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Effective methods of understanding and treating PTSD

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,425 Words)

The treatment related publications of the last twenty years places a large amount of attention on determining the most useful psychological therapy for clients with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. The overall aim of this paper is to critically evaluate current cognitive models of PTSD and literature on the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapies to treat this disorder based on these models. Definitions of PTSD ...

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Emotional Intelligence Ei And Burnout Among Nurses Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,442 Words)

This study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence and burnout among nurses working in private hospitals in Malaysia. Theoretical literatures related to this relationship are presented in the first part of this chapter. The existing literatures on the topics were examined and key pieces were brought together to establish a foundation for this study. While for the second part of this chapter, it discusses about the theoretical ...

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The effects of positive illusions on relationship quality

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,640 Words)

A general presumption in the study of interpersonal relationships is that closeness is a significant, desired, and necessary characteristic of relationship satisfaction (Berscheid, Snyder, & Omoto, 1989). According to Berscheid et al. (1989) partners' physical proximity is a requirement for closeness and relationship satisfaction. However there is mixed evidence regarding reported levels of satisfaction in relationships where partners are physically separate (i.e. long distance romantic relationships, LDRRs). ...

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Response To Conflict And Team Effectiveness And Functioning Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,787 Words)

Introduction Conflict is considered as the most personal and expensive problem in workplace. It affects team work at various levels, both positive and negative (De Dreu, Harinck, Van Vianen, 1999). However, it is inevitable in every workplace. It is a side effect of the employee participation, collaboration, and problem solving that high-performing organizations expect and accept (Cloke, Goldsmith, 2000). Conflict has been associated with greater innovation and ...

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Introduction Of Social Psychology Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,157 Words)

An individual cannot survive without the social relationships in the world. Social need is one of the basic needs of individual to live the life. In this paper the major area of concern are the study of social psychology and its major areas of influence in order to evaluate the effect of the study on generating various propositions about the social behaviors and to study the cause ...

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Appeals In Charity Advertisements Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,022 Words)

In our daily lives, we are often exposed to charity campaigns that attempt to persuade us to donate to people in need. We believe, intuitively, that most donation campaigns are focused on making people feel sympathetic by highlighting who the beneficiaries are and what benefits are to be given to them. However, would such a strategy work all the time? Imagine that you are standing before a ...

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Associations Between Sleep And Memory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,315 Words)

Declarative memories are also partially accessed during sleep. The latent part of a dream has parts of recent events and/or knowledge. Declarative memories transform due to processing during sleep. There are many possible connections between EEG theta activity during sleep and memory consolidation. It is now clear that this essay will emphasize the relationship among sleep, emotional regulation, and psychiatric mood disorders. Explicit memory is one that ...

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How much information can short term memory hold

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

16 Pages (6,112 Words)

Encoding involves changing the information presented into a different form. Since words or other items in the short term store are rehearsed or repeated, we might assume that they are encoded in terms of their sound (acoustic coding). In contrast, the information we have stored in the long term memory nearly always seems to be stored in terms of its meaning (semantic coding). Encoding takes many different ...

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Music Therapy And Personality Theory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,236 Words)

"Personality theory is focused on the thoughts, feelings and behaviour of human beings, including their interactions with their social environment" (Funder, 1994). From this comment it could be suggested that personality is made up of the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviours that make a person unique. In addition to this, Piedmont supports that personality come up from inside the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout ...

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Impact Of Bullying And Depression Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

28 Pages (10,806 Words)

Bullying may be defined as the activity of repeated, aggressive behavior intended to hurt another person, physically or mentally. Bullying is characterized by an individual behaving in a certain way to gain power over another person (Besag, 1989).The word "bully" was first used in the 1530s meaning "sweetheart", the verb "to bully" is first attested in 1710. In literary work bullying was used by Charles Dickens and ...

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Link between smoking and eysencks personality dimensions

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,940 Words)

The investigation sets out to discover whether or not personality types such as extroversion-introversion, introduced by that of Carl Jung, play any role in individuals taking up smoking. Looking at which out of the two personality dimension are more prone to nicotine consumption and if either of the personality dimensions have a link to impulsiveness, in the context of smoking. The way this will be investigated is ...

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Child Obesity Is A Modern Global Epidemic Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,892 Words)

Child obesity is a modern global epidemic. A multitude of factors that shape the obesogenic environment make children susceptible to obesity; parental misperception may be one of them (Doolen, Alpert & MIller, 2008). Its prevention and treatment with particular focus on overweight and obesity affecting toddler and pre-school age children are urgent priority concerns for public health specialists (Bambra et al, 2012). In Scotland about 25% of ...

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Ghost In The Nursery And Compulsion To Repeat Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,917 Words)

In this essay I will be referring to Sigmund Freud, Anna Freud and Selma Fraiberg to explain how psychoanalytic theory views the ghost in the nursery and the compulsion to repeat, and John Bowlby, Mary Ainsworth and Peter Fonagy to account for these concepts on behalf of the attachment theory. This essay is organized as follows. First, I define the main concepts in question and relate these ...

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Process Of Perception And The Organisational Manager Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,256 Words)

It is very important to understand the process of perception before we critically evaluate its benefits, it might provide to an organisational manager. According to Stephen P. Robbins, "Perception can be defined as a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. Perception is the manner in which a person understands someone or something. It is essentially ...

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The Relationship Between Maternal Filicide Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,266 Words)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and identify the common factors that influence maternal filicide, and its relationship to mental/psychological disorders within the perpetrators. Filicide has been defined as the intentional act of a parent/guardian killing her or his own child (Putkonen, Amon, Almiron, Cederwall, Eronen, Klier, Kjelsberg, Weizmann-Henelius, 2009). There are two subcategories that branch from filicide which include infanticide and neonaticide. Infanticide is ...

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Literature Related To Self Esteem Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,924 Words)

Brown conducted a longitudinal study over 5 years to examine the changes in self-esteem and feelings of competence with physical appearance and social acceptance. The participants included were 1166 white and 1213 black girls, aged 9 and 10 years at baseline. The assessments of maturation stage and body mass index were done annually and Harter's Self-Perception Profile for children was done biennially. The report concluded that black ...

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Impact of Emotions on an Employees Job Performance

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,732 Words)

Emotions are pure human psychological phenomena. Employee is critically affected by their behaviors in the workplace. An employee's emotions and overall temperament have a significant impact on his job performance, decision making skills, team sprit, and leadership and turnover .What employee's feel and how they express their emotions affects their performance. Emotions directly influence on decision making, creativity and interpersonal relations. This research study analyzes the effects ...

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The Middle Adulthood Years Observation Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,121 Words)

Middle adulthood is the time period from 35 years of age until 64 years of age. It is the midpoint of a person's life. Many people have achieved happiness at this point in their lives, but there are some who feel like they are that much closer to death without accomplishing anything. Just like any other point in life this time period brings about many changes and ...

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The Five Elements Of Emotional Intelligence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,451 Words)

Emotional intelligence is the area of cognitive ability involving traits and social skills that facilitate interpersonal behaviour. Intelligence can be broadly defined as the capacity for goal-oriented adaptive behaviour; emotional intelligence focuses on the aspects of intelligence that govern self-knowledge and social adaptation (Rouse, M. 2010, online) In this essay I will be exploring emotional intelligence. I hope to gain an understanding of the five elements of ...

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Logical Division Of Ideas Fear Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,304 Words)

Agoraphobia is the condition in which anxiousness is felt by an individual when one is running from problems which may humiliate them. The sufferer of agoraphobia might experience fear in a crowded place, while home alone, on a public transportation, etc. Therefore they try to avoid crowded place and rarely socialize with people. They feel embarrassed - talking, communicating, and it is really difficult for them to ...

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Overall family structure

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,612 Words)

Abstract: This paper introduces Helen, Julie, and Garry a family subset from the movie, The Parenthood and provides a description of their overall family structure also seen in the form of a genogram. The paper also includes a literature review of both Behavioral Family Therapy (BFT), and Solution-Focused Family Therapy (SFT) with the author settling on SFT as the preferred method for eliciting change from a systems ...

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Understanding The Personality Of Athletes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,710 Words)

By 1992, more than 1,000 articles had been published on aspects of sport personality (Ruffer, 1976; Vealey, 1989, 2002). This voluminous research demonstrates how important researches and practitioners consider the role of personality to be in sports. With that in mind, this research attempted to determine if there is a relationship between types of personalities and sports preferences. Athletes from different sports and non-athletes will play a ...

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Impact Of Stress On Students Academic Performance Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,028 Words)

The purpose of this report is to provide a discussion on stress and how it can possibly hinder students from doing the best that they can with regards to their educational journey. The literature is supportive of the fact that stress places demands on an individual, and in response to the stress, the body attempts to adapt to the stressful experience to maintain a sense of normalcy ...

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Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent FMRI Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,068 Words)

Functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) is the most widely used and powerful method of understanding the brain function and mapping neuroanatomy of the human brain. The most basic fMRI technique is blood oxygen level dependent (BLOD-fMRI). Paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in venous blood is a natural contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Basic principles and methodological applications of BOLD-MRI as an introduction are presented in this article, and the ...

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A Boy Called It Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,546 Words)

Some researchers have suggested that human beings are born with no concept of their own identity - they are Ã¢â‚¬Â¦born with a blank slate for identity. Vignoles also suggests that whilst this may be true for the cognitive aspect of Identity, it is not true for the social aspect of identity; a child is born into a world where social relationships and groups have already been established ...

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Relevance of mindfulness to developing interpersonal skills

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,682 Words)

Mindfulness as a psychological concept can be conceptualised as a present centred, non elaborative and non judgemental awareness in which all of the individual's sensations, feelings and thoughts that are present in their field of attention is taken account of and accepted (Bishop et al, 2004). Hargie (2006) states that behaviour that an individual pursues consciously can be said to be mindful, while automatic behaviour must be ...

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Stress in the context of birth order

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,960 Words)

This paper reviews literature reflecting on birth order as a determinant of personality characteristics and their role in response to stress. There is agreement that birth order dynamics alone cannot explain an individual's response to stressful situations. In order to gauge the full effect of birth order dynamics the role and interplay between various variables must be fully considered. Birth order dynamics and its effect on stress ...

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Brain Mechanism And Artificial Intelligence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,554 Words)

Artificial Intelligence is the art of programming computers in order to produce intelligent behavior, whereas brain theory is the study of the brains function, to understand how the brain functions, the stimulations that go within and how outputs are produced via mathematical modeling and computer stimulation. It can be argued that both contain similar characteristics for functionality, both works together, this can be seen through artificial intelligence ...

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Depression In Relationship To Bullying Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,882 Words)

The purpose of this research paper is to examine qualitatively the correlation between depression and suicide in relationship to bullying. Significant research has been conducted using surveys, questionnaires, interviews, and quantitative data has been supplied to explore this recent phenomenon among today's children and adolescents. The results of this data indicate there may be a distinct correlation between bullying and cases of suicide. Introduction The affects of ...

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Cronbachs Alpha Reliability Analysis Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,721 Words)

Scale measurement is an important element in survey. The survey in this study involved 3 sections, which are section A, section B and section C. Nominal scale was used in survey section A, and ordinal scale was used in survey section B and C. Nominal scale is scale that labels the items rather than scales it (Howell, 2009). It includes male or female and yes or no. ...

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Describe the physical and psychological aspects of hypnosis

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,090 Words)

In order to get a clear understanding of what hypnosis is we will first look at the history of hypnosis and the different concepts which have emerged over the years from as early as the 1700's to modern day. We will start from the grandfather of hypnosis, Franz Anton Mesmer (1766) continuing onto others such as Abbe Faria (1814), Freud (1873). Once having looked at the history ...

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Review of early adult romantic relationships

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,328 Words)

This essay critically reviews the topic of "early adult romantic relationships", with a particular focus on "Personality, Family History and Competence in Early Adult Romantic Relationships", by Donnellan, Larsen-Rife, & Conger (2005), as an example of the type of methodology used in this field, outlining the research and its contribution to the topic. The following essay will provide a brief background and context information pertaining to the ...

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Relationship between extraversion and neuroticism and bullying

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,542 Words)

My aim for this current study was to investigate whether there was a relationship between extraversion and neuroticism and bullying. In my opinion I think someone who has an extraversion and neuroticism personality that gets bullied will have an opposite side at the end of it. These are the two hypotheses for thisÂ report, if there will be a relationship between extraversion scores and self reportedÂ frequency of bullying ...

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The Theories Of Structuralism And Functionalism Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,406 Words)

This research paper will explain both theories of structuralism and functionalism by using the dualist prospective to explain the interactional pattern between both these theories with the mind and body. Furthermore there will be an explanation of how both structuralism and functionalism have impacted the practice of psychology in these modern times. Then there will be an explanation about how both these theories are needed to describe ...

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Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Autism Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,054 Words)

At the age of 8, 1 in 88 children are estimated to be affected by autism, it is also estimated that the likelihood of boys being affected is 1 in 54. Autism is quickly on the rise. In 2006 it was estimated that 1 in 110 children were affected by autism, in 2004 1 in 125 were affected by autism and in 2002 1 in 150 were ...

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Teenage Drug Addiction Problem And Solution Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,836 Words)

Is your teenager using drugs? Is he or she addicted to them? One will learn how to be aware and identify if his or her teenager is using drugs. You as a parent can prevent your child from doing drugs. It is a dangerously manner. Every parent should be the first ones to try and eradicate drugs. You and your teenager should learn the short-term and long-term ...

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The Effects Of Music On Memory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,213 Words)

Memory is the power of a persons mind to remember things where it is a mental activity that involves receiving, storing and recalling information. The microscopic chemical changes which occur at the joining points between neurons in the brain are where the memories are stored. The activity of the neurons in the brain, when the information flows through, affects the strength of the response. The strength of ...

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The Difference between Gender and Age in Drawing

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,994 Words)

This study examined the relationship between children's drawing abilities, development and age. 63 young children were approached to draw a picture at a local school; the final sample consisted of 28 females and 14 males. Mean age for the sample was 6.81. It has been assumed that as children get older their ability to draw develops however there are factors that can limit some children's development. The ...

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Effects of donepezil in healthy young adults

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,640 Words)

Rationale: The cholinergic system is involved in the modulation of both bottom-up and top-down attentional control. Top-down attention engages multiple executive control processes, but few studies have investigated whether all or selective elements of executive functions are modulated by the cholinergic system.. Objective: To investigate the acute effects of the pro-cholinergic donepezil in young, healthy volunteers on distinct components of executive functions. Methods: We conducted a double-blind, ...

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Responsible Sexual Health Behavior And The Transtheoretical Model

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,606 Words)

Healthy People 2010, created by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, set goals to improve health behaviors and increase the healthy population by the year 2010. One of those goals is increasing responsible sexual health behavior. Responsible sexual health behaviors include regular condom use, abstinence, and any other methods used to the spread of sexually transmitted infections and prevent unintended pregnancies. Adolescent pregnancies cost the ...

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Infant memory capacity

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,069 Words)

Literature Review The topic of infant memory capacity has been highly debated throughout the course of history. For many years, most individuals believed that infants had almost no capacity for any type of memory. This belief was referred to as "infantile amnesia" and stated that until around the age of toddlerhood, infants were not able to form, and later retrieve, any type of information from this period ...

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Borderline personality disorder is a chronic psychiatric disorder

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,991 Words)

instability of mood and interpersonal relationships, and suicidal behaviour that can complicate medical care" (Canadian Medical Association, 2005). Borderline personality disorder (PBD) is one of the disorders that nurses may encounter frequently. The DSM-IV divides personality disorders into three different clusters depending on their similarity of their symptoms that they may present, BPD falls into cluster B. Cluster B "includes antisocial, histrionic, borderline, and narcissistic personality disorders. ...

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Theories Explaining The Cause Of Dyslexia Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,345 Words)

According to this hypothesis dyslexia is caused due to the impairment of the phonological module which disrupts the ability to sequence the written word into its phonetic constituents[ D. Shankweiler et al,1995]. Reading is a complex process that involves two steps: decoding and comprehension[P.B. Gough,1986]. The process of comprehension requires higher order cognitive abilities like intelligence, vocabulary[D.L. Share,1995] which are left unaffected in dyslexia[Shaywitz SE,2001]. Decoding involves ...

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Video Game Causes Behavioral Problems Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,921 Words)

Firstly, one of the major concerns of video games is that they increase the nature of violence among the youth. The Harvard medical school or the Journal of adolescent health, as well as the British medical journal have concluded that there is a huge link between video game and violence. Researchers have found out that there is a certain pattern between video game and the behavioral problems ...

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Age and Gender Differences in Attitudes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,473 Words)

A survey was carried out among people from two different age categories to determine whether age and gender individually result in different attitudes towards seeking psychological help. The 653 participants each completed a shorter version of the Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale survey. The survey results were later grouped based on gender where there was 319 males and 334 females. The gender groups were again ...

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ADHD in Singapore

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,943 Words)

ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN SINGAPORE In recent times, there had been a rise in the number of children who are attending school and are diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The symptoms often impair these individuals to receive an education and also interfere with their learning. While there are numerous other treatments around for ADHD, parents and teachers alike have been relying heavily upon the ...

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Correlates of criminal behavior

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,976 Words)

Introduction Factors that correlate with crime are those, such as economic deprivation, that demonstrate a relationship with the incidence of criminal behavior. It is crucial to remember that correlations only tell us that there is a relationship between one variable and another they do not tell us what is causing what. For example, there is an association between failing at school and juvenile delinquency but we cannot ...

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Young Mania Rating Scale

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (896 Words)

The Young Mania Rating Scale (Young et al. 1978) is comprised of 11 items and used to rate symptoms of mania. Seven items have a score range of 0 to 4 while four items have scores ranging from 0 to 8. The total score ranges from 0 to 56 with lower scores representing fewer symptom and higher scores representing more symptoms. Scores are based on clinician-assessment and ...

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Personality Traits What Extent It Affects Employees Performance Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,964 Words)

There are two approaches to personality: nomothetic and idiographic. The nomothetic approach presumes that personality is inherited and environmental factors don't play a high role (Buchanan, Huczynski, (2010). pp. 174). This approach takes a number of variables into account while studying personality such as traits (Iverson Software Co., 2006). This is on the nature side of the nature-nurture debate (Buchanan, Huczynski, (2010). pp. 174). This approach is ...

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The Characteristics And Issues Of Psychopaths Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,649 Words)

There are characters in the society whose habits and moral behaviors are something out of the ordinary. These individuals exist in each and every society. They have the propensity to engage in certain inhuman activities without being empathetic in any way. The cruel acts they commit do not seem at all cruel to them and most of the time, they like shifting the blame from them as ...

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Phonological Process And Language Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,387 Words)

Stampe first introduced concept of phonological processes which could explain how speech sound errors were a product of a failure to suppress natural tendencies of the perception and production systems and according to him learning of sound system requires suppression of a number of innate simplifying process and simultaneously increasing number of contrast sounds. During the developmental period, children's production errors can be reliably classified according to ...

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Study into how the Human Memory works

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,014 Words)

Memory is the act of recalling or remembering past events. Psychologists define memory as the ability to store, retain and recall information. Or memory can also be defined as the process of acquiring information through encoding by changing it to a usable form, storage for later use and retrieval by bringing stored memories into conscious awareness state. In order to understand the human memory and how it ...

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A study into paraphilias and its effects

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,223 Words)

Statistics report, At least 1 woman in 7 will be raped in her lifetime. Because only 1 rape in 5 is reported, the true figure is much higher (CDC, 2007; FVPF,2007). Many would consider these women a victim, but could the perpetrator also be suffering from something we as observers have not yet considered, something far worse? Perhaps the mark of true sexual deviations, the compulsive and ...

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Returning to sport after long term injury

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,745 Words)

After suffering a serious injury the journey of returning to sport for an athlete, can be a difficult and a demanding process (Podlog & Eklund, 2006). An athlete's journey back to sport and their response to injury and the rehabilitation process has been investigated by multiple studies (Bianco, Malo, & Orlick, 1999; Podlog, & Eklund, 2007; Weiss, 2003), which have resulted in finding that successfull rehabilitation for ...

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Definition and the five stages of perception

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,041 Words)

Perception is the process which people are aware of objects and events in the external world. Perception occurs in five stages: stimulation, organization, interpretation-evaluation, memory and recall. People studied perception as the need to solve a particular problems, arise simply from intellectual curiosity about themselves and the world. It is important to know just what kind of perceptual demands can reasonably be placed on human senses without ...

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Evaluation of three attachment style theories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (935 Words)

An emotional attachment bond or security, care, comfort and pleasure is involved. John bowlby which said attachment attachment theory proposes the concept of psychological connectedness between human beings that exist in a permanent, according to him is an evolutionary component. Starting with your mother or care giver bonds formed by children is a wonderful impact that continues throughout life and even children, AOS is likely to exist. ...

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Influence by peers in adolescents

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,883 Words)

Introduction According to Erikson (1950), during adolescence, the development of new identities which are meaningful are of upmost importance to the individual. This is due to the fact that adolescence is a period of time in which individuals become more independent from their families and as a result, peer groups become much more influential than they were previously (Kandel & Andrews, 1987; Windle, 2000; Wood, Vinson & ...

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Goodness Of Fit Of A Logistic Regression Model Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,798 Words)

Logistic regression is a linear regression analysis to conduct when the dependent variable is dichotomous (binary).It is predictable and use to describe data and to explain relationship between one dependent binary variable and one or more metric independent variables. It assumes that dependent variable is a stochastic event (Dallag 2007, Field 2009, Gujarati, 2006, Sim 2009). Logistic regression uses logistics function as illustrated below: In (Ãâ‚¬/1-Ãâ‚¬) lies ...

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Social Environment Can Influence Behaviors And Stress Levels Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,045 Words)

Historically and in evolution terms the natural way for the human body to deal with stress is the basic fight or flight response to a stressor. However, in today's industrialised world this is often dysfunctional to individuals for many reasons and prevention and/or intervention is needed to ensure there isn't a detrimental effect on the health and wellbeing of the person. When early humans were confronted with ...

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The Phonological Similarity Effect In Working Memory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,235 Words)

A considerable amount of cognitive, behavioural research has been conducted on the working memory model and the role of the phonological loop and similarity effects on the serial recall paradigm. The purpose of this study was to extend the existing research available in support of the evidence for Baddeley and Hitch (1974) working memory model and the role of the phonological loop. A group of 18 undergraduate ...

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Authoritative parenting is the best form of parenting

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,488 Words)

Over time there has been considerable scientific interest in the study of parenting as a key component to healthy adolescent development. A wealth of information is available, supporting that the type of parenting adolescents experience is undoubtedly one of the most potent influences on their psychological and behavioural well-being (Fletcher et al., 1999). In reviewing the literature, one is struck by the consistency with which authoritative parenting ...

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The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,876 Words)

In this essay it will be important to adress a few topics of 'How useful psychology is in everyday life'. Psychology is not a single subject of enterprise as infact it can be pinned down to quite a lot of coalated specialities for example developmental psychology, clinical psychology, cognitive psychology,psysiological psychology which all have different focus points. Developmental psychology has a focus point on studying the age-related ...

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The Impact Of Levels Of Processing Independent Variable Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,365 Words)

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the impact of levels of processing (Independent Variable) on our memory (Dependent Variable). We hypothesized to find that a deeper level of processing lead to a better memory and in turn, greater recall. The experiment controlled variables such as environmental conditions, age of the target population and educational background of the participants. The experiment uses the Independent Measures design ...

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Investigating the irrelevant sound effect on free recall

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,050 Words)

The effect of background noise upon free recall of visually presented words was investigated. A total of 60 participants were recruited for this psychological study. The experimental groups were the speech condition (N=20) and the whale sound condition (N=20) whereas the silent condition (N=20) accounted for the control condition. Participants were randomly assigned to each group. The speech, whale sound and silence accounted for the three levels ...

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There are several broad categories of psychological tests

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (986 Words)

IQ tests purport to be measures of intelligence, while achievement tests are measures of the use and level of development of use of the ability. IQ (or cognitive) tests and achievement tests are common norm-referenced tests. In these types of tests, a series of tasks is presented to the person being evaluated, and the person's responses are graded according to carefully prescribed guidelines. After the test is ...

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The Relationship Between Prime And Target Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,081 Words)

Sociative priming as suggested by Ashcraft (1998, page 181) is "any stimulus that is presented first, to see if it influences later information''. This report undertakes to evaluate the association between prime and target on a lexical decision task. Meyer and Schvaneveldt's (1971) study was replicated with some differences. One hundred and sixty two subjects participated in a five minute experiment. They were exposed between 50 and ...

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Perception of death and health locus of control

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,138 Words)

Based on the edge theory, it is said that humans generally have moderate levels of death anxiety (Kastenbaum, 2007). As one is always on the brink of possible danger, one's death anxiety levels fluctuate with the possibility of danger. When one feels unsafe or in the face of death, one would have increased levels of death anxiety. During other times, one would have relatively low levels of ...

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Media Coverage Of Terrorism Psychological Impact Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,996 Words)

This research report concerns the psychological impact resulting from the media coverage of terrorism. the report focuses on the impact on school going children of Pakistan. In this report this relationship will be studied in the light of present literature. The present literature indicates an association between television viewing and symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress. However a gap exists in literature regarding the impact of terrorist activities ...

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A psychological formulation of a case study based on the cognitive-...

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,583 Words)

Aaron T. Beck, the founder of Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) defined it as "an active, directive, time limited approach used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders", (Beck 1979). Beck, inspired by Albert Ellis, developed cognitive therapy in the 1960s after a realization he made while conducting free association with patients in the context of psychoanalysis when he noted that patients had not been reporting certain thoughts ...

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Structure, Strengths And Weaknesses In Observation

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,880 Words)

Collecting data is a key word in any research paper. The way the researcher collects his data leads to a fruitful research or a non successful one. To collect data, thee exists several tools or instruments. It's up to the researcher to select the best tool for his research with regards to the type of his research and its objectives, as well as the availability of the ...

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Looking At Brain Tumors Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,285 Words)

Brain tumors are a very harmful diagnoses that can completely change a persons everyday lifestyle. It could change their lifestyle because, the symptoms that come with brain tumors. Also, it can cause personality changes and certain types of body reactions. This illness has a major effect to the patient and can also effect the family. How the brain tumor occurs is when abnormal growth of cells that ...

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Challenges and breakthroughs for women

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,873 Words)

Abstract The history of women's rights is a chronicle plagued with many challenges and breakthroughs for women. While woman(sp) had a difficult time making their way in the field of psychology, minorities had a bigger challenge in front of them during this era. Minorities continue to be underrepresented in the field of psychology today. In this paper I will discuss how women and minorities struggled for a ...

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study of person centered therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,250 Words)

There are four core concepts for the Person-Centered Approach. The first concept is self-actualization. Self-Actualization is the tendency for a person to reach their fullest potential through self-discovery and personal growth. The second concept of the Person Centered Approach is the need for positive regard. This is a personÂ¿Â½s need for appreciation, love, respect, etc. from another person. There are two types of positive regard: unconditional and ...

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History Of Art Therapy The Different Ages Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,489 Words)

In this paper, a brief introduction of Art therapy is given so that the reader can get an idea of the term. The paper proceeds with a summarized history of this term in such a way that everyone can find the details by the jargons being used. The history of art therapy is then distributed into three periods, which are related with the best scholars that each ...

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Aggression In Violent Offenders Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,365 Words)

Anger is considered to be an innate emotion within human beings that is associated with positive and negative qualities. Subjectively, anger can range from mild to severe or from mere irritation to rage (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). Anger can positively act to mobilize psychological resources, facilitate perseverance, protect self-esteem, energize corrective behaviors, and communicate negative sentiments. However, anger also holds the negative potential to cause individuals ...

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The importance of ethical issues in psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,587 Words)

Ethical issues in psychology became increasingly important in the last part of twentieth century, and are now firmly established as a significant part of modern psychology. They do not only feature as an area of study in their own right, but all psychological research is increasingly under scrutiny with regard to its ethical implications. Studies which were previously considered as acceptable are no longer regarded to be ...

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Factors that affect workers productivity

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,316 Words)

have long been a topic of interest to managers and employers. over the years, various theories have been considered, with the idea that through increasing job motivation or job satisfaction, output might also be increased. The results of several previous studies have established a relationship between job satisfaction and job performance, while results of other studies have indicated a correlation between motivation and job performance (Grant, 2008; ...

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Understanding the physiological and biochemical processes of stress

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,572 Words)

An example of a biochemical method of the measurement of stress is the study in a Swedish saw mill by Johansson et al (1978). The aim of the study was to identify if stressors at work caused an increase in "stress-related physiological arousal and stress related illness". The study used two groups of employees; one group was considered to be high risk their role was "finishers" the ...

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Effectiveness Of Fear Appeals In Health Promotion Campaigns Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,266 Words)

Abstract Fear appeals are still being used in today's social marketing world to persuade the public to change dangerous habits. The use of fear appeals has proved effective in changing behaviour with moderate to high levels being most successful at persuasion. Other variables need to be taken into account however to ensure that fear appeals are not focussing just on the optimum levels of fear but on ...

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Stress and anxiety as predictors of road rage

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,414 Words)

Road rage or aggressive driving is increasingly getting attention in many major cities in the world including Australia. It has raised serious concern from the authority and the media. Preventive actions are required. Road rage is a form of angry or aggressive driving behaviour by drivers using car or other motor vehicle. The behaviours may include driving in a dangerous and threatening way, tailgating, rude gestures, cutting ...

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Good parenting advice for first time parents

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,984 Words)

Being or becoming a parent is one of the most challenging, yet most natural things people may face during their life. A first-time parent may feel overwhelmed by the situation, therefore it is important to learn from other parents and research carried out in this area. This essay will look at some of the most important pieces of advice that a good parent can have, which will ...

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Mental Exercise And Stimulation Of Muscle Growth Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,984 Words)

When we talk about exercise, many of us just focused on the physically body exercise and overlooked the mentally brain exercise. Our brain work like a director to control actions and thinking. A brain cell, called neurons, connected to each other in the quantity of billions to form the nervous system. The nervous system directs the motion of human to respond to different environment and stimulation. Through ...

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Perception and Individual Decision Making

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,543 Words)

Definition of Perception and the factors that Influence the Process of Perception. Perception is a process in which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. However, what one perceives can be substantially different from objective reality. People's behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. Perceptions have implications for the following in an organization: ...

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The Relation Between Rubber Hand Illusion Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,473 Words)

When and artificial hand is placed in a position compatible with the participant's own posture, i.e. a position that is plausible anatomically with regard to the participant's body, then the combination of visual input from the rubber hand and tactile stimulation to the participant's hidden hand produces the feeling that the rubber hand is part of the body in around half of participants. The incidence of the ...

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Effects of deep and shallow processing on memory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,092 Words)

The depth of processing theory states that information is processed at different levels, which influences cognitive performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of depth of processing on memory recall. Past research investigating the depth of processing theory suggests that words processed at a deeper level are more likely to be remembered than words processed at a shallow level. Random assignment was used ...

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Introduction The History Of Schizophrenia Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,540 Words)

Schizophrenia from the Greek word (schizo) means split and (phrenia) means mind is a psychiatric disorder characterised by positive, negative and cognitive dysfunctions (Andreasen, 1997; Meltzer, 1999a, b; Meltzer et al., 1999; Weinberger and Gallhofer, 1997). These symptoms are characterized by delusions, hallucinations, loss of abstract thinking and difficulty to differentiate between reality and fantasy. In general, symptoms differ from one person to another. Schizophrenia has been ...

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A Look At Behaviorism Then And Now Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,898 Words)

Behaviorism began with Descartes and is considered to be the oldest theory of personality. Descartes saw humans as a machine of sorts, whereas behaviorists viewed humans as some conduit between the environment and behavior. The depth and breadth of this journey can only be briefly touched upon in this analysis but suffice it to say behaviorism arose from men who stood on the shoulders of greatness and ...

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Treatment interventions for the victim of bullying

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

17 Pages (6,555 Words)

Bullying is defined as repeated negative actions over time directed at an individual (Olweus, 2002). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services states that bullying involves an imbalance of power ("Stop bullying now," 2010). Seen as a continuum with teasing at one end and brutal bullying at the other. Another definition of bullying is "ongoing and frequent and includes verbal taunting, name-calling, threats, stealing, and acts ...

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Holistic approach of yoga for health

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

22 Pages (8,564 Words)

In this modern era, we have all the material comforts due to advancements in technology; this rapid progress and technological development has changed the life style of the people, which in turn seems to pose many challenges. Today, one's life style has changed in all aspects, viz physical, mental & social. Mankind suffered from infectious & contagious diseases before 19th century. Thanks to all advances in modern ...

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A Brain Computer Interface Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,510 Words)

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) provides a new communication channel between the human brain and the computer. Current devices for achieving input into the computer mainly require physical or more precisely mechanical operation by the user, e.g. mouse and keyboard. Feedback from the computer is commonly given by audio/visual elements, e.g. speakers and monitors showing GUIs. However, the limitations in terms of usability and accessibility are well understood ...

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Prejudice And Discrimination Continues Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,969 Words)

Prejudice and discrimination continues to be a crucial and compelling topic in the field of psychology. Prejudice is universally defined as an unjust pessimistic mind-set towards a collective group or an affiliate of that group. Stereotypes, which are overviews about a group or its associates that are accurately inaccurate, are a number of values that can convoy the pessimistic beliefs connected with prejudice. According to Jones (1997) ...

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Research into the Porcellio Scaber Investigation

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,052 Words)

Porcellio Scaber are a species of Isopoda, they belong to the phylum Arthropoda and the class Crustacea thus meaning that they are closely related to crab, shrimp and lobster. As Crustacea, Porcellio Scaber do need to remain in moist environments such as compost heaps, under rotting wood and other dark places. Porcellio Scaber tend to behave in ways which are situated around water conservation and they need ...

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Comparison between true experiment and quasi experiment

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,107 Words)

Experiments are basically conducted to determine the cause and effect of a treatment, program or any other implementation. It is done to find out if something works; a test to see if a different method would be better than the previous. They are usually done to find a new way to improve the present situation at hand. For example, in hospitals, a particular group of patients with ...

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Case Study Research And Different Research Methods Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,223 Words)

A research method is a strategy of inquiry which moves from the underlying philosophical assumptions to research design and data collection. The choice of research method influences the way in which the researcher collects data. Specific research methods also imply different skills, assumptions and research practices. Qualitative research is an umbrella concept in which several methods of inquiry inform researchers about naturally occurring phenomena, processes, or perspectives ...

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The concept and definition of job satisfaction

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,963 Words)

Job Satisfaction Introduction The concept of job satisfaction, viewed through different lenses by various scholars, is defined differently. Greenberg and Baron (2008), for instance, viewed job satisfaction as a feeling that can produce a positive or negative effect toward one's roles and responsibilities at work and added that it is important to understand the concept of job satisfaction as there is no single way to satisfy all ...

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Behaviourism And The Psychodynamic Approach Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,549 Words)

Behaviourism is mostly about observable behaviours and views how learning is through association, seen in Classical Conditioning and through behaviour reinforcement, as in Operant Conditioning (B F Skinner, 1938). The Psychodynamic Approach (Sigmund Freud, writing between the 1890s and the 1930s) views all behaviours as being controlled by thought processes of the mind. (Cardwell et al. 2004) Behaviourism primarily looks at behaviours that can be seen, and ...

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The causes and effects of procrastination

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,716 Words)

Procrastination is no stranger to today's culture in time management. Studies conducted by Beswick, Rothblum & Mann, 1988; Gallagher, 1992; Rothblum, Solomon & Murakami, 1986 reports that 40% to over 50% of college students procrastinate. "Procrastination comes from the Latin 'pro', meaning 'forward, forth, or in favor of,' and 'crastinus,' meaning 'of tomorrow'" (Klein, 1971). Based on that, procrastination actually means the action of deferring a task. ...

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Does personality influence our health

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (891 Words)

A wide spread of research has been dedicated by psychologists in the area of personality affecting an individual's health. 'Personality is the set of psychological traits and mechanisms within the individual that are organized and relatively enduring and that influence his or her interactions with and adaptations to the intrapsychic, physical, and social environments (Larsen and Buss, 2004, p.4). In the following essay these aspects will be ...

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Case study based on the cognitive behavioural perspective

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,583 Words)

Aaron T. Beck, the founder of Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) defined it as "an active, directive, time limited approach used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders", (Beck 1979). Beck, inspired by Albert Ellis, developed cognitive therapy in the 1960s after a realization he made while conducting free association with patients in the context of psychoanalysis when he noted that patients had not been reporting certain thoughts ...

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Facial Expression And Emotional Perception Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,276 Words)

Human beings are considered the most intelligent animals on earth. However, it can be said that human babies are relatively helpless and unable to perform basic tasks, compared to the young of other mammals, such as cows and cats, which are able to perform most tasks about two weeks into their lives. Nevertheless, while infants are physically incapable of many tasks, it can be said that their ...

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