Psychology Essays | Free Essays on Psychology

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Humanistic approach in counselling psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,942 Words)

It will look at how it emerged and who were the main practitioners in this approach. It will then compare with the other two main approaches Psychoanalysis and cognitive behaviour theory. Humanistic approach one of the three approaches in counselling psychology emerged after disillusion with the other two prominent approaches at the time psychodynamic and behaviourist. It emerges as the third force in the 1950s and 1960s. ...

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Parent Neglect and Adolescent Suicide Ideation

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,288 Words)

"Those supposedly-in-charge folks did nothing to help a girl in trouble and then adopted a "look-the-other-way, kids-will-be-kids culture" after she killed herself". [1] Phoebe Prince was just fifteen when she decided to hang herself in a closet in her family apartment after she was bullied in school. Around nine teenagers from Phoebe's school were accused of harassing Phoebe to the point of suicide. It was said that three of ...

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Ethical difficulties involved in practising counselling psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,187 Words)

The idea of counselling has been around for hundreds of years and in each culture there have been ways to help people who have or are experiencing emotional or psychological distress (Frank, 1973). It has only been recently however, that the person - centred approach to counselling has evolved. Many believe that this type of approach started with a talk given by Carl Rogers (1902 - 1987) ...

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Case study on psychological assessment and treatment plan

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,726 Words)

Johnson is a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in a renowned international manufacturing company. Those who know him describe him as a quiet, hardworking, focused and no-nonsense man in his mid forties. It is true that his position is quite admirable and envious. But on close observation, one may wonder why he looks distressed. The daily hassles of present day life, tight schedules, frustrations and high goals are ...

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Similarities and differences in the approaches to psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,640 Words)

Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour, which include study of humans and animals. Its origins can be traced to debates by Aristotle and Plato. However, in those days it was a part of philosophy and not a separate discipline, psychology came about as its own discipline during the mid-1800s, thanks to a German physiologist named Wilhelm Wundt. There are various methods used which ...

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Evaluation of Sigmund Feud and his theory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,523 Words)

Sigmund Freud may have pioneered psychoanalysis and initiated interest in behavioral patterns, but some of his concepts/theories are controversial. "Sigmund Freud is one of the well know scientist of his time in the area of psychology, he is intentionally referred to as the godfather of psychology. Freud was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, who created an entirely new approach to the understanding of the ...

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The effects of amnesia and its different types

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,232 Words)

Amnesia is defined as the full or partial loss of memory that may be temporary or permanent, causing a significant inability to remember important information to such a degree that it has moderate to severe effects on person's life (Logsdon). The effects of amnesia are related to the type of amnesia patient is suffering. The most common effect is the inability to recall information stored in the ...

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Treatment Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,189 Words)

Obsessive compulsive disorder is a common anxiety disorder, thought to be chronic and impairing for the individual. OCD is characterized mainly by two features, obsessions and compulsions. The obsessions and the compulsions can occur separately, either the one of them, or most commonly both (Abramowitz, Taylor & McKay, 2009). 1.1. Obsessions Obsessions are recurrent and intense thoughts, images, or impulses that can be intrusive and cause high ...

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Gratitude the parent of all virtues

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,385 Words)

Everyone indeed has experienced receiving gifts, favors or benefits. How does it feel? Certainly, the common emotion that one feels is the feeling of being thankful or grateful. But on the other hand, one might also feel indebted. Thus, through this study, a deeper understanding will be grasp to understand every part of the emotion gratitude: what is gratitude, how is gratitude experienced, the difference between gratitude ...

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Case study: Psychoanalytic Theory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,440 Words)

This paper will describe an in depth analysis of the psychoanalytic theory. The paper covers the origins of the theory and its creator Sigmund Freud. This paper looks to examine what the theory is and how it affected psychology of its time and how it has progressed throughout time. Also discussed are the strengths and weaknesses of this theory. Another part to this paper looks to examine ...

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Wavelet Packet Feature Extraction And Support Vector Machine Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,771 Words)

ABSTRACT- The aim of this work is an automatic classification of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by using statistical features extraction and support vector machine. From a real database, two sets of EEG signals are used: EEG recorded from a healthy person and from an epileptic person during epileptic seizures. Three important statistical features are computed at different sub-bands discrete wavelet and wavelet packet decomposition of EEG recordings. ...

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Models Of Intervention With Sex Offenders Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,093 Words)

Morrison discussed how intervention in the field of sexual offenders cannot be value free, and continuing the work of Salter (1988) proposed that an acceptable value base for practitioners should reflect acknowledgement of a prosecutable criminal offence which is fundamentally unacceptable. Indeed, while the overarching aim of sex offender treatment must be protection of the public, the apparent success with treatment over that of purely punitive measures ...

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Shyness And Awkwardness In Everyday Encounters Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,789 Words)

Maybe at the bus, or the lobby of a dental clinic, or even while waiting for that delicious fill of coffee, those are some of the times that you find yourself looking at the ceiling, checking your phone for that unread message or even noticing how exceptionally elegant are the wrinkles of your hands. In less than ten minutes, you have already analyzed all the posters glued ...

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Similarities and differences: short and long term memory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,420 Words)

It is widely accepted that memory can best be understood in terms of three essential stages (encoding, storage, and retrieval of information) that involve the flow of information through memory system. In general, short-term memory (STM) refers to limited capacity that can store information for short periods of time. On the contrary, long-term memory (LTM) has unlimited capacity that can hold a vast quantity of information which ...

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Method of Constant Stimuli

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,206 Words)

Estimate of the Point of Subjective Equality from the obtained graph: PSE = 101.6 Estimate of the upper threshold (UT) from the obtained graph: UT = 104.2 Estimate of the lower threshold (LT) from the obtained graph: LT = 98.5 Estimate of the interval of uncertainty (IU) from the obtained graph: IU = upper threshold - lower threshold, which in this case is: 104.2 - 98.5 = ...

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Case Study About Improving Performances Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,635 Words)

Sport psychology can be described as the science of behaviour in relation to participation in sport and exercise. An increasing number of performers and athletes seek out psychologists to assist improving performances. The following case study is on a 20 year old male named Matthew. He is a good performer, reaching a top junior level and progressing to men's participation, training at the Royal Canoe Club in ...

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Curiosity or inquisitiveness is a distinctive feature

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

17 Pages (6,758 Words)

Curiosity or inquisitiveness is a distinctive feature of human beings. We are curious to know about ourselves, our institutions, our environment, our planet, other planets, etc. Questions go on arising in our mind. What are the parameters of sound health of a person? How do problems of health arise? What are the remedies? What is the shape of the earth? How do solar and lunar eclipses arise? ...

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Reliability, Practicality, and Validity level of the entrance exam

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,084 Words)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to reveal the reliability, practicality, and validity level of the entrance exam for the teacher training program at National Institute of Education in Cambodia and to measure the knowledge of the student and test when they did the examination in 2010. This study employed documentary interviews from the two teachers and the two students at NIE. As a result of ...

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Effects of physical attractiveness on intimate relationships

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,105 Words)

There is no exact definition of physical attractiveness. In general, physical attractiveness is a person's perception of physical traits that are attractive, appealing and beautiful. This could be applied to oneself and others. Each person has different understanding of attractiveness. What is attractive to a person might not be attractive to others. In other words, attractiveness is subjective. As an example, different genders have different preferences toward ...

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Interventions For Autistic Children Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,493 Words)

Learning Disability A positivist study to explore which behavioral and developmental interventions work best in addressing the needs of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Learning disability is a hindrance in way of an individual to learn and perceive routine activities and inability to read or write. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disease that leads to many disorders like being unable to communicate, less socialization power, repentant ...

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The Effect Of Higher Education On Police Officers Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,817 Words)

The impact of higher education on attitude and performance of police officers has a subject of a long-running debate within criminology and police science research for decades. Although some uncertainties remain, a large amount of literature has found a positive effect of higher education on the attitude and performance of police officers. The literature is primarily on studies from the United States of America in the 1970s ...

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Psychology Essays - Adult Development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,975 Words)

Adult development: critically evaluate the various explanatory models that have been proposed to explain cognitive ageing. relate this to models of ageing as a general process. In examining the changes that occur to the brain over a lifetime it has been found that there are predictable decreases in certain cognitive abilities. These can be grouped into three categories: crystallised intelligence, memory and cognitive speed. Crystallised intelligence refers ...

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What Makes A Person Famous At Work Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,087 Words)

What makes a person famous at work? Fame or popularity at work is much desired. To understand the phenomena, it is important to understand about fame. A research concluded that a person who is well known and liked is considered as popular (Scott, 2007). In other words a popular person is one who is likeable and socially visible. Babel (2001) further established the factors like social visibility ...

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Eating Habits And Social Self Concept Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,754 Words)

A good eating behavior and social self notion is a valuable resource for reducing the incidence and impact of health problems, for recovery, for coping with life stressors, and for improving quality of life. Â There is a growing body of scientific evidence that shows our lifestyles play a huge part in how healthy we are.Â From what we eat and drink, to how much exercise we take, ...

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Evaluate Three Approaches To Treating A Mental Disorder Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,540 Words)

Despite the development and increased involvement of medications within the treatment of mental disorder, Psychological therapies remain vital in order to aid in the effective and long term treatment of such conditions. It is with these treatments, that patients can undergo substantial if not full recoveries to allow for independent and healthy function within society. When looking at effective treatments of mental disorder, there are three main ...

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General Intelligence And Specific Abilities Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,721 Words)

The development of meaningful artificial intelligence will require that machines acquire some variant of human consciousness. Systems that do not possess self-awareness and sentience will at best always be very brittle. Without these uniquely human characteristics, truly useful and powerful assistants will remain a goal to achieve. To be sure, advances in hardware, storage, and parallel processing architectures will enable ever greater leaps in functionality. But these ...

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Literature review on stress and the rugby union

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,087 Words)

The chapter will explain topics related to this study. Firstly rugby union will be briefly described to outline the nature of the game then the definition, theories, and measurers of stress, arousal, anxiety and confidence will be explained and their impacts on performance. Finally a summary as to why all the concepts have been discussed, and their relation to the study. 2.2 Rugby union Rugby is an ...

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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,891 Words)

A recently adopted form of psychotherapy known as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has become very popular. It was created in the 90s by Steven Hayes and is a form of behavioral and cognitive therapy. These therapy methods have long been used to treat behavioral issues like anxiety, stress due to traumatic situations, and depression. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches patients to take a negative thought and evaluate all ...

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Ptsd On Other Disorders And Diathesis Stress Model Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,657 Words)

This essay will look at Post-traumatic stress disorder; Specific reference will be made to the Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Treatment, Stress- Diathesis Model and PTSD on other disorders. According to Grohol (2010) he stated that Post-traumatic- Stress disorder also known as PTSD forms part of anxiety disorder, being a weakening condition follows a horrifying, and traumatic event. The point after the event usually leads a person to recall the ...

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Individual Differences A Brief Overview Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,778 Words)

A person differing from others is understandable, but how and why a person differs is less clear and is therefore a subject of the study of individual differences (Revelle, 2000). Individual differences are the differences among individuals, in regards to a single characteristic or number of characteristics, which in their totality distinguish one individual from another and make oneself a unique individual (Mangal, 2007). Characteristics that define ...

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Effect Of Energy Drinks On Cognitive Performance Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,877 Words)

The purpose of this study was to examine whether if there effects of energy drinks on cognitive performance or not. Popularity of energy drinks has increased significantly in recent years because of the talking of the ability of these drinks to increase both cognitive performance and physical energy. The energy drink Red Bull was tested to consider the validity of claims of the manufacturer about the ability ...

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An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

34 Pages (13,518 Words)

Organisations are struggling in the current competitive economic climate. Ensuring organizational survival may ultimately come down to attracting and recruiting skilled employees (Barber & Roehling, 1993). Terpstra (1994) identified recruitment as an essential strategy for organisations to prosper and survive in the global economy, suggesting the initial attraction and selection of candidates may be the most important foundation for organisational performance. As the realisation of the link ...

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Theory of the case study research

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,025 Words)

Theory has a very important and indispensible role in the marketing research. Theory determines the variables, which are investigated and measured, and the source for interpreting findings. In order to develop theories, there are two approaches (1) deductive approach and (2) inductive approach (Bonoma, 1985). The deductive approach tries to find causality in the research area with the well-known theory in order to clarify the phenomenon (Malhotra ...

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Psychological Effects Of Alcohol On Behavior

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,216 Words)

When people think of the negative effects alcohol has on the body, many times people may think of the damage it does to the internal organs. Some of the areas that are affected by alcohol are the liver, the stomach and pancreas, and the kidneys. These are all vital organs that need to remain healthy in order for our bodies to function properly. The effects of alcohol ...

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Research Methods Into Positivism And Social Constructivism

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,227 Words)

There has been heated discussion over the use of positivism and social constructivism in management research over the past few decades. And one can find that most of the theorists take a neutral view with regard to this situation. After the 1980s there has been a trend towards social constructivism but even then no one is sticking completely to the principles of one single philosophy. The main ...

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Speaking Of Brocas Area Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,343 Words)

The brain is said to be one of the most complex things in the universe. It has an estimated 100 billion neurons and countless synaptic connections between these. These neurons are highly complex in structure, each with the potential of having over a thousand dendrites branching to communicate and connect to other neurons. Evolution, however, has allowed for the development of a functional order from what would ...

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Jean Piaget: The Four Stages Of Cognitive Theory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,833 Words)

Cognitive theory of Jean Piaget includes four stages of development that children move through during which the explanatory behaviors of infants transform into the abstract, logical intelligence of adulthood. There are three important specific characteristics of Piaget's theory of which the first one is being a general theory, that is, cognition's all aspects undergo a similar course of change. Another characteristic is that children move through the ...

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Influential Factors On Ethnocentrism Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,038 Words)

The current study examines the relation of dimensions of ethnocentrism relate to social-structural factors such as socioeconomic status, feeling of anomie, and authoritarianism. Using clustered sampling, five hundred students were selected from ten high schools in Ahvaz city, Iran. Results of Structural Equation Modeling showed that SES has direct positive effect on ethnocentrism. In addition, being mediated by feeling of anomie and authoritarianism, SES indirectly relates to ...

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Contradicting Theories On Choking Under Pressure Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,260 Words)

For several decades, the relationship between stress and performance gained much attention. Numerous psychological researches provided evidence for the anecdotal phenomenon that pressure negatively affects cognitive and motor control during performance. This phenomenon is known as 'choking under pressure', defined as performing more poorly than expected, in situations where performance pressure is at a maximum, given at one's skill level. Contradicting theories on choking under pressure A ...

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How background music effects short term memory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

16 Pages (6,032 Words)

Irrelevant sound effect describes the empirical finding that short-term memory is disturbed by background sounds that are irrelevant to the memory task at hand, even though participants are told to ignore them (Beaman & Jones, 1997). To date, accumulating research evidence suggests that the irrelevant sound effect is a highly robust and reliable finding, as demonstrated by which it has been replicated in numerous studies using a ...

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Advantages and disadvantages of relying on field notes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,594 Words)

When designing a research project a researcher could use data collection methods such as field notes and transcription of audio or video recordings. This essay will describe what are the advantages and disadvantages of relying solely on field notes. This will come along with a comparison of producing a transcription of audio or video recording. Field notes are the observation data produced by the researcher. These are ...

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Cause and Effect of Procrastination

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,716 Words)

Procrastination is no stranger to today's culture in time management. Studies conducted by Beswick, Rothblum & Mann, 1988; Gallagher, 1992; Rothblum, Solomon & Murakami, 1986 reports that 40% to over 50% of college students procrastinate. "Procrastination comes from the Latin 'pro', meaning 'forward, forth, or in favor of,' and 'crastinus,' meaning 'of tomorrow'" (Klein, 1971). Based on that, procrastination actually means the action of deferring a task. ...

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Relationship between competitive sport and self esteem

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

16 Pages (6,377 Words)

The present study examined the relationship between competitive sport and self esteem. The sample included both female and male participants who were divided into two groups, athletes (N=20) and non-athletes (N=20) An athlete was defined as an individual between the ages of 15-25 years old who was currently involved in organized competitive figure skating for at least 10 hours per week. A non-athlete was defined as an ...

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Historical Development of the Solution Focused Narrative Practice

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,032 Words)

This assignment aims to critically analyse the historical development of the Solution Focused Narrative Practice (SFNP) and the philosophical heritage that underpins the foundation. Brief reflection and evaluation will be included on how it was applied by the author in the work place. Solution Focused Therapy (SFT) is a here and now type of psychotherapy that places much emphasis on the present and future. It is a ...

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Facts Regarding The Moon And The Illusion Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

17 Pages (6,530 Words)

1. Introduction The moon rises in the east and settles in the west, following a trajectory route very similar to that of figure 2a. However, during this trajectory the appearance of the moon observed larger on the horizon compared to when it is in its elevated position in the sky is known as the moon illusion for e.g. ( Kaufman et al 1962, 2000, 2006 Reed & ...

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The role of intuition in strategic decision making

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,957 Words)

One important part of strategic management research examines the question how strategic decisions are made. The wide array of scholarly works and practitioner contributions on this topic makes it necessary to provide a definition of a strategic decision. Following Eisenhardt and Zbaracki, strategic decisions are "infrequent decisions made by the top leaders of an organisation that critically affect organisational health and survival" (1992, p.17). Strategic decision making ...

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Dependent Variables Depression Anxiety Stress Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,423 Words)

Adolescence is a crucial phase in life, during which the teenagers can succumb to conditions like depression, anxiety and stress which can increase chance of mental illnesses. The present study aims at measuring the level of depression, Anxiety and Stress of the 10th std students between the age group of 14-15 years studying in rural and urban High Schools. The sample of the study obtained using purposive ...

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IQ Tests Do They Measure Intelligence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,330 Words)

This paper is on "IQ Test". The paper explains how the IQ test is being used all over the world and for what purposes. It explains the meaning of the term "IQ". Moreover it explains the tools that have been used to measure intelligence through the IQ Test. It also gives the history and invention of this test, along with who were the inventors of this test. ...

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Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,647 Words)

Most people are not aware that there is such a thing as panic disorder with agoraphobia. Believe it or not, panic disorder plagues more than 5 million people across the globe. The root cause is stress. In the modern world we live in today, stress is the flag carrier of anxiety, so to speak. When anxiety goes unchecked and awry, as it goes out of control, this ...

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Gender In Respond To Stress And Overcome Stress Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,602 Words)

The process of growing, different gender does have different respond on when facing the stress and even the way of copping the stress. In this study, we were targeting with both gender by category their age, race, culture and surrounding issue that influence or change them the point of respond to stress and the way of copping the stress. There are many issue and different causes of ...

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Value Of An Effective Coach Athlete Relationship Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,972 Words)

Understanding the value of an effective coach-athlete relationship within the elite sport spectrum, and the use of efficient management within multidisciplinary teams Traditionally, a coach has a prescribed number of roles, which typically includes a planned, coordinated and integrated program of athlete preparation (Baker, Horton, Robertson-Wilson & Wall, 2003; Woodman, 1993), whilst ensuring that their own and the athlete's cognitions, feelings, and behaviours are mutually and casually ...

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Child Behaviour And Development In Classical Theory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (964 Words)

Johnson et al. summarized several classical theories. Surplus-energy theory argues that each persons extra energy that left over after meeting survival needs must be expended. Otherwise, it becomes pressure. Play is a tool used to regulate and get rid of this surplus energy. Differing from surplus-energy theory, in recreation theory the purpose of play is to recover energy expended in work, especially hard work. This explains why ...

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Does Exposure To Media Violence Cause Aggression Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,651 Words)

Over a period spanning more than 50 years, research evidence has accumulated about media violence with leading scholars, principally in the United States, reaching the conclusion that exposure to media violence, especially that occurring on movies and television, facilitates aggressive and antisocial behavior among those who watch it. Furthermore, each exposure has a developmental effect that cultivates traits that increase the likelihood of overt expression of violence ...

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Evaluation of eysencks trait theory of personality

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,000 Words)

Essentially physiology and genetics where mainly relevant in, Eysenck's theory Even though he was a behaviourist he considered that learned habits where of great importance, he also believed personality differences grew out of our genetic inheritance. Working within these areas of personality Eysenck discovered that there were two disciplines within psychology regarding personality. The first consisted of theorist who studied personality, interested in just developing theories with ...

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A Movie Titled I Robot Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,330 Words)

There is one day when researcher was watching a movie titled I-Robot. The film shows that the technology of artificial intelligence has grown to the point that the robots are considered as intelligent and become part of the human society. Being a fan of science fictions, the researcher compares this film to the reality of the current world. Currently, the researcher assumes that Artificial Intelligence has recently ...

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The way people perceive

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

22 Pages (8,452 Words)

Introduction Body image is the way people perceive themselves and equally important, the way they think others perceive them. Body image is constantly changing, and is always being modified by biological growth, trauma, or decline. It is also significantly influenced and moulded by life circumstances which bring about pain or pleasure. There are many factors that influence how people perceive their own body image and others. Factors ...

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Construct a psychological formulation of the case study

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,914 Words)

A formulation is a tentative explanation or hypothesis as to why an individual presents and maintains a particular disorder or circumstance at a particular point in the time (Weerasekera, 1993) The present essay will look at the formulation of cognitive behavioural perspective in light of Cara's case study. Becks cognitive model of psychopathology stresses the importance of thinking in the elicitation and maintenance of depression, anxiety and ...

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Is mental decline inevitable with age

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,838 Words)

There is no single reliable way of measuring age, however most gerontologists suggest that 60 to 65 years is the onset of old age. It is stated that at this age; age declines in many physical and psychological processes, and these become apparent, although the actual onset of this decay is usually in early adulthood. There are many suggested causes of physical decline such as "wear and ...

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Exploring the role of empathy in psychotherapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,794 Words)

In psychotherapy three aspects are identified as imperative to ensure a therapeutic climate that facilitates growth and change. These aspects include genuineness or congruence, an attitude of unconditional positive regard and empathy or empathic understanding. Each aspect plays a complementary role to one another and once integrated provides a mechanism through which self-actualisation can be reached. Empathy is a key indicator of a therapists ability as a ...

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Freuds concepts and their value for contemporary psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,669 Words)

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is well known as the founder of psychoanalysis in psychiatry and is thought of by many as a key figure in psychology. Throughout his work Freud came up with numerous concepts and theories, many of which still cause a lot of debate amongst psychologists. In this essay I will discuss some of Freud's key concepts including; development of personality, personality structures and defence mechanisms. ...

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Mental Disorders and Crime

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,374 Words)

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines mental health as a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.Â¿Â½ A mental disorder on the other hand, is a clinically psychological or behavioural disease associated with distress or disability ...

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Memory recall for word lists

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,347 Words)

The primary goal of this study was to examine the effect that colour which appertains to the emotional valence of presented images has on recall for words. Secondary goals of the study examined effects of emotional valence, congruence and gender on recall for words, and to examine whether any main interactions within these variables was evident. It was predicted that there would be greater recall for words ...

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Contributions of different theories to health psychology research

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,470 Words)

Attribution theory according to Colman (2009) was constructed to make a clear assumption how individuals assume and are aware of their own and others' attitudes. This theory was first founded by Fritz Heider and it was expanded by Edward Ellswort Jones and Harold Kelly. Whereas, self efficacy was first developed by Albert Bandura and expanded by Ralf Schwarzer. Colman (2009) stated that self efficacy is a capability ...

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Study on Peoples Ability to Detect Deception

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,583 Words)

Detecting lies is difficult to most. However, people who are being deceptive display distinct behaviors compared to that of truth tellers (Arij, 1995). The skill of detecting deceptions is especially important for people such as police officers, customs officers, prison guards and prisoners, who may frequently encounter deceptions (Vrij & Semin, 1996). Research on detecting deception is essential for the use in above areas, as well as ...

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Notion Of What Intelligence Is Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,367 Words)

Generally people have a perceptive notion of what intelligence is, and a lot of words in the English language differentiate between different levels of intellectual skill: bright, dull, smart, unintelligent, intelligent, slow, and so on. Up till now no universally accepted definition of intelligence is present, and people carry on to debate what, exactly, it is. Fundamental questions stay on. Is intelligence one general ability or several ...

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Positivism Philosophy With A Deductive Approach Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,468 Words)

The methodology of this research will follow a positivism philosophy in an effort to collect data from an observable reality and find similarities in the data collected to make them generalizable to other researchers theories (Remenyi et al. 1998, cited in Saunders, 2009, p.144). Gill and Johnson (2002, pp.39-40) add that the use of positivism emphasizes on a "cause and effect" relationship between variables, and the possible ...

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Biomechanics and Psychology on Sport Basketball

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,026 Words)

1. Coaches and athletes tend to use the terms psychological skills and psychological techniques as synonyms, but essentially have very different meanings. Psychological techniques are used to enable an athlete to help increase an athlete concentration while reducing the chance of fatigue, fear and anxiety. Examples of psychological techniques include pre-performance routines, self-talk, imagery, goal setting and mediation. Psychological skill differs from technique because it is the ...

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psychological disorders, symptoms, and possible causes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,252 Words)

A psychological disorder can occur at any stage in one's life and to anyone. Much like a physical disease such as cancer, they do not discriminate. In our society, there seems to be certain stigmas and stereotypes attached to psychological disorders (although there is more understanding in recent years) and counseling for them, even though many may be overcome, or at least managed in this way, and ...

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The Gender And Empathy Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,250 Words)

A research revealed that female is more empathize to others than male in same age, and level of empathy growing different with age. This study measure level of empathy of 505 male and female aged 13 to 16 by using Bryant's Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents and Davis's Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The result of Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents shows that female has ...

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Link Between Forgetting, Distortion, And Repression Of Memories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,340 Words)

Cognitive psychologists and neuroscience researchers have proposed theories that explain why people forget, distort, or repress memories. From a historical perspective, Freud's contributions on the topic of memory offered insights into the concept of forgetfulness and repression (Knafo, 2009). According to Knafo, forgetfulness stems from intentionally repressing unwanted memories to avoid emotional distress. Even though forgetfulness may be intentional, unintentional forgetting of memories is frustrating. Forgetfulness can ...

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Similarities And Differences Between Concepts Of Compliance Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,450 Words)

Compliance, obedience and conformity are the three forms of social influences processes which can affect the way an individual behaviour in a social setting, all the way from following fashions and unwritten social norms, to committing immoral acts just because the individual was ordered to do so by someone with an authority position. Compliance is when an individual gave in to an expressed request from another person ...

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Relationship between Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,071 Words)

The aim of the present study was to find out relationship between motivation at work and job satisfaction. Based on literature review following hypotheses were formulated 1) There will be positive relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction, and 2) There would be a gender difference on the variable of work motivation and job satisfaction. To asses job satisfaction, "Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS; Spector, 1997)", and for ...

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Psychological Techniques Of Persuasion In Sport Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,240 Words)

The European Federation of Sport Psychology defined sports psychology as the study of psychological processes, effects and basis on sports (Jarvis 1999, p.1). A sport in this description encompasses all physical activities that are engaged in for completion, education, recreation or health. Psychology is in essence a science of behavior and mind. Sports psychology is a broad term which the American sport psychologist has divided into two ...

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Adolescence Is The Period Of Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,711 Words)

Physically adolescents go through numerous changes, with rapid increases in both height and weight. As well as muscle development in boys. Adolescence is also the time when puberty begins. The development of secondary sex characteristics including growth of pubic hair, spermarche, voice changes, growth of underarm and facial hair, increased production of oil, increased sweat gland activity, and the beginning of acne (Ruffin, 2009). Cognitively adolescents begin ...

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Substance Abuse And Addiction Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

18 Pages (6,946 Words)

To gather information on substance abuse and addiction, a literature review was conducted of online informational sources, including federal agencies, and numerous electronic databases for scholarly articles including (CINAHL, PubMed, Medscape, and Medline) published between 1999 and 2012. Categorical search terms employed included addiction, substance abuse, opioids, alcohol, prescription drugs, impaired nurse, cost of drug use, treatment of drugs use, and others. The U.S. Department of Health ...

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Psychodynamic and humanistic

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,026 Words)

This approach is based on the premise that human behaviour and relationships are shaped by conscious and unconscious influences. Psychological forces that underlie human behaviour, emphasizing between unconscious and conscious motivation in which the early life experience is influential and there are stages for the full developed personality which includes Id (we are born with Id and is an important part of our personality as a newborn ...

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Features of social psychological theories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,692 Words)

The Attribution Theory looks at how people try to explain the behaviour of others. Behaviour is divided into internal and external factors, an internal attribution is made by looking at a person's characteristics, such as intelligence or personality, external attribution is made when looking at factors outside the person's control, such as bad luck or peer pressure (Heider, 1958). The correspondent inference theory describes that an attribution ...

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A Study To Define Parenting And Parenting Styles

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,248 Words)

The phenomenon of parenting is common to all cultures of world. Different aspects of parenting are considered universally important. For example, parents must nurture and should provide facilities regarding the healthy physical development as well as the basic survival needs of their children (Bornstein, 1995). Furthermore, certain aspects of parental behavior like warmth and acceptance have been found to be linked with, and predictive of, childs normal ...

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Development Of Autobiographical Memory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,316 Words)

Three Forms of Social Interaction in Early Life and the Development, Organisation and Maintenance of Autobiographical Memory. Autobiographical memories are those enduring memories of events and personal experiences which are drawn from in the construction of an individual's life story. The personal and social meanings attached to those memories provide us and those we relate our story to, with a sense of how we became who we ...

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The Obedience To Authority Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,803 Words)

Milgram wanted to know what there was in the human nature that allows them to act without any restraints whatsoever, allowing them act so harshly and in no way limited by the feelings of compassion, love. He therefore then carried out study in 1963 to explain the extent to which people obey to a person in authority. [1] Aims; The aim of Milgram's study was to examine ...

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The case study is a descriptive qualitative methodology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,186 Words)

The case study is a descriptive qualitative methodology that is used as a tool to study something specific in a complex phenomenon. The "event" is understood as an integrated system in operation, why it requires an analysis that gets interpret and reconstruct the system. The case study is the comprehensive study of one or very few research subjects, allowing obtaining a broad and detailed knowledge of the ...

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Case Study: Annotated Bibliography

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,160 Words)

This book speaks about the effects of family, school and culture on the social, emotional and personality development of children. It addresses the topic of social and emotional development and the impact the parenting styles have on it. Additionally, it focuses on the effect of development and family influences on the topic. Jannette B. Benson and Marshall M. Hiath both have a Doctorate in Philosophy and have ...

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Self Concept Theory Of Career Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,545 Words)

Super (1990), self-concept is a product of difficult interactions among a number ofÂ factors, including physical and mental growth, personal experiences, as well as environmental uniqueness and stimulation. (Herr, 1997; Savickas, 2002) Super's theory has calledÂ for a stronger emphasis on the effect of social context as well as the reciprocal influenceÂ among the individuals and the surroundings. Building on super's idea that (SCT) was essentially a personal construct theory, ...

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Autism from Theories to learning

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,925 Words)

Since it first identified as a distinct disorder by Leo Kanner (1943), autism studies continued in order to explain its causes. Many theories and clinical studies evolved. However, none of them seems to be conclusive. Although it was interchangeably considered as part of schizophrenia, recently it is defined as a distinct disorder that has its own characteristics. The field of management is still challenging. In this paper, ...

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Importance of understanding personality in psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,216 Words)

In the field of psychology it is most important to understand the personality of an individual. Personality helps sum up the values, actions, perceptions and behaviour, these can differ from person to person. There are a number of theories that are being used to understand people and have been around for many years, the five Psychological concepts used are Behaviourist, Humanistic, Cognitive, Psychodynamic and the Biological psychology. ...

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A study on visual object recognition system

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,067 Words)

Visual object recognition is crucial for our ability to interact with the environment and for our survival. It is not surprising then, that a large percentage of the cortex, extending from the occipital lobe to the parietal and temporal lobes, is devoted to visual processing. The 'ventral stream' pathway (also known as the 'what' pathway) is responsible for object identification (and is the focus on this article) ...

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Study on the titchener versus munsterberg saga

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

17 Pages (6,503 Words)

The Titchener versus Munsterberg saga was basically the personification of the battle between two systems; structuralism and behaviorism for supremacy with respect to the focus and the direction of the psychology. A system in its simplest form is an organized way of envisioning the world or some aspect of the world (Edward Tichener's, 2008). For Psychology, the theoretical system provides a broad definition of psychology and defines ...

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Is OCD Caused by Genetic or Environmental Factors

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,636 Words)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects about 1-2% of the general population and is classified, based on the DSM IV, as an anxiety disorder (Leckman et al., 2010). According to Leckman et al. (2010), obsession is an attempt to suppress or neutralize persistent images and thoughts that may cause anxiety, by means of performing other actions such as compulsions. Compulsions are repetitive behaviours or mental acts that serve as ...

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Chronic Lyme Disease And Stress Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,122 Words)

This paper examines the infectious disease known as Lyme disease in its chronic stage and the effects on the body when dealing with the stress of living with chronic illness. I have reviewed and analyzed a number of different pieces of literature and studies on the relationship between stress and living with chronic illness, with a particular focus on Chronic Lyme Disease and its devastating effects on ...

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Cognative behavioral therapy and homework assignments

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,172 Words)

Practitioners encourage clients to complete between session tasks to help apply behavioural or cognitive, beneficially into their everyday lives. Homework assignments are completed out of session and often require the client to complete a list of cognitive distortions and record their dysfunctional thoughts. This will allow for clients to highlight their thought patterns, emotions and physiological sensations (Kazantzis & Daniel, 2009). Homework assignments provide the client with ...

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The Science Of Artificial Neural Networks Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,476 Words)

The science of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), commonly referred as Neural Networks, stills a new and promising area of research. The concept of creation of neural networks exists for many decades. Nevertheless neural networks have become known and have been developed in international levels only in the recent years. It is noteworthy, scientist showing interest in neural networks, come from different scientific areas such as chemistry, medicine, ...

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Cognitive behavioural therapy treatment for severe depression

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,051 Words)

The essay starts with a short definition of the term depression and continues with an abstract about the main basics of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for the treatment of depression. The focus is on CBT as it is practised according to Aaron Beck. Due to the shortness of the essay I decided to focus on Beck, rather than on the behavioural approach of Albert Ellis, although Ellis contributed ...

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Compare and contrast the theories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,590 Words)

Part I 1. Compare and contrast the theories and basic treatment models of Albert Ellis and Aaron T. Beck. Include a discussion of the structure, theoretical/philosophical positions, therapist activity, demands on the client, and empirical support. Albert Ellis's basic treatment model is rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). The theoretical basis of Ellis's model is that individuals routinely cope with life issues by reconstructing their beliefs, affect, and ...

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Internal And External Sources Of Individual Pressure Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,715 Words)

The purpose of this literature review was to highlight internal and external sources of individual pressure and stress, and recognise potential strategies to overcome these issues from a coaches point of view. The process of identifying areas of improvements, within an athlete performance, using a variation of specifically designed assessment tools, formed the foundation of advancing my depth of knowledge and understanding regarding the particular issues. Initial ...

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Excessive Internet Usage And Symptoms Of Depression Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,946 Words)

The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between excessive internet usage and symptoms of depression in university students. Sample size is 300 university students of Karachi. Internet Addiction Test (IAT) by Dr. Kimberly S. Young is the scale used to measure the internet usage and level of depression is measured using the Depression Test (Revised) by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies. Participants will be ...

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Definition of lifespan development or lifespan psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,174 Words)

The definition of 'lifespan development' or 'lifespan psychology' is implicit in the term itself. Lifespan developmental psychology or lifespan psychology deals with the study of individual development from conception into old age (Baltes et al 1980). This definition implies the notion that an individual progresses through various developmental stages or phases throughout his or her lifetime. The theories that present the development of an individual in stages ...

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Theoretical Principles Of Motivation In Coaching Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,001 Words)

Coaching is a multi- disciplinary science, enabling the production of a strategy to enhance performance through co-ordinating contributing factors effectively. The coach is required to develop an athlete's physical, technical and tactical skills. They should be able to enhance an individual's psychological and theoretical knowledge of a particular sport. As suggested by Bompa (1994), the optimisation of these factors is important to an athlete's readiness for competition. ...

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Understanding Physical And Verbal Bullying Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,619 Words)

Bullying is an abusive way to show one person's power over another person. "For instance, although we may agree that bullying is oppressive behavior - and not to be tolerated - to one person some observed behavior may seem downright oppressive; to another the same behavior may seem merited or justified, and not bullying at all" (Rigby, 21). This review of literature will concentrate why people bully ...

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Historical Perspectives Of Abnormal Psychology Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (849 Words)

Abnormal psychology is an integral part of psychology. It studies abnormal behavior, makes attempts to understand the abnormal and then take appropriate measures in order to change it. The concept of abnormal behavior changed in the course of time from individual to individual, from culture to culture. Today the meaning of "abnormal" is connected with mental disorders. Abnormal psychology is aimed to help people who cannot adapt ...

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Nervous System, Parkinsons Disease.

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,591 Words)

The central nervous system consists of two parts, the brain and the spinal cord. The central nervous system sends impulses throughout the body and coordinates the activity of all body parts. It contains of millions of nerve cells, axons, and dendrites. Nerve cells are cells in the nervous system that transfer electrochemical signaling, The axons are the primary transmission lines of the nervous system. Secondary System: The ...

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