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Infant memory capacity

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,069 Words)

Literature Review The topic of infant memory capacity has been highly debated throughout the course of history. For many years, most individuals believed that infants had almost no capacity for any type of memory. This belief was referred to as "infantile amnesia" and stated that until around the age of toddlerhood, infants were not able to form, and later retrieve, any type of information from this period ...

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Borderline personality disorder is a chronic psychiatric disorder

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,991 Words)

instability of mood and interpersonal relationships, and suicidal behaviour that can complicate medical care" (Canadian Medical Association, 2005). Borderline personality disorder (PBD) is one of the disorders that nurses may encounter frequently. The DSM-IV divides personality disorders into three different clusters depending on their similarity of their symptoms that they may present, BPD falls into cluster B. Cluster B "includes antisocial, histrionic, borderline, and narcissistic personality disorders. ...

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Theories Explaining The Cause Of Dyslexia Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,345 Words)

According to this hypothesis dyslexia is caused due to the impairment of the phonological module which disrupts the ability to sequence the written word into its phonetic constituents[ D. Shankweiler et al,1995]. Reading is a complex process that involves two steps: decoding and comprehension[P.B. Gough,1986]. The process of comprehension requires higher order cognitive abilities like intelligence, vocabulary[D.L. Share,1995] which are left unaffected in dyslexia[Shaywitz SE,2001]. Decoding involves ...

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Video Game Causes Behavioral Problems Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,921 Words)

Firstly, one of the major concerns of video games is that they increase the nature of violence among the youth. The Harvard medical school or the Journal of adolescent health, as well as the British medical journal have concluded that there is a huge link between video game and violence. Researchers have found out that there is a certain pattern between video game and the behavioral problems ...

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Age and Gender Differences in Attitudes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,473 Words)

A survey was carried out among people from two different age categories to determine whether age and gender individually result in different attitudes towards seeking psychological help. The 653 participants each completed a shorter version of the Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale survey. The survey results were later grouped based on gender where there was 319 males and 334 females. The gender groups were again ...

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ADHD in Singapore

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,943 Words)

ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN SINGAPORE In recent times, there had been a rise in the number of children who are attending school and are diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The symptoms often impair these individuals to receive an education and also interfere with their learning. While there are numerous other treatments around for ADHD, parents and teachers alike have been relying heavily upon the ...

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Correlates of criminal behavior

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,976 Words)

Introduction Factors that correlate with crime are those, such as economic deprivation, that demonstrate a relationship with the incidence of criminal behavior. It is crucial to remember that correlations only tell us that there is a relationship between one variable and another they do not tell us what is causing what. For example, there is an association between failing at school and juvenile delinquency but we cannot ...

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Young Mania Rating Scale

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (896 Words)

The Young Mania Rating Scale (Young et al. 1978) is comprised of 11 items and used to rate symptoms of mania. Seven items have a score range of 0 to 4 while four items have scores ranging from 0 to 8. The total score ranges from 0 to 56 with lower scores representing fewer symptom and higher scores representing more symptoms. Scores are based on clinician-assessment and ...

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Personality Traits What Extent It Affects Employees Performance Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,964 Words)

There are two approaches to personality: nomothetic and idiographic. The nomothetic approach presumes that personality is inherited and environmental factors don't play a high role (Buchanan, Huczynski, (2010). pp. 174). This approach takes a number of variables into account while studying personality such as traits (Iverson Software Co., 2006). This is on the nature side of the nature-nurture debate (Buchanan, Huczynski, (2010). pp. 174). This approach is ...

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The Characteristics And Issues Of Psychopaths Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,649 Words)

There are characters in the society whose habits and moral behaviors are something out of the ordinary. These individuals exist in each and every society. They have the propensity to engage in certain inhuman activities without being empathetic in any way. The cruel acts they commit do not seem at all cruel to them and most of the time, they like shifting the blame from them as ...

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Phonological Process And Language Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,387 Words)

Stampe first introduced concept of phonological processes which could explain how speech sound errors were a product of a failure to suppress natural tendencies of the perception and production systems and according to him learning of sound system requires suppression of a number of innate simplifying process and simultaneously increasing number of contrast sounds. During the developmental period, children's production errors can be reliably classified according to ...

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Study into how the Human Memory works

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,014 Words)

Memory is the act of recalling or remembering past events. Psychologists define memory as the ability to store, retain and recall information. Or memory can also be defined as the process of acquiring information through encoding by changing it to a usable form, storage for later use and retrieval by bringing stored memories into conscious awareness state. In order to understand the human memory and how it ...

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A study into paraphilias and its effects

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,223 Words)

Statistics report, At least 1 woman in 7 will be raped in her lifetime. Because only 1 rape in 5 is reported, the true figure is much higher (CDC, 2007; FVPF,2007). Many would consider these women a victim, but could the perpetrator also be suffering from something we as observers have not yet considered, something far worse? Perhaps the mark of true sexual deviations, the compulsive and ...

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Returning to sport after long term injury

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,745 Words)

After suffering a serious injury the journey of returning to sport for an athlete, can be a difficult and a demanding process (Podlog & Eklund, 2006). An athlete's journey back to sport and their response to injury and the rehabilitation process has been investigated by multiple studies (Bianco, Malo, & Orlick, 1999; Podlog, & Eklund, 2007; Weiss, 2003), which have resulted in finding that successfull rehabilitation for ...

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Definition and the five stages of perception

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,041 Words)

Perception is the process which people are aware of objects and events in the external world. Perception occurs in five stages: stimulation, organization, interpretation-evaluation, memory and recall. People studied perception as the need to solve a particular problems, arise simply from intellectual curiosity about themselves and the world. It is important to know just what kind of perceptual demands can reasonably be placed on human senses without ...

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Evaluation of three attachment style theories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (935 Words)

An emotional attachment bond or security, care, comfort and pleasure is involved. John bowlby which said attachment attachment theory proposes the concept of psychological connectedness between human beings that exist in a permanent, according to him is an evolutionary component. Starting with your mother or care giver bonds formed by children is a wonderful impact that continues throughout life and even children, AOS is likely to exist. ...

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Influence by peers in adolescents

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,883 Words)

Introduction According to Erikson (1950), during adolescence, the development of new identities which are meaningful are of upmost importance to the individual. This is due to the fact that adolescence is a period of time in which individuals become more independent from their families and as a result, peer groups become much more influential than they were previously (Kandel & Andrews, 1987; Windle, 2000; Wood, Vinson & ...

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Goodness Of Fit Of A Logistic Regression Model Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,798 Words)

Logistic regression is a linear regression analysis to conduct when the dependent variable is dichotomous (binary).It is predictable and use to describe data and to explain relationship between one dependent binary variable and one or more metric independent variables. It assumes that dependent variable is a stochastic event (Dallag 2007, Field 2009, Gujarati, 2006, Sim 2009). Logistic regression uses logistics function as illustrated below: In (Ãâ‚¬/1-Ãâ‚¬) lies ...

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Social Environment Can Influence Behaviors And Stress Levels Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,045 Words)

Historically and in evolution terms the natural way for the human body to deal with stress is the basic fight or flight response to a stressor. However, in today's industrialised world this is often dysfunctional to individuals for many reasons and prevention and/or intervention is needed to ensure there isn't a detrimental effect on the health and wellbeing of the person. When early humans were confronted with ...

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The Phonological Similarity Effect In Working Memory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,235 Words)

A considerable amount of cognitive, behavioural research has been conducted on the working memory model and the role of the phonological loop and similarity effects on the serial recall paradigm. The purpose of this study was to extend the existing research available in support of the evidence for Baddeley and Hitch (1974) working memory model and the role of the phonological loop. A group of 18 undergraduate ...

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Authoritative parenting is the best form of parenting

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,488 Words)

Over time there has been considerable scientific interest in the study of parenting as a key component to healthy adolescent development. A wealth of information is available, supporting that the type of parenting adolescents experience is undoubtedly one of the most potent influences on their psychological and behavioural well-being (Fletcher et al., 1999). In reviewing the literature, one is struck by the consistency with which authoritative parenting ...

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The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,876 Words)

In this essay it will be important to adress a few topics of 'How useful psychology is in everyday life'. Psychology is not a single subject of enterprise as infact it can be pinned down to quite a lot of coalated specialities for example developmental psychology, clinical psychology, cognitive psychology,psysiological psychology which all have different focus points. Developmental psychology has a focus point on studying the age-related ...

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The Impact Of Levels Of Processing Independent Variable Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,365 Words)

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the impact of levels of processing (Independent Variable) on our memory (Dependent Variable). We hypothesized to find that a deeper level of processing lead to a better memory and in turn, greater recall. The experiment controlled variables such as environmental conditions, age of the target population and educational background of the participants. The experiment uses the Independent Measures design ...

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Investigating the irrelevant sound effect on free recall

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,050 Words)

The effect of background noise upon free recall of visually presented words was investigated. A total of 60 participants were recruited for this psychological study. The experimental groups were the speech condition (N=20) and the whale sound condition (N=20) whereas the silent condition (N=20) accounted for the control condition. Participants were randomly assigned to each group. The speech, whale sound and silence accounted for the three levels ...

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There are several broad categories of psychological tests

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (986 Words)

IQ tests purport to be measures of intelligence, while achievement tests are measures of the use and level of development of use of the ability. IQ (or cognitive) tests and achievement tests are common norm-referenced tests. In these types of tests, a series of tasks is presented to the person being evaluated, and the person's responses are graded according to carefully prescribed guidelines. After the test is ...

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The Relationship Between Prime And Target Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,081 Words)

Sociative priming as suggested by Ashcraft (1998, page 181) is "any stimulus that is presented first, to see if it influences later information''. This report undertakes to evaluate the association between prime and target on a lexical decision task. Meyer and Schvaneveldt's (1971) study was replicated with some differences. One hundred and sixty two subjects participated in a five minute experiment. They were exposed between 50 and ...

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Perception of death and health locus of control

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,138 Words)

Based on the edge theory, it is said that humans generally have moderate levels of death anxiety (Kastenbaum, 2007). As one is always on the brink of possible danger, one's death anxiety levels fluctuate with the possibility of danger. When one feels unsafe or in the face of death, one would have increased levels of death anxiety. During other times, one would have relatively low levels of ...

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Media Coverage Of Terrorism Psychological Impact Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,996 Words)

This research report concerns the psychological impact resulting from the media coverage of terrorism. the report focuses on the impact on school going children of Pakistan. In this report this relationship will be studied in the light of present literature. The present literature indicates an association between television viewing and symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress. However a gap exists in literature regarding the impact of terrorist activities ...

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A psychological formulation of a case study based on the cognitive-...

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,583 Words)

Aaron T. Beck, the founder of Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) defined it as "an active, directive, time limited approach used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders", (Beck 1979). Beck, inspired by Albert Ellis, developed cognitive therapy in the 1960s after a realization he made while conducting free association with patients in the context of psychoanalysis when he noted that patients had not been reporting certain thoughts ...

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Structure, Strengths And Weaknesses In Observation

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,880 Words)

Collecting data is a key word in any research paper. The way the researcher collects his data leads to a fruitful research or a non successful one. To collect data, thee exists several tools or instruments. It's up to the researcher to select the best tool for his research with regards to the type of his research and its objectives, as well as the availability of the ...

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Looking At Brain Tumors Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,285 Words)

Brain tumors are a very harmful diagnoses that can completely change a persons everyday lifestyle. It could change their lifestyle because, the symptoms that come with brain tumors. Also, it can cause personality changes and certain types of body reactions. This illness has a major effect to the patient and can also effect the family. How the brain tumor occurs is when abnormal growth of cells that ...

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Challenges and breakthroughs for women

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,873 Words)

Abstract The history of women's rights is a chronicle plagued with many challenges and breakthroughs for women. While woman(sp) had a difficult time making their way in the field of psychology, minorities had a bigger challenge in front of them during this era. Minorities continue to be underrepresented in the field of psychology today. In this paper I will discuss how women and minorities struggled for a ...

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study of person centered therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,250 Words)

There are four core concepts for the Person-Centered Approach. The first concept is self-actualization. Self-Actualization is the tendency for a person to reach their fullest potential through self-discovery and personal growth. The second concept of the Person Centered Approach is the need for positive regard. This is a personÂ¿Â½s need for appreciation, love, respect, etc. from another person. There are two types of positive regard: unconditional and ...

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History Of Art Therapy The Different Ages Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,489 Words)

In this paper, a brief introduction of Art therapy is given so that the reader can get an idea of the term. The paper proceeds with a summarized history of this term in such a way that everyone can find the details by the jargons being used. The history of art therapy is then distributed into three periods, which are related with the best scholars that each ...

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Aggression In Violent Offenders Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,365 Words)

Anger is considered to be an innate emotion within human beings that is associated with positive and negative qualities. Subjectively, anger can range from mild to severe or from mere irritation to rage (Wright, Day, & Howells, 2009). Anger can positively act to mobilize psychological resources, facilitate perseverance, protect self-esteem, energize corrective behaviors, and communicate negative sentiments. However, anger also holds the negative potential to cause individuals ...

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The importance of ethical issues in psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,587 Words)

Ethical issues in psychology became increasingly important in the last part of twentieth century, and are now firmly established as a significant part of modern psychology. They do not only feature as an area of study in their own right, but all psychological research is increasingly under scrutiny with regard to its ethical implications. Studies which were previously considered as acceptable are no longer regarded to be ...

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Factors that affect workers productivity

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,316 Words)

have long been a topic of interest to managers and employers. over the years, various theories have been considered, with the idea that through increasing job motivation or job satisfaction, output might also be increased. The results of several previous studies have established a relationship between job satisfaction and job performance, while results of other studies have indicated a correlation between motivation and job performance (Grant, 2008; ...

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Understanding the physiological and biochemical processes of stress

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,572 Words)

An example of a biochemical method of the measurement of stress is the study in a Swedish saw mill by Johansson et al (1978). The aim of the study was to identify if stressors at work caused an increase in "stress-related physiological arousal and stress related illness". The study used two groups of employees; one group was considered to be high risk their role was "finishers" the ...

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Effectiveness Of Fear Appeals In Health Promotion Campaigns Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,266 Words)

Abstract Fear appeals are still being used in today's social marketing world to persuade the public to change dangerous habits. The use of fear appeals has proved effective in changing behaviour with moderate to high levels being most successful at persuasion. Other variables need to be taken into account however to ensure that fear appeals are not focussing just on the optimum levels of fear but on ...

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Stress and anxiety as predictors of road rage

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,414 Words)

Road rage or aggressive driving is increasingly getting attention in many major cities in the world including Australia. It has raised serious concern from the authority and the media. Preventive actions are required. Road rage is a form of angry or aggressive driving behaviour by drivers using car or other motor vehicle. The behaviours may include driving in a dangerous and threatening way, tailgating, rude gestures, cutting ...

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Good parenting advice for first time parents

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,984 Words)

Being or becoming a parent is one of the most challenging, yet most natural things people may face during their life. A first-time parent may feel overwhelmed by the situation, therefore it is important to learn from other parents and research carried out in this area. This essay will look at some of the most important pieces of advice that a good parent can have, which will ...

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Mental Exercise And Stimulation Of Muscle Growth Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,984 Words)

When we talk about exercise, many of us just focused on the physically body exercise and overlooked the mentally brain exercise. Our brain work like a director to control actions and thinking. A brain cell, called neurons, connected to each other in the quantity of billions to form the nervous system. The nervous system directs the motion of human to respond to different environment and stimulation. Through ...

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Perception and Individual Decision Making

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,543 Words)

Definition of Perception and the factors that Influence the Process of Perception. Perception is a process in which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. However, what one perceives can be substantially different from objective reality. People's behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. Perceptions have implications for the following in an organization: ...

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The Relation Between Rubber Hand Illusion Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,473 Words)

When and artificial hand is placed in a position compatible with the participant's own posture, i.e. a position that is plausible anatomically with regard to the participant's body, then the combination of visual input from the rubber hand and tactile stimulation to the participant's hidden hand produces the feeling that the rubber hand is part of the body in around half of participants. The incidence of the ...

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Effects of deep and shallow processing on memory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,092 Words)

The depth of processing theory states that information is processed at different levels, which influences cognitive performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of depth of processing on memory recall. Past research investigating the depth of processing theory suggests that words processed at a deeper level are more likely to be remembered than words processed at a shallow level. Random assignment was used ...

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Introduction The History Of Schizophrenia Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,540 Words)

Schizophrenia from the Greek word (schizo) means split and (phrenia) means mind is a psychiatric disorder characterised by positive, negative and cognitive dysfunctions (Andreasen, 1997; Meltzer, 1999a, b; Meltzer et al., 1999; Weinberger and Gallhofer, 1997). These symptoms are characterized by delusions, hallucinations, loss of abstract thinking and difficulty to differentiate between reality and fantasy. In general, symptoms differ from one person to another. Schizophrenia has been ...

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A Look At Behaviorism Then And Now Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,898 Words)

Behaviorism began with Descartes and is considered to be the oldest theory of personality. Descartes saw humans as a machine of sorts, whereas behaviorists viewed humans as some conduit between the environment and behavior. The depth and breadth of this journey can only be briefly touched upon in this analysis but suffice it to say behaviorism arose from men who stood on the shoulders of greatness and ...

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Treatment interventions for the victim of bullying

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

17 Pages (6,555 Words)

Bullying is defined as repeated negative actions over time directed at an individual (Olweus, 2002). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services states that bullying involves an imbalance of power ("Stop bullying now," 2010). Seen as a continuum with teasing at one end and brutal bullying at the other. Another definition of bullying is "ongoing and frequent and includes verbal taunting, name-calling, threats, stealing, and acts ...

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Holistic approach of yoga for health

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

22 Pages (8,564 Words)

In this modern era, we have all the material comforts due to advancements in technology; this rapid progress and technological development has changed the life style of the people, which in turn seems to pose many challenges. Today, one's life style has changed in all aspects, viz physical, mental & social. Mankind suffered from infectious & contagious diseases before 19th century. Thanks to all advances in modern ...

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A Brain Computer Interface Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,510 Words)

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) provides a new communication channel between the human brain and the computer. Current devices for achieving input into the computer mainly require physical or more precisely mechanical operation by the user, e.g. mouse and keyboard. Feedback from the computer is commonly given by audio/visual elements, e.g. speakers and monitors showing GUIs. However, the limitations in terms of usability and accessibility are well understood ...

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Prejudice And Discrimination Continues Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,969 Words)

Prejudice and discrimination continues to be a crucial and compelling topic in the field of psychology. Prejudice is universally defined as an unjust pessimistic mind-set towards a collective group or an affiliate of that group. Stereotypes, which are overviews about a group or its associates that are accurately inaccurate, are a number of values that can convoy the pessimistic beliefs connected with prejudice. According to Jones (1997) ...

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Research into the Porcellio Scaber Investigation

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,052 Words)

Porcellio Scaber are a species of Isopoda, they belong to the phylum Arthropoda and the class Crustacea thus meaning that they are closely related to crab, shrimp and lobster. As Crustacea, Porcellio Scaber do need to remain in moist environments such as compost heaps, under rotting wood and other dark places. Porcellio Scaber tend to behave in ways which are situated around water conservation and they need ...

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Comparison between true experiment and quasi experiment

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,107 Words)

Experiments are basically conducted to determine the cause and effect of a treatment, program or any other implementation. It is done to find out if something works; a test to see if a different method would be better than the previous. They are usually done to find a new way to improve the present situation at hand. For example, in hospitals, a particular group of patients with ...

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Case Study Research And Different Research Methods Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,223 Words)

A research method is a strategy of inquiry which moves from the underlying philosophical assumptions to research design and data collection. The choice of research method influences the way in which the researcher collects data. Specific research methods also imply different skills, assumptions and research practices. Qualitative research is an umbrella concept in which several methods of inquiry inform researchers about naturally occurring phenomena, processes, or perspectives ...

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The concept and definition of job satisfaction

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,963 Words)

Job Satisfaction Introduction The concept of job satisfaction, viewed through different lenses by various scholars, is defined differently. Greenberg and Baron (2008), for instance, viewed job satisfaction as a feeling that can produce a positive or negative effect toward one's roles and responsibilities at work and added that it is important to understand the concept of job satisfaction as there is no single way to satisfy all ...

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Behaviourism And The Psychodynamic Approach Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,549 Words)

Behaviourism is mostly about observable behaviours and views how learning is through association, seen in Classical Conditioning and through behaviour reinforcement, as in Operant Conditioning (B F Skinner, 1938). The Psychodynamic Approach (Sigmund Freud, writing between the 1890s and the 1930s) views all behaviours as being controlled by thought processes of the mind. (Cardwell et al. 2004) Behaviourism primarily looks at behaviours that can be seen, and ...

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The causes and effects of procrastination

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,716 Words)

Procrastination is no stranger to today's culture in time management. Studies conducted by Beswick, Rothblum & Mann, 1988; Gallagher, 1992; Rothblum, Solomon & Murakami, 1986 reports that 40% to over 50% of college students procrastinate. "Procrastination comes from the Latin 'pro', meaning 'forward, forth, or in favor of,' and 'crastinus,' meaning 'of tomorrow'" (Klein, 1971). Based on that, procrastination actually means the action of deferring a task. ...

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Does personality influence our health

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (891 Words)

A wide spread of research has been dedicated by psychologists in the area of personality affecting an individual's health. 'Personality is the set of psychological traits and mechanisms within the individual that are organized and relatively enduring and that influence his or her interactions with and adaptations to the intrapsychic, physical, and social environments (Larsen and Buss, 2004, p.4). In the following essay these aspects will be ...

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Case study based on the cognitive behavioural perspective

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,583 Words)

Aaron T. Beck, the founder of Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) defined it as "an active, directive, time limited approach used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders", (Beck 1979). Beck, inspired by Albert Ellis, developed cognitive therapy in the 1960s after a realization he made while conducting free association with patients in the context of psychoanalysis when he noted that patients had not been reporting certain thoughts ...

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Facial Expression And Emotional Perception Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,276 Words)

Human beings are considered the most intelligent animals on earth. However, it can be said that human babies are relatively helpless and unable to perform basic tasks, compared to the young of other mammals, such as cows and cats, which are able to perform most tasks about two weeks into their lives. Nevertheless, while infants are physically incapable of many tasks, it can be said that their ...

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The definition of stress and its history

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,606 Words)

Stress is defined as an organism's complete reaction to environmental demands or pressures. When stress was initially studied in the middle of the twentieth century, the term was used to refer to both the reason and the experienced effects of these pressures. More recently, however, the term stressor has been used for the inspiration that aggravates a stress response. One continuing discrepancy between researchers concerns the definition ...

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Effects of Personality on Music Preferences in Adolescents

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,446 Words)

Music is a set of lyrics compositing of notes and rhythms which expresses a wide array of feelings which people can relate to, and it can influence people's thoughts, emotions, especially mood (Knobloch and Zillmann, 2002). Researchers have shown interest in people's musical preferences and individual difference variable that relates to personality traits (Cattell & Anderson, 1953; Dollinger, 1993; Little & Zuckerman, 1986; McCown, Keiser, Mulhearn, & ...

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Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Cbt Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,193 Words)

Ciarrochi et al Cognitive behavioural therapy is a psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviours and cognitive processes and contents through a number of goal-oriented, explicit systematic procedures. The name refers to behaviour therapy, cognitive therapy, and to therapy based upon a combination of basic behavioural and cognitive principles and research. Rachman (1997)CBT was primarily developed through an integration of behaviour therapy (the term "behaviour modification" ...

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The origins of the word stress

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,900 Words)

The opening subject of this literature review relates to the origins of the word stress and how pioneer Dr Hans Selye was the catalyst in creating a greater interest on this topic. Following his hypothesis and subsequent definition of the word 'stress', many prominent researchers have delved deeper into the subject to formulate their own assumptions. Clearly, a substantial amount of research has been conducted in this ...

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Bowlbys Theories On Attachment Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,626 Words)

Attachment is typically defined as 'a close, reciprocal, emotional relationship between two persons, characterised by mutual affection and a desire to maintain proximity' Schaffer (1993). In respect of forming a close attachment with a caregiver human attachment promotes on-going survival as this ensures a child will be fed, protected, educated etc. Bowlby's believed that attachment is a basic component of human nature and that we inherit the ...

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The sperm and the egg

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,031 Words)

One day Rosie Egg and Rodney Sperm met at the uterus, a popular hangout for sperm and eggs. While discussing their journey, they found each other's story quite exciting in respect to the organs and process involved in reaching the same hotspot. Rosie began her story by naming the female external sex organs, which provides protection to the vaginal opening as well as sexual stimulation and excitement. ...

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Research Design Location And Research Time Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,558 Words)

This chapter will present the methodological approach and research technique used in this thesis along with how the data will be gathered to find the answer or solutions of the research questions and problems, such as research design, theoretical perspective, data collection method, data analysis method as well as the validity and reliability of the data. Research Design, Location, and Research Time This research was planned and ...

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Methodological Issues In Research Domestic Violence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,900 Words)

A critical review of the methodology used in Hoyle, C Being a nosy bloody cow: ethical and methodological issues in research domestic violence. The chapter of the article I am focusing on looks at 'negotiating access to research subjects' and adapting methodology for a doctoral approach to work. The chapter also looks at who would be appropriate subjects for the research and the appropriate means of getting ...

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The Communication In Autism Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,712 Words)

Human development is essential in ensuring that a person develops required systems and abilities to cope with life. This research paper gives detailed information about autism, including its definition, causes, manifestation, how it affects communication development in children, and possible ways of dealing with the disorder. What is Autism? Autism is a term, which is generally used to refer to a combination of complex disorders, which mainly ...

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Idea Of What Is Normal Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,521 Words)

To be able to categorize and label something as an illness, ailment or an abnormality we first must consider what 'normal' behaviour is and how it can be defined. The dictionary states that normal is 'conforming to the standard or the common type; usual; not abnormal; regular; natural'. As can be seen, the definition of normal itself is very vague, ambiguous and open to interpretation therefore labelling ...

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Theory of the mind and mental disorders

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,101 Words)

In order to have a theory of mind, an intuitive understanding of a persons individual mind and their understanding regarding the mental states of others is a crucial factor to development. This includes the ability to think about thoughts, beliefs and intentions that an individual has made for their own reasons and thinking about the beliefs and minds of other people. According to some developmental psychologists, normally ...

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Concept Of Resilience And Nursing Process Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,578 Words)

On 9th March 2010, I was assigned a 28years old male patient, at Karawan -e- Hayat. He was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. His present complaints were aggression, anger and harming others. He lives in federal B area of Karachi belongs to a middle class family. He was unmarried. According patients relative his mother died of cancer when he was four years old and his maternal aunty married ...

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Critically discuss bronfenbrenners ecological model of child development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,310 Words)

In this assignment, I will describe and critically discuss Bronfenbrenner's (1979) Ecological model of child development. I will look at the background to the model and at each element of it, and then discuss its application and critical analysis pertaining to "vulnerable" children living with disabilities. This will include children who are unable to walk, communicate, or would suffer from complex medical needs, such as severe seizures. ...

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Reflection on self awareness and personal growth

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,331 Words)

The purpose of this essay is for the trainee Counsellor to critically reflect upon, and evaluate, a recorded counselling session which took place on Thursday 2nd April 2009. Within this essay, the trainee Counsellor will evaluate their use of advanced counselling skills and assess the value and usefulness of these skills. In particular, the trainee Counsellor will critically evaluate their own way of being by closely examining ...

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Bf Skinner And His Behaviorism Theory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,095 Words)

The study of human behavior is diverse and many studies have been done trying to find more about human behavior. Many researchers have concluded that human behavior is complex and sometimes unpredictable. The environment is one of the major factors in the development of human behavior. The unpredictability of human behavior tries to show that people are unique and operate on different ideas and backgrounds. In addition, ...

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Child and Adolescent Development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,512 Words)

Several theories have been developed from the five major perspectives used to research child development. These perspectives include psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, contextual, and evolutionary/sociobiological perspectives (Papalia, Olds, & Feldman, 2008). Researchers use theories to explain child development. The theories are important because they propose ideas or explanations to describe development and to predict kinds of behaviors. In this paper, I will discuss and describe three theories of ...

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Relationship between self esteem, depression and anger

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,288 Words)

The relationship between self-esteem, depression and anger has been an ongoing debate among researchers and theorists for years. In fact, self and identity are concerned largely with the question: "Who am I?" and self is blend by both personal and social identities. Self-hood is almost unthinkable outside a social context (Baumeister, 1998). When groups or social identities provide a person with stability, positive meaning or positive distinctiveness ...

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Career Development For Special Populations: Asperger Syndrome

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,310 Words)

To begin, I became very interested in Asperger Syndrome when I was teaching high school. One of my students had been diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome (AS) and had major issues with socialization and communication. Since this was his last year of High School, I wondered what his next step would be after graduation and what guidance (if any) he was getting from the school Guidance Counsellor in ...

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Research Focusing On Self Monitoring Theory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,060 Words)

Self-monitoring theory, proposed by Mark Snyder (1974), is a contribution to the field of psychology of personality. Some people are sensitive to how others see them, while others are less sensitive or not sensitive at all. Self-monitoring is the process through which people regulate their own behavior in order to "look good" so that they will be perceived by others in a favorable manner (Wikipedia). There are ...

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Empathy and genuineness are important in counselling relationship

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,523 Words)

It is essential in any helping relationship to have an anticipation for change. In the counselling relationship it presents as Hope. An optimism that something will develop in order to bring about constructive change in the personality of the client in order for them to be able to facilitate positive change in their lives. As with all processes there may be small events that bring about the ...

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Memory Test For Positive And Negative Words Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,202 Words)

In the subject of Word Memory, many different types of researches have been done in the past. In many of these researches we can find that many different factors affect the way we remember some words. Examples of different factors are familiarity, imageability, arousal, and valence. In this particular study we took a look at one of these factors, negative and positive words. The subjects in this ...

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The Causes Of Eating Disorders Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,625 Words)

An eating disorder is a psychological illness where the subject has an abnormal relationship with food, and has a distorted view himself or herself. Particularly in those who suffer from anorexia and bulimia, there is an obsession with weight loss and food intake. They are also unable to see how self-destructive their behaviour is, and view themselves as too fat even when underweight. (Tighe, 2011)This essay will ...

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The Acquisition Of Spoken Language Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,605 Words)

Before children can make their first word, they have their own way to connect themselves with the world. People often refer to that period as the pre linguistic stage. Pre linguistics refers to a certain stage "before a child has a linguistic system for acquiring language" (Wetherby, Warren, & Reichle, 1998, p4). It usually lasts from 0-13 months and ends when children say their first meaningful words ...

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A study on the bobath concept

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,947 Words)

The Bobath Concept was established by the physiotherapist Berta Bobath and her husband Dr Bobath. Prior to the Bobath Concept emphasis was put on an orthopaedic approach using a range of treatments including massage, heat and splints (Raine, 2009, p.1). However, whilst treating a stroke patient, Berta Bobath found that facilitating movement in the affected limb had a profound effect on regaining function and with input from ...

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Dimension In Big Five Personality Traits Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,675 Words)

Based on the theory that had been done by Goldberg the dimension in big five personality traits which are neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, agreebleness and conscientiousness. The different personality can give impact positively and negatively on the employees job satisfactions. According to Paola and Antonio (2012) stated that job satisfaction is an attitute of individuals about their job that can be positive or negative depend on ...

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What is meant by the term infantile amnesia

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,518 Words)

The term 'infantile amnesia' refers to the inability of adults to retain and recall information from events in the early years of their childhood. Infantile amnesia does not account for all memories, but the lack of memories throughout childhood. Research on memories and free recall studies found that people find it difficult to remember events before the average age of 3.5 years. Although research has shown that ...

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Forming First Impressions Of People Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,328 Words)

There has been lots of research trying to identify whether judgements of peoples personality based on appearance are accurate. Studies testing this often show that accuracy for most traits but especially when judging people for extraversion is often high. Hall et al. (2008) found the accuracy for judging traits, such as extraversion, were a lot more accurate thanÂ judgingÂ states, such as emotions. However, this study was done in ...

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Adaptive theory and the restorative theory of sleep

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,754 Words)

Sleep is known as the circadian rhythms it's mean sleep-wake cycle. One cycle is one day and controlled by the hypothalamus. Sleep is very important to each person. There are 2 theories about sleep which is the adaptive theory and the restorative theory. The adaptive theory of sleep explaining about when we need sleep otherwise sleep at night to keep out of danger and converse the energy. ...

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Personal Theoretical Perspective And Emerging Counseling Style Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,111 Words)

My passion for counseling has always been with addictions and the families involved in supporting someone in recovery. I consider my personal theory of counseling ever changing and integrative in the approach. I am open to various ways of implementing diverse theories and techniques and experienced that clients can benefit from a variety of ways in conducting therapy. However, my base theory derived from a combination of ...

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CASE STUDY: Teenage Stress and Depression

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,799 Words)

Stress among adolescents that leads to depression will be discussed in this paper. Stress is defined as a major burden in teenage life and is illustrated on how this can stimulate the development of depression, a more severe case of stress, in which teenagers become overwhelmed with a mix of emotions. These two conditions are compared among their characteristics that identify them from each other. The growth ...

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Can We Predict Suicide And Self Harm Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,991 Words)

Suicide is "the act of killing oneself deliberately" and parasuicide is a deliberate injury inflicted ob oneself resembling a suicide attempt but which is unlikely to be intended to be successful (Coleman, 2009). Self harm, however, is when people purposefully cause themselves harm without the drive to want to die. Skegg (2005) uses the term self harm to describe a large number of behaviours and intentions "including ...

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Psychological Ethical Egoism

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,123 Words)

A Comparative Analysis of Psychological and Ethical Egoism This essay is a comparative analysis of ethical egoism and psychological egoism. In order to clearly set the direction of this paper, I would first render the meaning these two concepts. Afterwards, I would explicate the strengths and weaknesses of psychological egoism and discuss the two versions of ethical egoism. Upon doing so, this paper would present the contrasting ...

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The Effects Of Classical Music On Learning Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,832 Words)

This study aims to investigate the integration of music in classroom helps students to perform better in exams and does integrating classical music in classroom is better than jazz music in helping students to perform in exams. Two research methods (non-experimental design and experimental design) have been proposed to test the two hypotheses respectively. In the non-experimental design, 40 participants will be interviewed while 200 participants will ...

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Social Comparison Theory And Drive For Self Evaluation Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,964 Words)

Define, describe, exemplify, and discuss the main concepts in psychological literature on social comparison. Explain how the social comparison findings, methodology, and theorizing have evolved since the publication of Leon Festingers theory in 1954. Write about the interaction between affect and social comparison. Social comparison theory, based on ones drive for self-evaluation, was first coined by Leon Festinger (1954). It describes a motivation held by individuals to ...

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History Of Positive Psychology Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,398 Words)

Positive psychology places emphasis on the more upbeat experiences, individual traits, and organizations that can enhance the development of these experiences and traits. This field aims to broaden the focus of clinical psychology beyond simply relieving the symptoms of common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety and bring attention to a person's positive characteristics and strengths (Snyder Lopez, 2002). According to Barrett and Ollendick (2004) positive ...

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The History Of Child Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,437 Words)

There is a major belief that during the developmental process of a child they tend to asks more questions and are more inquisitive about almost everything they see and hear. At this stage it is always best, if as a parent or guardian you can figure the best way to reply. In the process of their growing up they encounter a lot of life experiences. Some they ...

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Multi Store Model And Levels Of Processing Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,470 Words)

During this assignment the memory models that will be compared are Attkinson and Shiffrin's (1970) multi- store model and Craik and Lockhart's (1972) Levels of processing. We will not only be comparing the memory models but also evaluating and looking at the opposing studies. The case studies and theorists that are looked at develop very supportive and detailed views although not all studies will be necessarily correct ...

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Analyzing Both Audio And Visual Subliminal Advertising Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,552 Words)

In order to make good business, setting a lower price, coming up with better quality or more attractive design is not enough. It is extremely important to effectively use advertisement as a persuasive weapon. However, when all traditional ways have been tried out and the results still are not as expected, there is one more option left called subliminal advertising. It can be described as a type ...

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analyse and reflect in a critical way on my use of counselling:

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,707 Words)

skills. It is based on the transcript of a counselling skills practice session that took place between me (in the role of counsellor) and Mrs M. Krielaart, a fellow course member (in the role of my client). Three observers were also in attendance. The transcript records the progress of the opening ten minutes of our first counselling session. I chose this transcript for the purposes of the ...

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How occupational stress affects employee’s Job Satisfaction

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,068 Words)

ABSTRACT The study mainly focuses on the empirical evidence on the nature and its effects of some selected occupational stress indicators and their impacts on some Human Resource Management practices (HRM) in relation to employee's job satisfaction of various organization like Sainsbury, Morrison's, Asda, Aldi and Lidl. The analysis will be done by collecting data through the novel survey on reliable & selected occupational Stress Index (O.S.I) ...

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