were asked to identify the local stimuli. The aim was to determine whether global stimuli affected the reaction time of identifying local stimuli ...

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Personal space and the Impact of Eye Contact

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,522 Words)

Everyone needs their own personal space. Different people, different cultures, different gender maintains different standards of personal space, some will be more but some will not. Personal space reflects our ways of thinking and feelings. People who are interested in personal space will be discover that the comfortable personal distance will need different amount of spaces; it is also depends on the social situation, gender, and individual ...

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The Parental Warmth And Parental Control Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

16 Pages (6,248 Words)

Two broad and universal dimensions of parenting practices have been recognized as critical components of the parenting practices from the past two decades namely parental warmth and parental control (Suchman, Rounsaville, DeCoste & Luthar, 2007). These parenting practices have direct effect on child development outcomes (Darling and Steinberg, 1993). Based on Lian and Yusooff (2006) study among 400 Malaysian adolescents indicated that warmth and supportive family encourages ...

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The Influences Of Anxiety Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,558 Words)

Anxiety (also called angst or worry) is a nervous or afraid feeling which almost people used to experience (Grouch n.d.). Anxiety also is considered as uncomfortable sensation happening because of stress's long period (Smeltzer and Bare 2000). According to a study performed in Britain, over 800,000 Britons have to "live in fear" and suffer from anxiety now in comparison with that of in 1993 and make the ...

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The effects of leading questions on memory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,156 Words)

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of leading questions on memory. This was done by showing a photograph of a car accident towards two treatment groups, and then make the participants answer a questionnaire(s). The difference between the questionnaires were the verbs used (IV; "crash" and "contacted"). The answer was regarding the speed estimation (IV) of the cars when the accident occured. This ...

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The Triad Of Impairments In Asd Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,122 Words)

Having aspirations to become an educational psychologist, I have always held a strong interest in clinical conditions such as Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and how they can affect a person's behaviours. This interest has been further fuelled by my nephew having been recently diagnosed with high functioning ASD. Whilst I am familiar with the behavioural aspects of this disorder I lack knowledge on the neurological explanations. I ...

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The effect of background noise on free recall

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,073 Words)

The effect of background noise upon free recall of visually presented words was investigated. A total of 60 participants were recruited for this psychological study. The experimental groups were the speech condition (N=20) and the whale sound condition (N=20) whereas the silent condition (N=20) accounted for the control condition. Participants were randomly assigned to each group. The speech, whale sound and silence accounted for the three levels ...

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A Comparison between the works of Piaget and Bruner

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,614 Words)

Jean Piaget was a Swiss biologist who developed an influential model of childhood development he viewed cognitive development in a series of different stages. At each different stage children create a more mature approach on reality. This changes how they view the world and assimilate new information. His argument was that essentially the child was a different cognitive person during each stage of his four developmental stages. ...

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Puerperal Psychosis Causes Risk Factors And Treatment Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,201 Words)

Having a baby can be an exciting time in a womans life however; it is a time of significant bio-psychosocial change which can bring about various difficulties including different psychiatric disorders. The three main mental illnesses that can occur in the postnatal period are mania, depression and schizophrenia which are currently recognised as puerperal psychosis despite previous thoughts that puerperal psychosis was a special mental illness (RCPSYCH, ...

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Schizophrenia: the biological and psychological effect

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,349 Words)

The study of psychosis has been much published within the literature. Investigations into the biological, psychological and clinical aspects of the disorder have been greatly seen. An approach which views schizophrenia as a disturbance of information processing appears promising as a way of linking all of the aspects of the disorder. A review of the research in this area led to the suggestion that the basic disturbance ...

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Various Cause Effects Of Video Games Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,414 Words)

The most successful aspect of video games is that they provide a huge amount of human interaction through imagery and audio, thus encouraging the player to think and act quickly(Wolf, 2001, p15). This aspect makes video games different from any other forms of non-interactive media like television or radio. Video games give clear instructions about actions to be performed to reach particular levels in the game and ...

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Music Piracy Among Undergraduates In Malaysian Universities Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

18 Pages (7,194 Words)

Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction Over recent year, music piracy has become a great issue around the world. In UK (United Kingdom), the major label trade group, BPI (British Phonographic Industry) has suffered £180 million lose in 2008 and £200 million lose in 2009 due to the Internet file-sharing of music. In US (United States), Institute for Policy innovation has done an analysis and concluded that global music ...

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Subliminal Mere Exposure Influence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,106 Words)

It is commonly seen that humans prefer familiarity, whether it be with person, place or object. Many researchers believe that repeated exposure of certain stimuli will generally increase favourable attitudes towards it. This repeated exposure breeds a certain familiarity, subsequently enhancing liking of the stimuli (Zajonc, 1968). This process is the basis behind the mere exposure effect. This effect has also been shown to occur with subliminally ...

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Can A Decision Ever Be Truly Rational Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,193 Words)

Management, Organisation and Society 1 Can a decision ever be truly rational? Â Evaluate this question drawing on the examples and theories given in the lectures. Introduction "There are no decision problems in paradise! Paradise offers a happy, but aimless life. " (Grünig & Kühn, 2009) Everything in the real world is influenced by decisions. Today, individuals, companies, organizations or institutions are all daily confronted with decision problems. ...

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Case study: self esteem

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,606 Words)

The term self-esteem can be defined as the level to which individuals view their worthiness as an individual. The roots of self-esteem are that, the appraisal is first developed from childhood and continues throughout someone's life. If it one has low self-worthiness. If anyone has low self-worth, then it means that these earlier experience is simply overshadowed the individual and have come to represent the total sum ...

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Defining And Understanding Mental Toughness Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,351 Words)

Mental toughness has been described as one of the most used, but least understood terms in applied sport psychology (Jones, Hanton, & Connaughton, 2002). Many athletes, coaches, and sports commentators have associated mental toughness with sporting success (Clough, Earle & Sewell, 2002; Connaughton, Hanton, Jones & Wadey, 2008; Gucciardi, Gordon, & Dimmock, 2008). Yet some authors who claim to be concerned with the study of mental toughness, ...

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A Look At Leadership Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,271 Words)

In a changing corporate world, strong leadership is becoming necessity for their survival Bennis nanus,1985.Complexity and chaos are creating emerging concerns in solving problem in business world, which leads more attention to leadership. This in turn has increased arguments how leadership is different from management. Management focus on responsibities and reaching goals effectively and efficiently which means it is the activities that keeps organization running(Huey,1994).However leadership is ...

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A study into secretive human behavior

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,851 Words)

Secretive is human behavior that has generally negative connation which should not be confused with "Privacy" which generally represents the human trait in which one individual is not ready to share his/her personal information to others. In contrast the secretive behavior is not limited to personal information only. If we look at the relevance of the particular behavior we may find that not only it is associated ...

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Development of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,517 Words)

Approximately five decades ago Aaron T. Beck and Albert Ellis described the concepts that are central to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Since its inception, more than 300 controlled trials supporting its efficacy have been conducted (Sudak, 2006). The vast amount of research conducted exploring the efficacy of cognitive therapy has made it the psychotherapeutic treatment with the most empirical support (Sudak, 2006). Although CBT was originally developed to ...

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Comorbidity is becoming an accepted feature of development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,649 Words)

Comorbidity is the co-occurrence of two different disorders in an individual at the same time. Sometimes multiple diagnoses have to be made to account for all the symptoms. Understanding the origins of comorbidities help us understand the causes of disorders but the underlying causal mechanisms for any developmental disorder are not thoroughly understood. In Frith's three level framework the essential elements in developmental disorders are the biological, ...

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confounding factor or lurking variable

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,117 Words)

Confounding variable, also known as confounding factor or lurking variable can be defined as an undesirable variable that has an influence on the relationship between the variables of an experiment. Although they are not the variable of actual interest (i.e. the independent variable), they can influence the outcome of an experiment and they are considered to be undesirable as they could add error to an experiment. A ...

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Case study: Parkinsons disease

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,950 Words)

Before I describe the physiological basis of Parkinson I would like to give a brief history of Parkinson and the number of people who have it. Parkinson was not formally recognized and its symptoms were not documented until the year 1817 by a British apothecary named James Parkinson. He wrote an Essay on the Shaking Palsy. In this essay he listed six cases that he had seen ...

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A Study On Sleepwalking Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,407 Words)

Broughton (2000) once mentioned that “The term parasomnia refers to a group of acute, episodic, physical phenomena that either occur exclusively during sleep or seem to be exaggerated by sleep” (as cited in Pegram, McBurney, Harding & Makris, 2004, p. 200). The generally more typical encountered NREM sleep parasomnias consist of “sleepwalking”, “sleep terrors, confusional arousal, sleep talking, and bruxism” (Pegram et al., 2004, p.200). Sleepwalking, also ...

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The biological and learning perspectives

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,739 Words)

Aggression remains a substantial problem today. According to Berkowitz (1975) aggression can be defined as any behaviour which is intended to cause harm to another person whether physically or verbally. This investigation is an evaluation of the biological and learning perspectives of psychology accounting for the development of aggression in children. Aggression from the biological perspective is seen as an innate behaviour which is genetically transferred from ...

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Qualitative Study On Teenage Pregnancies Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,106 Words)

Introduction A lot of prior research conveys warning over teenage pregnancy; this is due to ethnically and culturally explicit issues that make the UK dissimilar from other nations in the world. Lisa Arai, a well known psychologist in the field of adolescent pregnancies argues that, ‘cross-national similarity that engages the UK is frequently insufficient, particularly in the light of the overriding literature which highlight's ‘technical/educational explanations' ...

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Comparison of Freudian and Humanistic Personality Theories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,525 Words)

Most people use the term "personality" to explain the most obvious characteristics and social skills of a person. However, psychologists utilize the term "personality" in their attempt to explain the main reasons behind people's motivations and different reactions in specific situations. Psychologists want to figure out why people have different personality as personality is the sum total of all the ways of thinking, feeling and acting that ...

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Three Types Of Counselling Approaches And Intervention Techniques Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,170 Words)

The person-centred approach was developed by the American psychologist Carl Rogers in the 1940-1950's (Rogers 1942, Rogers 1951) and this approach, also known as the client-centered or non-directive approach, continues to be used widely to this day. As the name of the theory implies, within the client-centered approach the counselling process places a heavy emphasis on the client's own ability to resolve their problems. At the time ...

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ontological and epistemological assumptions of the survey method

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,793 Words)

Inquiry paradigms, the basic belief systems or world views of the researcher frame the course of research and its outcomes. According to Guba (1990), paradigms can be characterised through their: ontology (What is reality?), epistemology (How do you know something?) and methodology (How do go about finding out?). Qualitative and quantitative research methods are underpinned by different ontological or epistemological assumptions; these are assumptions that are made ...

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Group & and individual behavior

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,692 Words)

Introduction: Group & an individual behavior has remained one of the favorite topics of psychologists, sociologists & researchers from quite long time. The characteristics of groups are the composites of some characteristics of individuals forming a group and some unique to the group as a whole like soldiers can act with more bravery when in group than alone (Spinks & Wells, 1995). Why we are influenced by ...

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Effective methods of understanding and treating PTSD

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,425 Words)

The treatment related publications of the last twenty years places a large amount of attention on determining the most useful psychological therapy for clients with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. The overall aim of this paper is to critically evaluate current cognitive models of PTSD and literature on the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapies to treat this disorder based on these models. Definitions of PTSD ...

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Emotional Intelligence Ei And Burnout Among Nurses Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,442 Words)

This study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence and burnout among nurses working in private hospitals in Malaysia. Theoretical literatures related to this relationship are presented in the first part of this chapter. The existing literatures on the topics were examined and key pieces were brought together to establish a foundation for this study. While for the second part of this chapter, it discusses about the theoretical ...

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The effects of positive illusions on relationship quality

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,640 Words)

A general presumption in the study of interpersonal relationships is that closeness is a significant, desired, and necessary characteristic of relationship satisfaction (Berscheid, Snyder, & Omoto, 1989). According to Berscheid et al. (1989) partners' physical proximity is a requirement for closeness and relationship satisfaction. However there is mixed evidence regarding reported levels of satisfaction in relationships where partners are physically separate (i.e. long distance romantic relationships, LDRRs). ...

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Response To Conflict And Team Effectiveness And Functioning Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,787 Words)

Introduction Conflict is considered as the most personal and expensive problem in workplace. It affects team work at various levels, both positive and negative (De Dreu, Harinck, Van Vianen, 1999). However, it is inevitable in every workplace. It is a side effect of the employee participation, collaboration, and problem solving that high-performing organizations expect and accept (Cloke, Goldsmith, 2000). Conflict has been associated with greater innovation and ...

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Introduction Of Social Psychology Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,157 Words)

An individual cannot survive without the social relationships in the world. Social need is one of the basic needs of individual to live the life. In this paper the major area of concern are the study of social psychology and its major areas of influence in order to evaluate the effect of the study on generating various propositions about the social behaviors and to study the cause ...

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Appeals In Charity Advertisements Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,022 Words)

In our daily lives, we are often exposed to charity campaigns that attempt to persuade us to donate to people in need. We believe, intuitively, that most donation campaigns are focused on making people feel sympathetic by highlighting who the beneficiaries are and what benefits are to be given to them. However, would such a strategy work all the time? Imagine that you are standing before a ...

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Associations Between Sleep And Memory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,315 Words)

Declarative memories are also partially accessed during sleep. The latent part of a dream has parts of recent events and/or knowledge. Declarative memories transform due to processing during sleep. There are many possible connections between EEG theta activity during sleep and memory consolidation. It is now clear that this essay will emphasize the relationship among sleep, emotional regulation, and psychiatric mood disorders. Explicit memory is one that ...

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How much information can short term memory hold

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

16 Pages (6,112 Words)

Encoding involves changing the information presented into a different form. Since words or other items in the short term store are rehearsed or repeated, we might assume that they are encoded in terms of their sound (acoustic coding). In contrast, the information we have stored in the long term memory nearly always seems to be stored in terms of its meaning (semantic coding). Encoding takes many different ...

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Music Therapy And Personality Theory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,236 Words)

"Personality theory is focused on the thoughts, feelings and behaviour of human beings, including their interactions with their social environment" (Funder, 1994). From this comment it could be suggested that personality is made up of the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviours that make a person unique. In addition to this, Piedmont supports that personality come up from inside the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout ...

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Impact Of Bullying And Depression Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

28 Pages (10,806 Words)

Bullying may be defined as the activity of repeated, aggressive behavior intended to hurt another person, physically or mentally. Bullying is characterized by an individual behaving in a certain way to gain power over another person (Besag, 1989).The word "bully" was first used in the 1530s meaning "sweetheart", the verb "to bully" is first attested in 1710. In literary work bullying was used by Charles Dickens and ...

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Link between smoking and eysencks personality dimensions

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,940 Words)

The investigation sets out to discover whether or not personality types such as extroversion-introversion, introduced by that of Carl Jung, play any role in individuals taking up smoking. Looking at which out of the two personality dimension are more prone to nicotine consumption and if either of the personality dimensions have a link to impulsiveness, in the context of smoking. The way this will be investigated is ...

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Child Obesity Is A Modern Global Epidemic Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,892 Words)

Child obesity is a modern global epidemic. A multitude of factors that shape the obesogenic environment make children susceptible to obesity; parental misperception may be one of them (Doolen, Alpert & MIller, 2008). Its prevention and treatment with particular focus on overweight and obesity affecting toddler and pre-school age children are urgent priority concerns for public health specialists (Bambra et al, 2012). In Scotland about 25% of ...

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Ghost In The Nursery And Compulsion To Repeat Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,917 Words)

In this essay I will be referring to Sigmund Freud, Anna Freud and Selma Fraiberg to explain how psychoanalytic theory views the ghost in the nursery and the compulsion to repeat, and John Bowlby, Mary Ainsworth and Peter Fonagy to account for these concepts on behalf of the attachment theory. This essay is organized as follows. First, I define the main concepts in question and relate these ...

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Process Of Perception And The Organisational Manager Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,256 Words)

It is very important to understand the process of perception before we critically evaluate its benefits, it might provide to an organisational manager. According to Stephen P. Robbins, "Perception can be defined as a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. Perception is the manner in which a person understands someone or something. It is essentially ...

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The Relationship Between Maternal Filicide Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,266 Words)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and identify the common factors that influence maternal filicide, and its relationship to mental/psychological disorders within the perpetrators. Filicide has been defined as the intentional act of a parent/guardian killing her or his own child (Putkonen, Amon, Almiron, Cederwall, Eronen, Klier, Kjelsberg, Weizmann-Henelius, 2009). There are two subcategories that branch from filicide which include infanticide and neonaticide. Infanticide is ...

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Literature Related To Self Esteem Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,924 Words)

Brown conducted a longitudinal study over 5 years to examine the changes in self-esteem and feelings of competence with physical appearance and social acceptance. The participants included were 1166 white and 1213 black girls, aged 9 and 10 years at baseline. The assessments of maturation stage and body mass index were done annually and Harter's Self-Perception Profile for children was done biennially. The report concluded that black ...

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Impact of Emotions on an Employees Job Performance

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,732 Words)

Emotions are pure human psychological phenomena. Employee is critically affected by their behaviors in the workplace. An employee's emotions and overall temperament have a significant impact on his job performance, decision making skills, team sprit, and leadership and turnover .What employee's feel and how they express their emotions affects their performance. Emotions directly influence on decision making, creativity and interpersonal relations. This research study analyzes the effects ...

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The Middle Adulthood Years Observation Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,121 Words)

Middle adulthood is the time period from 35 years of age until 64 years of age. It is the midpoint of a person's life. Many people have achieved happiness at this point in their lives, but there are some who feel like they are that much closer to death without accomplishing anything. Just like any other point in life this time period brings about many changes and ...

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The Five Elements Of Emotional Intelligence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,451 Words)

Emotional intelligence is the area of cognitive ability involving traits and social skills that facilitate interpersonal behaviour. Intelligence can be broadly defined as the capacity for goal-oriented adaptive behaviour; emotional intelligence focuses on the aspects of intelligence that govern self-knowledge and social adaptation (Rouse, M. 2010, online) In this essay I will be exploring emotional intelligence. I hope to gain an understanding of the five elements of ...

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Logical Division Of Ideas Fear Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,304 Words)

Agoraphobia is the condition in which anxiousness is felt by an individual when one is running from problems which may humiliate them. The sufferer of agoraphobia might experience fear in a crowded place, while home alone, on a public transportation, etc. Therefore they try to avoid crowded place and rarely socialize with people. They feel embarrassed - talking, communicating, and it is really difficult for them to ...

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Overall family structure

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,612 Words)

Abstract: This paper introduces Helen, Julie, and Garry a family subset from the movie, The Parenthood and provides a description of their overall family structure also seen in the form of a genogram. The paper also includes a literature review of both Behavioral Family Therapy (BFT), and Solution-Focused Family Therapy (SFT) with the author settling on SFT as the preferred method for eliciting change from a systems ...

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Understanding The Personality Of Athletes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,710 Words)

By 1992, more than 1,000 articles had been published on aspects of sport personality (Ruffer, 1976; Vealey, 1989, 2002). This voluminous research demonstrates how important researches and practitioners consider the role of personality to be in sports. With that in mind, this research attempted to determine if there is a relationship between types of personalities and sports preferences. Athletes from different sports and non-athletes will play a ...

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Impact Of Stress On Students Academic Performance Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,028 Words)

The purpose of this report is to provide a discussion on stress and how it can possibly hinder students from doing the best that they can with regards to their educational journey. The literature is supportive of the fact that stress places demands on an individual, and in response to the stress, the body attempts to adapt to the stressful experience to maintain a sense of normalcy ...

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Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent FMRI Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,068 Words)

Functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) is the most widely used and powerful method of understanding the brain function and mapping neuroanatomy of the human brain. The most basic fMRI technique is blood oxygen level dependent (BLOD-fMRI). Paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in venous blood is a natural contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Basic principles and methodological applications of BOLD-MRI as an introduction are presented in this article, and the ...

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A Boy Called It Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,546 Words)

Some researchers have suggested that human beings are born with no concept of their own identity - they are Ã¢â‚¬Â¦born with a blank slate for identity. Vignoles also suggests that whilst this may be true for the cognitive aspect of Identity, it is not true for the social aspect of identity; a child is born into a world where social relationships and groups have already been established ...

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Relevance of mindfulness to developing interpersonal skills

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,682 Words)

Mindfulness as a psychological concept can be conceptualised as a present centred, non elaborative and non judgemental awareness in which all of the individual's sensations, feelings and thoughts that are present in their field of attention is taken account of and accepted (Bishop et al, 2004). Hargie (2006) states that behaviour that an individual pursues consciously can be said to be mindful, while automatic behaviour must be ...

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Stress in the context of birth order

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,960 Words)

This paper reviews literature reflecting on birth order as a determinant of personality characteristics and their role in response to stress. There is agreement that birth order dynamics alone cannot explain an individual's response to stressful situations. In order to gauge the full effect of birth order dynamics the role and interplay between various variables must be fully considered. Birth order dynamics and its effect on stress ...

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Brain Mechanism And Artificial Intelligence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,554 Words)

Artificial Intelligence is the art of programming computers in order to produce intelligent behavior, whereas brain theory is the study of the brains function, to understand how the brain functions, the stimulations that go within and how outputs are produced via mathematical modeling and computer stimulation. It can be argued that both contain similar characteristics for functionality, both works together, this can be seen through artificial intelligence ...

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Depression In Relationship To Bullying Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,882 Words)

The purpose of this research paper is to examine qualitatively the correlation between depression and suicide in relationship to bullying. Significant research has been conducted using surveys, questionnaires, interviews, and quantitative data has been supplied to explore this recent phenomenon among today's children and adolescents. The results of this data indicate there may be a distinct correlation between bullying and cases of suicide. Introduction The affects of ...

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Cronbachs Alpha Reliability Analysis Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,721 Words)

Scale measurement is an important element in survey. The survey in this study involved 3 sections, which are section A, section B and section C. Nominal scale was used in survey section A, and ordinal scale was used in survey section B and C. Nominal scale is scale that labels the items rather than scales it (Howell, 2009). It includes male or female and yes or no. ...

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Describe the physical and psychological aspects of hypnosis

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,090 Words)

In order to get a clear understanding of what hypnosis is we will first look at the history of hypnosis and the different concepts which have emerged over the years from as early as the 1700's to modern day. We will start from the grandfather of hypnosis, Franz Anton Mesmer (1766) continuing onto others such as Abbe Faria (1814), Freud (1873). Once having looked at the history ...

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Review of early adult romantic relationships

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,328 Words)

This essay critically reviews the topic of "early adult romantic relationships", with a particular focus on "Personality, Family History and Competence in Early Adult Romantic Relationships", by Donnellan, Larsen-Rife, & Conger (2005), as an example of the type of methodology used in this field, outlining the research and its contribution to the topic. The following essay will provide a brief background and context information pertaining to the ...

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Relationship between extraversion and neuroticism and bullying

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,542 Words)

My aim for this current study was to investigate whether there was a relationship between extraversion and neuroticism and bullying. In my opinion I think someone who has an extraversion and neuroticism personality that gets bullied will have an opposite side at the end of it. These are the two hypotheses for thisÂ report, if there will be a relationship between extraversion scores and self reportedÂ frequency of bullying ...

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The Theories Of Structuralism And Functionalism Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,406 Words)

This research paper will explain both theories of structuralism and functionalism by using the dualist prospective to explain the interactional pattern between both these theories with the mind and body. Furthermore there will be an explanation of how both structuralism and functionalism have impacted the practice of psychology in these modern times. Then there will be an explanation about how both these theories are needed to describe ...

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Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Autism Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,054 Words)

At the age of 8, 1 in 88 children are estimated to be affected by autism, it is also estimated that the likelihood of boys being affected is 1 in 54. Autism is quickly on the rise. In 2006 it was estimated that 1 in 110 children were affected by autism, in 2004 1 in 125 were affected by autism and in 2002 1 in 150 were ...

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Teenage Drug Addiction Problem And Solution Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,836 Words)

Is your teenager using drugs? Is he or she addicted to them? One will learn how to be aware and identify if his or her teenager is using drugs. You as a parent can prevent your child from doing drugs. It is a dangerously manner. Every parent should be the first ones to try and eradicate drugs. You and your teenager should learn the short-term and long-term ...

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The Effects Of Music On Memory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,213 Words)

Memory is the power of a persons mind to remember things where it is a mental activity that involves receiving, storing and recalling information. The microscopic chemical changes which occur at the joining points between neurons in the brain are where the memories are stored. The activity of the neurons in the brain, when the information flows through, affects the strength of the response. The strength of ...

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The Difference between Gender and Age in Drawing

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,994 Words)

This study examined the relationship between children's drawing abilities, development and age. 63 young children were approached to draw a picture at a local school; the final sample consisted of 28 females and 14 males. Mean age for the sample was 6.81. It has been assumed that as children get older their ability to draw develops however there are factors that can limit some children's development. The ...

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Effects of donepezil in healthy young adults

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,640 Words)

Rationale: The cholinergic system is involved in the modulation of both bottom-up and top-down attentional control. Top-down attention engages multiple executive control processes, but few studies have investigated whether all or selective elements of executive functions are modulated by the cholinergic system.. Objective: To investigate the acute effects of the pro-cholinergic donepezil in young, healthy volunteers on distinct components of executive functions. Methods: We conducted a double-blind, ...

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Responsible Sexual Health Behavior And The Transtheoretical Model

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,606 Words)

Healthy People 2010, created by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, set goals to improve health behaviors and increase the healthy population by the year 2010. One of those goals is increasing responsible sexual health behavior. Responsible sexual health behaviors include regular condom use, abstinence, and any other methods used to the spread of sexually transmitted infections and prevent unintended pregnancies. Adolescent pregnancies cost the ...

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