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An Evaluation Of A Parental Behavior Questionnaire

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,191 Words)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factorial structure of the Parental Behavior Questionnaire (PBS; Van Leeuwen & Vermulst, 2004) in a Latin sample and to inspect associatons between the GPBS and some parent (Socioeconomic Status, Mother Educational Level), child (gender) and context (type of school) variables. Informants were 586 Peruvian families (mostly mothers) that completed the 45 items scale regarding one target child attending ...

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Det humanistiska perspektivet

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,068 Words)

A Det humanistiska perspektivet inriktar sig framförallt på förståelse, inlevelse och tolkning istället för statistiska samband och allmänna lagar. Humanismen anser att människan är "fri" snarare än styrd (deterministisk). Inom humanismen är begreppet existensialistisk fenomenologi centralt, och det betyder att det är individens personliga upplevelse av verkligheten som är viktigast, inte den objektiva mätbara verkligheten. Humanisterna ansåg att det inte går att utforma lagar som gäller alla ...

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Deep Acting And Surface Acting Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,758 Words)

Mans thoughts and actions are usually mastered by emotions, which are typical of human experience. Managing emotions at work is termed as emotional labor and it controls of a person's behavior and attitude to display the required emotions. On the other word, when an individual performs emotional work as a required part of his job performance, it is called emotional labor and Hochschild also described a set ...

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The limitations of two approaches in counseling

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,192 Words)

There are different counseling approaches and their main goal being that of helping a client from any presenting problem/s he/she might be encountering. The approaches in counseling include Psychodynamic approaches of Freud's Instinct Theory. The analytic Theory of Carl Gustav Jung, Object Relations, Theory of klein, Winnicott and Fairbairn, the Primal Theory of Authert Janov and the Ethno-Psychoanalysis in African Settings by K Peltzer. The other branch ...

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Organizational Stress And Job Satisfaction In the Workplace Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,441 Words)

Introduction Job Stress is quite common scenario now. Organizational stress or job stress is defined as the problem which not only affects a worker's physical condition but also emotionally. It has been notified that 90% of such cases are formed due to imbalance in job responsibility and its outcome. The paper discusses the different condition in which organizational stress is experiences by a worker, what are its ...

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Theories of adolescence

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,794 Words)

Adolescence is the developmental stage between childhood and adulthood; "The period of development from the onset of puberty to the attainment of adulthood. This begins with the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, usually between the ages of 11 and 13 years of age (Colman 2006). It represents the period of time during which a person experiences a variety of biological changes and involves a dramatic transitions in ...

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Explore the psychodynamic and Humanistic approach

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,984 Words)

In this essay I will assess and explore the psychodynamic and Humanistic approach. I will evaluate them contrast their strengths and weakness ,and give my personal opinion in which one I felt is better for treatment of the human behavior. The psychodynamic approach was started by Sigmund Freud. He has had an enormous impact on psychology, and even now his work his referred in the psychologist literature. ...

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Decay or Interference: A Review of Literature

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,564 Words)

Forgetting in short-term memory is a long disputed area in human memory research. Two competing theories are that forgetting is a result of time-related decay of the memory items or traces or that this forgetting is actually the result of interference generated by the encoding of new information. Within these two theories there are many models that attempt to predict when and how memory items and traces ...

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Inter Generational Theory Of Abuse Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,607 Words)

The inter-generational theory of abuse is a widely accepted notion by professionals and lay people alike. This theory suggests that children exposed to physical, emotional or sexual abuse will subject their offspring to a one of these forms of maltreatment. However, the evidence that undermines this theory is too large to ignore. The evidence that supports this hypothesis refers to abused children becoming juvenile delinquents and the ...

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Learning Apa Format For Students Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,527 Words)

In this paper we will explore how to properly format an APA style paper. This example will be of use to introductory psychology students who have never had any exposure to APA format. For senior students, this paper may serve as a useful reminder of the key elements of APA style. Frequently, students are required to write psychology papers. However, in doing so, there are two broad ...

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A comparison of theories in childhood development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,961 Words)

This paper attempts to describe Psychosocial, Social learning and Cognitive-stage theories of development in children. It considers the features the similarities and differences of each and how we can utilize the ideas of each of these in our child-rearing strategies. The paper also considers aspects of the emotional, physical and cognitive development of children. It discusses how, as parents, we have the primary role in guiding our ...

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The Effect of Instrumental Music on Recall Memory of Words

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,725 Words)

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of instrumental and non instrumental music on memory recall. 30 subjects were shown slides of words with non-instrumental music. After a 3-minute filler task, the subjects were given one minute to recall the words. The same procedure was repeated with slides of words with instrumental music. Nearly all the subjects could recall more words if instrumental music were used ...

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Dreams Of Victims Of Physical And Sexual Abuse Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,353 Words)

Nearly a third of the human life is spent sleeping. Sleep usually follows a pattern or cycle during the course of the night that includes REM and non-REM sleep. The beginning of REM sleep also marks the beginning of dreaming (Myers, 2007). A dream is traditionally viewed as a series of images, pictures, feelings and thoughts that pass through the sleeping individuals mind. This could be accompanied ...

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Testing distance on visual acuity measures

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,544 Words)

PURPOSE: Visual Acuity is one of the most important baseline examinations of any ophthalmic investigation; however the method of carrying out this test varies between clinicians from chart type to distance of testing. There is limited evidence available correlating the results of measurements between these distances. This student will establish a comparison of Visual Acuity (VA) measurements at 3 meters and at 6 meters. It will also ...

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Developmental Advantages And Disadvantages Of Infant Day Care Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,791 Words)

Day care has been a popular choice for child care for a lot of parents; most people with children have busy lives and need to work in order to provide for their family, so they must leave their children in the care of somebody. Some parents choose different options over day care for their infants including staying home with them themselves, hiring a nanny or babysitter or ...

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Emotion In Adulthood And Old Age Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,160 Words)

When asked about how one feels, ones response will be quite different depending on ones age. Depending on how they respond, we can evaluate the individuals self-esteem and determine how they feel based on their age. Positive affect and negative affect can influence one's emotion. There is evidence that "suggests that positive affect rises from youth through young and then older adulthood, but may decline after one's ...

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Self Concept And Self Esteem Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,249 Words)

People not grow only in age, size, knowledge or skill but also in their awareness of themselves as persons. This consciousness is called self or self concept. By self means the conscious reflection of one's own identity, as an individual separate from other or environment. There are a variety of ways to think about the self. Two of the most widely used terms are self-concept and self-esteem. ...

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Strengths and limitations of conformity and obedience

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,719 Words)

Social influence is the influence of social factors on behaviour. This refers to the effect others have on the way people think and behave. Conformity and obedience are major aspects of social influence. Conformity and obedience have an important factor in common; both involve changes in a person's behaviour due to social pressure. They differ in from one another in important ways. Obedience involves a direct requirement ...

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Process Of Cross Domain Mapping Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,484 Words)

The conceptual metaphor theory studies the cognitive process of cross-domain mapping. Discuss the mechanism of metaphoric mapping. In particular, you should address the difference between linguistic metaphors and conceptual metaphors; (b) the relationship between primary metaphors and compound metaphors; and (c) the relationship between conceptual metaphors and the embodied experiences Metaphor 'is the phenomenon whereby we talk and think about one thing in terms of another, as ...

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Mental Health And Disability Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,722 Words)

Disability is a vague term for any condition that has affected a person's capacity to function and carry out normal daily life activities for a period of more than twelve months (Thomas, 2010). Therefore disability encompasses many conditions and it can be subdivided into further four subgroups, which are physical, psychological, cognitive and social disorders (Thomas, 2010). Consequently it is important to understand the social aspects that ...

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The Background And History Of Bullying Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,834 Words)

Bullying can lead suicide and death, According to Centers for Disease Control suicide is caused death number three in adolescent. Study by Yale University (2008) adolescent that became victim of bullying 2 to 9 times more likely concider to suicide. Suicide case related bullying must be prevent, this situation contrary with the reality that even bullying occurs in school, but sometimes people does not aware or just ...

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The Nature Nurture Debate Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,733 Words)

In the history of psychology one of the oldest arguments is the Nature-Nurture debate with regard to what makes us human beings different from each-other: our genes or our environment, and which one of these sides contributes more to a person's psychological and physical development. The Nature -Nurture debate was introduced in the late IX Century by one of the first experimental psychologists Francis Galton in his ...

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Attachment theory and influence on childrens emotional development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,153 Words)

Attachment theory focuses on how attachments are formed, in the very earliest months and years of life. These have a significant influence on emotional development, as well as providing a template for the child as he or she grows, into adulthood and into parenthood. Psychologists talk about attachment behaviour and define an attachment as. ` A close emotional relationship between two persons, characterized by mutual affection and ...

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Traits Are Powerful Predictors Of Behavior Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,664 Words)

The essay of traits are powerful predictors of behavior has indicated both point and counterpoint. Simple say, for the point, it indicted that people's traits are consistent in different situations so that their traits can be predicted their behavior; while for the counterpoint, it indicated that people's traits will change in response to organization situation. In my point of view, I tend to support the point, which ...

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Characteristics In Autism Children Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,349 Words)

Approximately one in every 88 children in the United States has been diagnosed with Autism, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder of unusual social and communication behaviors that begins in early life (Peterson and Barbel, 2013). This type of disorder has been more prevalent in recent years, occurring primarily in children. Even though many researchers have not yet found the exact cause of ...

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Friendliness and perception of social support

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,667 Words)

Generally, this study investigate whether local student perceived more social support as compared to out-of-state student and to examine the relationship between friendliness and social support. A total of 120 participants aged between 17 to 24 years was surveyed. The participants are local college student (n=30 males and n=30 females) and out-of-state college student (n=30 males and n=30 females) from the Sunway University College. The instrument used ...

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Evaluation of the psychometric properties of type indicators

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,670 Words)

Psychometrics, in layman's term, means measurement of psychological constructs. To elucidate, it is a field of psychology concerned with the theory and technique of educational and psychological measurement, including measurement of knowledge, abilities, attitudes and personality traits. It is concerned with construction and validation of measurement instruments such as questionnaires, tests and personality assessments (Jung, 1971) . Psychometrics as a science began in Cambridge between 1886 and ...

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Multitasking span measures and working memory capacity

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,062 Words)

The primary objective of this study was to examine whether verbal and spatial working memory capacity correlates with multitasking efficiency. Other studies have found a relationship between working memory and multi tasking such as Law (2006) whose findings suggested that the central executive and the phonological loop component of working memory were implicated by a test of multitasking. To test this thirty two first year psychology student ...

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Study On John Watsons Behaviorist Program

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,039 Words)

John B. Watson set out to change the landscape of psychology and to make it a viable scientific endeavor. The goal of Watson was to change psychology's focus or definition from the study of the consciousness to the study of behavior (Hothersall, 2004). Watson argued that to study the consciousness was like studying a ghost. His point was that it's difficult to study something that those who ...

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Comparison Between Psychodynamic Therapy And Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,383 Words)

In this essay, Psychodynamic therapy will be described and its key theories and concepts explained. How these concepts and theories are applied in clinical practice will be evidenced by the use of published case material to explicitly illustrate these points. There will also be a discussion on how a Cognitive Behaviour Therapy practitioner might have approached this particular client differently. Psychodynamic therapy is the oldest of the ...

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Triangle Love Intimacy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (991 Words)

Triangle of Love Robert J. Sternberg, psychologist and dean of the Tufts School of Arts and Sciences proposed a triangular theory of love that suggests that there are three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment. Different combinations of these three components result in different types of love. For example, a mixture of intimacy and commitment results in compassionate love, while a mixture of passion and intimacy ...

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Psychodynamic Theory Founded By Sigmund Freud Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,087 Words)

The following essay will analyse the Psychodynamic theory founded by Sigmund Freud. It will focus on the components of the mind including the Conscious, the pre-conscious proper and the Unconscious. It will then examine his contribution into the structure of Personality with reference to The' Id', 'Ego' and 'Super-ego'. Following this, the essay will discuss Freud's proposal of stages within his 'psychosexual development'. The essay will then ...

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Evaluation of wells attention training technique

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,594 Words)

An attention training technique has previously been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression amongst otherwise healthy individuals. The proposed study will use a multiple baseline design to investigate whether these benefits are replicated when the attention training technique is used with people with acquired brain injury. The study will also investigate whether participants demonstrate neuropsychological improvements in cognition after completing the programme of attention training. ...

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The lifespan developmental stages of infancy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,644 Words)

During the lifespan developmental stages of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood, new needs and stressors arise which if not dealt with appropriately can lead to dysfunctional personality styles and relationships in adulthood. As a future social psychologist interested in conducting research on violent offenders and high risk occupations I was particularly interested in learning about the influence of each stage of development on personality styles. The ...

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Children With Mental Retardation And Self Esteem Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,488 Words)

The World Health Organization (WHO) of the United Nations Organization (UNO) in the International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems defines Mental Retardation as A condition of arrested or incomplete development of mind, which is especially characterized by impairment of skills manifested during the developmental period, skills which contribute to the overall level of intelligence i.e., cognitive language, motor and social abilities. Retardation can occur ...

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Proposal for thesis occupational stress

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,849 Words)

How occupational stress affects employee's job satisfaction? A research in the occupational stress and human resource management practices in the organization. ABSTRACT This study will present the empirical evidence on the nature and effects of some selected occupational stress indicator and its impact on some human resource management practices (HRM) in relation to employee's job satisfaction of a organization (Alpha Mega/Carrefour/any other organizations). For the analysis, data ...

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Clarifying the basic principles of freuds theories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,442 Words)

it is important to be clear about the meanings of certain terms that you may come across and throughout the handout you will find footnotes clarifying certain terms. Firstly though, a word about the terms psychoanalysis and psychodynamics. Psychoanalysis refers to both Freud's original attempt at providing a comprehensive theory of the mind and also to the associated treatment. The term encompasses both Freudian theory and therapy. ...

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Neurons; semi-permeable membrane

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (855 Words)

Neurons are covered by a semi-permeable membrane that contains Ion Channels. These ion channels open and close to let positive ions, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+), and negative ions, like chlorine (Cl-), enter the neuron. Ion channels are closed when the neuron is not transmitting information or is resting. Using a device called the oscilloscope, neuroscientists have found that the Resting Potential of a neuron ...

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Perception Provide Practical Benefits Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,877 Words)

There are numerous stimuli trying to attract peoples attention, and people pick out the stimulus which seems important and ignore the others. Perception is the sensory experience of the world around people and involves both the recognition of environmental stimuli and actions in response to these stimuli. (Wagner, 2005) It means perception can not only create people's understand of the environment around them, but also let people ...

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The Counting Stroop And The Interference Effect

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,841 Words)

An experiment based on the work of Bush, Whalen, Rosen, Jenike, McInerney and Rauch (1998), was performed to determine whether there would be a difference in the reaction times of the participants when they counted number words (e.g., "two written three times"), and animal words (e.g., "bird written twice"). In the present experiment participants were tested under two different conditions: Number Condition (e.g., "33333"), and Control Condition, ...

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The Decrease Leg Shaking Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,753 Words)

Anxiety is a normal emotion, and we all encounter anxiety in certain situations that causes us be anxious. When we are anxious, we would experience physical symptoms arising in response to anxiety ( Ginsburg, Riddle, & Davies, 2006; Roth, Antony, & Swinson, 1999), such as "muscle tension and stomachache" which affect our everyday lives, known as somatic symptoms (Ginsburg et al., 2006). Social anxiety is a disorder ...

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Clark Beck Obsessive compulsive inventory Test

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,852 Words)

Clack Beck Obsessive compulsive inventory test intent to find out relationship between one's personality disorder and how it affects one's interpersonal relation. This research has two main purposes. First, this study will observe the relation between personality disorder and interpersonal troubles by using information gather from one's self report and group of people who relate to person who has personality disorder. Second, this research will closely look ...

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What is intelligence

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,657 Words)

Abstract What is Intelligence? This has been a question for as long as we have been able to recognize humans have minds to think. Today there are as many explanations of intelligence as there are people trying to study and understand it. For arguments sake let's use the definition of intelligence, as the ability to learn about, learn from, understand, and interact with one's environment (Sternberg, 2003). ...

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What Is The Perception Of Adolescence Regarding Cigarettes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,692 Words)

Smoking among adolescence is an issue that affects countries worldwide. It is now well established that most of the adult users of tobacco start tobacco use in childhood or adolescence. One of the major problems with smoking has to do with the chemical content in cigarettes which is nicotine. Someone can get addicted to nicotine within a few days of first using it. The nicotine content in ...

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Study on Mendelian Genetics and Genetic Traits

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,416 Words)

Mendel's Law is the study about how a certain characteristics are transmitted from one generation to another in an organism. This study was derived from an Austrian monk, Gregor Mendel (1822 'C 1884) who is considered as the father of genetics. He believed that natural laws such as those that govern inheritance could be explained as mathematical relationships. In his experiments, Mendel used ordinary pea plants to ...

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Two Personality Traits Negative And Positive Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

18 Pages (6,979 Words)

Two personality traits, negative and positive urgency, reflect individual differences in the disposition to engage in rash action when experiencing extreme negative and positive mood. However, research into the effect of positive, neutral and negative mood on rash behaviour is limited. Forty-one participants engaged in a within-subjects design, whereby three mood states (positive, neutral, negative) were manipulated through film clips shown in a counterbalanced order. Participants rated ...

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Comparison Of Memory Models Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,521 Words)

This assignment is going to compare the multi-store model Atkinson and shiffrins (1968) and levels of processing Craik and Lockhart (1972) there is evidence to support both theories and evidence against. The essay will firstly describe the multi-store model with several studies including Baddeley (1966) Peterson and Peterson (1959) and then a brief description of the levels of processing model with Craik and Tulving's(1971) and Tyler et ...

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Spiritual Well-Being and Mental Health

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,460 Words)

Background: Adolescents are vulnerable to various mental health problems. The existing body ofÂ knowledge on the role of spirituality on adolescents' mental health status is limited and disjointed. Purpose: The main aim of this study was to examine impact of spirituality on adolescents' mental health problems, after controlling for possible sociodemographic factors. Methods: A total of 1190 Malaysian adolescents selected through a multistage proportional stratified random technique from ...

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Aggression Nature Or Nurture Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,686 Words)

Human aggression is the display of behaviors aimed at harming or destroying the target. The study of aggression and its causes is a complex one as it implies a broad array of triggers, causes, stressors and connections among them and requires an interdisciplinary approach. In analyzing the biological causes of aggression there has been in the past diffidence due to the risk that its simple concept may ...

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Physical development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,694 Words)

The major milestones related to physical development in adolescence are rapid physical growth and change, which is referred to as the adolescent growth spurt. The height and weight drastically increases in adolescents, causing the individual to be viewed as adult sized. During these physical changes, the adolescent views themselves differently and it changes the view that they have of themselves. The onset of puberty that occurred in ...

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Autistic Spectrum Disorder And Offending Behaviour Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,317 Words)

Speculation is evident within both popular media and scientific literature regarding a possible association in the relationship between Autistic Spectrum Disorder and offending behaviour. The possible presence of antisocial and criminal behaviour in a sub-sample of individuals with Asperger syndrome has been of high interest to both psychological research and the general public. The research reviewed within this study suggests that people with Autistic spectrum disorders are ...

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What Determines Human Intelligence Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,284 Words)

Has one ever wondered what determines human intelligence, one's intelligence or the intelligence of others? Why are there geniuses like Albert Einstein, Isaac Newton, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart? As a child, my parents always pointed out child geniuses on television and in the news, and over the years I have developed an interest in the human brain and our intelligence. In school, I have learned about the ...

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Different Views About Test Anxiety Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,272 Words)

Walter (2002) describes test as an intentional capacity to explore the interest level, information, ability and tasks achievement. According to Cronbach, (1980) a test is an organized method for weigh against the behavior of two or more people. According to (Cronbach, 1980) A test is an organized method for weigh against the behavior of two or more people. There are varieties of tests which include the following:- ...

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Adolescents And Their Coping Strategies In Diabetes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,618 Words)

Adolescence can be a difficult time when persons have to be confronted with several developmental tasks such as increase autonomy from parents and mounting peer interaction. (Luyckx et al. 2010, 1424 -1429). Adolescence is characterized by speedy biological, physical, cognitive, emotional, and societal transformations. (Grey 2011, 70). Being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes compels numerous supplementary burdens on the young person, occupying all facets of his or ...

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Origin Of The Adlerian Theory Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,641 Words)

Alfred Adler, M.D. (1870-1937), a physician and originator of the Adlerian Theory, thought that healthy families and communities rest on a foundation of mutual respect. While Adler may have initially been a colleague of Freud, basic theoretical differences ultimately split the two and allowed Adler to continue the pursuit of his Adlerian Theory (Individual Psychology). Adler was the first to take note of the immense importance of ...

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Attachment Theory Analysis Development And Application Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,891 Words)

This paper focuses on the concept of attachment theory. We begin with an analysis of what it is and its development and the founders and important people who have applied and developed it. We then present its applications in the modern psychology. Attachment can be defined as the emotional bond that connects one person with another. This theory was first advanced by psychologist John Bowl by and ...

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Life satisfaction in middle and aging adults

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,455 Words)

This is a study to find out the differences between middle adults and aging adults in their self esteem and what the relationship between self-esteem and life-satisfaction .There are 50 male (50%) and 50 female (50%) subjects, age ranged from 40 to 77 with a mean of 57.6, 50% of participants is in middle age (Age from 40-59 years old) category (N=50) while another 50% of them ...

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The development of theory of mind in children

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,769 Words)

Theory of mind (ToM) is a specific cognitive ability to understand that other people have different intentions, desires and beliefs to one's own. Theory of mind has been argued to be an innate, potential human ability but requires things such as language, social interaction and experience to develop. However the precise age in which ToM develops has come under some scrutiny, with many psychologists arguing it does ...

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Exploring how police officers cope with psychological outcomes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,298 Words)

This section is divided into two parts. First part discusses background of the study, its context and aims. The other part focuses on the literature review. INTRODUCTION How the research Idea developed I have been working in area of psychological testing and assessment. One of my projects was to identify police/security personnel as mentally fit to be selected for deputation on sensitive positions. While analysis, I realized ...

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The Observational Learning Have Four Main Processes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,864 Words)

In the Banduras Social Learning Theory, we know that it was focus on the observational learning and also personality. However, Rotters Social Learning Theory is not only a trait theory, it was also a "process" theory that was focuses on single dimension of personality. (Johnson et al.) The violence behavior is always caused by long term repeated exposed to the violent media or people who react violent. ...

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The Relevance Of Cognitive Psychology Today Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,410 Words)

The term behaviorism was founded by John B Watson. It refers to the school of psychology that believes that all behaviors can be measured, changed and trained. Behaviorism also known as behavioral psychology it based on that theory that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Conditioning happens through interaction with the environment. Behaviorists believes that the responses to environment stimulus shapes the behavior. Behaviorists ignore mental processes ...

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The Ontology And Epistemology Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,727 Words)

Research has been perceived at different angles ranging from utilitarian, technical and professional views, while some see it as a mere gathering of information or ordinary fact - finding exercise, others see it as a process of moving facts from one form to another. However, according to Cohen and Manion, 1994 (in Nicholas Walliman, 2001 pg 10), 'Research is a combination of both experience and reasoning and ...

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Characteristics Of The Lifespan Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,604 Words)

The theories to be discussed will explain the main characteristics of the key life stages in each approach being used, as well as analyzing the principle theories of development. The theories to be discussed are psychoanalytic Erikson vs. Freud, The cognitive Piaget vs. The Sociocultural Vygotsky and then to compare and contrast the characteristics of the psychodynamic against cognitive. There are eight life stages that an individual ...

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Bipolar Disorder: Roles of neurotransmitters and signal transduction

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

18 Pages (7,114 Words)

This systematic review provides a critical insight into the biochemical aetiology of bipolar disorder. It presents an overview of the findings collected from various researches which investigate the abnormalities in neurotransmitter systems and signal transduction system. The results confirm hypothesises established in earlier theories of the causes of Bipolar disorder form pharmacological investigations. However these results are correlation, culmination of these variables and others such as environmental ...

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Existential Humanistic And Career Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,366 Words)

This essay will review and analyze person-centered and existential approaches and career development theories of John L. Holland and John D. Krumboltz and catalogue the significant understanding of theoretical dynamics and application of techniques/strategies during counselling relationship. The common thread that runs through the existential-humanistic theories and career counselling theories works on unifying theme of understanding human existence, career concerns and experiential approaches to counselling. Practice by ...

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Fear Of Failure Among College Athletes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,227 Words)

In sport, motivation and fear of failure are among the vital determinants of an athletes performance. The current study aims to study the role of gender on the type of motivation and the level of fear of failure among college athletes. The sample would be athletes between the ages of 18 - 25 and who are a part of their college sports team. The Sports Motivation Scale ...

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study of humanistic psychotherapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,209 Words)

Humanistic psychology was introduced in the 1950's as a movement to bring psychology to an understanding of what it means to be a person. The theory took psychology beyond unconscious thoughts, beliefs or behavioral responses to stimuli to a process of understanding free will, feelings ethics and relationships with others. The purpose of this paper is to develop an appreciation and understanding of humanistic psychotherapy, its origins, ...

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Case study: molecular phylogenetics

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,181 Words)

Phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary associations involving diverse groups of organisms. Such evolutionary relationships are discovered through molecular and morphological data matrices. The term phylogenetics is a self descriptive term of Greek origin which means "tribe, or race related by birth". Identification, classification, and naming of organisms have been opulently informed by phylogenetics. Phylogenetics and taxonomy overlap in the science of Phylogenetic systematic. In Biology, most ...

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Research design and philosophy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,086 Words)

Punch (1998: 66) defines 'research design' as situating the researcher in the empirical world, and connecting the research questions to data. Undertaking a social evaluation of such magnitude requires thorough consideration of various research paradigms as well as ontology and epistemology which provide understanding of the social world and consider the perception of and assumptions about reality thus affecting the way this social research is undertaken. Furthermore, ...

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Kohuts Self Psychology Integrative Model Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,755 Words)

To answer the questions I am going to explore and discuss Kohuts Self Psychology Integrative model and Clarksons 5 Relationship Integrative model. I will then discuss these approaches in relation to my personal growth and the counselling process. The Self psychology integrative model was created by Heinz Kohut (M. Kahn 1990). Kohut believed that for a person to fully develop three main needs, need to be met. ...

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Interference and remembering words in short term memory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,264 Words)

The study of memory is based on cognitive psychology, which is basically a branch of psychology that studies mental processes including how people think, perceive, remember and learn. Studies by Godden and Baddeley aimed to test out whether we need cues to help us recall information and could support the idea that we do lose some information in the short-term memory. In their experiment they used total ...

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How Genes Determine Behavioural Phenotypes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,818 Words)

Studying the molecular evidence for the inheritance of animal behaviour involves understanding how genotypes affect phenotypic traits. A phenotype consists of all the observable properties and characteristics of an individual (gg). This includes behavioural characteristics such as intelligence (gg). The genotype which influences the phenotypes is made up an individual's entire complement of DNA (gg). An individual's environment along with its genotype affects the phenotype displayed (gg). ...

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Study on Childhood Adversities and Resilience

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,434 Words)

Resilience can be understood as the capacity of a child to deal effectively with stress and pressure, to cope with everyday challenges, to rebound from disappointments, mistakes, trauma, and adversity, to develop clear and realistic oneself and others with respect and dignity. (P. 297) This paper focuses on the risks and adversities which affect the resilient capacities of the child as familial adversities and exosystemic and sociodemographic ...

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Corrections for Range Restriction and Attenuation Effects

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,693 Words)

One of the most pervasive methodological problems in the educational and psychological field entails determination of the techniques which are to be used in assessing the nature and strength of the relationship between various measures. Of course, the correlation coefficient has provided the field with a viable statistical tool for solving this problem. Unfortunately, in some instances the appropriateness of correlational techniques may be limited by the ...

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Early attachment relationships affect on young children

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,750 Words)

The study of child development is a complex undertaking. As with any study of human interaction, the examination of how children form intimate relationships in their formative years raises concerted argument and debate. In sociological terms it has long been accepted that the social relationships which one forges from an early age directly serve to affect development in adolescence and adulthood (Berk, 2008). However, given that young ...

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The Psychodynamic And The Biological Perspectives Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,138 Words)

Michael's behaviour can be described using the psychodynamic perspective. This has its roots in Freud's psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud ( 1856-1939) was born in Czechoslovakia (Nicholas, 2008). His interest in neuroanatomy lead him to believe that behaviour is caused by an unconscious conflict between our instincts and the social norms of life (Naidoo, Townsend & Carolissen, 2008). According to Freud, instincts are life's driving forces and they focus ...

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Criminal Profiling Is Effective Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,115 Words)

The service of psychologists concerning crime investigation, management and prevention in numerous countries are used frequently by the police agencies. In the last decade, the assistance from psychologists within the UK can be termed as behavioural investigative advice (Alison, 2005). Criminal profiling regardless of the anxieties that surrounds its efficiency, it has continuously been a criminal investigation instrument. Henceforth, criminal profiling is related normally along with enquiry ...

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Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,086 Words)

This essay provides a critical analysis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and Conduct Disorder (CD), providing justification for whether they should be considered distinct disorders in the next iteration of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, DSM-V. Firstly, the current DSM-IV definitions of these disorders will be outlined. Changes to these definitions throughout different DSM iterations will be discussed, along with the evidence base for these changes. The ...

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History Of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,539 Words)

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a syndrome of emotional lability, Parkinsonism, ataxia, and cognitive impairment suffered by athletes who undergo repetitive concussive and subconcussive blows to the head (Cantu 2007). Owing to its initial discovery in boxers, CTE has been various known as "punch drunk," "dementia pugilistica," and "psychopathic deterioration of pugilist." This paper will discuss the history of research into this fascinating topic, starting with the ...

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Why do people play computer games

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,810 Words)

Video and computer games, like many popular, entertaining and addicting kid activities are looked down upon by many parents as time-wasters, and worse, parents think that these games rot the brain. Also, the media and some experts readily blame violent video games as the reason why some youth become violent or commit extreme anti-social behavior. But many scientists and psychologists find that video games actually have many ...

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Human beings are social creatures

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,496 Words)

Human beings are social creatures. Our interaction with another is important as it provides us with a vast amount of information necessary to carry out daily activities. With the amount of information that is available to us at one time, the human mind has naturally developed shortcuts that allow us to function more efficiently in a social world. One function of human interaction is the ability to ...

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Body Image Dissatisfaction And Eating Attitudes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,872 Words)

Body image is a multidimensional construct that has been found to affect psychosocial functioning throughout the lifetime. Some degree of body image dissatisfaction has been found to be a common aspect of the female experience. The aim of this study is to find out if there exists a correlation between body image dissatisfaction and eating attitudes in undergraduate college girls. This topic was chosen by the researcher ...

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The Suggestibility of Child Witnesses

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,290 Words)

Karpinski and Scullin's (2009) study tests whether theory of mind and executive functioning affects children's inclination to adopt the view asserted by misleading questions under pressured interviews. In addition, effects of age ranging from three to five as a factor of suggestibility was investigated. The procedures required 80 preschoolers, over four sessions, to witness a video and live show prior to a theory of mind test, performance ...

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A Comparison of Person Centred and Existential Therapies

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,407 Words)

Although person centred and existential therapies are both humanistic in their approaches both these therapies have many differences as well as similarities in the use of the therapy towards their clients. Yalom agrees with Rogers in that it is the therapeutic relationship that heals. However Yalom helps his clients from a philosophical stance in dealing with their problems. Furthermore this is where existentialism differs from Rogers's person ...

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Basic token economy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,685 Words)

Abstract According to Martin and Pear (2007), a token economy is a system of behavior modification based on the principles of operant conditioning. The original proposal for such a system emphasized reinforcing positive behavior by awarding "tokens" for meeting positive behavioral goals. Token economies have also been implemented to decrease disruptive behaviors and increase appropriate behaviors. Tokens can then be redeemed for reinforcing objects or activities at ...

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Understanding Behaviour Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (972 Words)

In school going children it is imperative to be able to understand the childrens behavior. In the effort of trying to understand the behavior of children and youth a number of theories or schools of thought have emerged trying to explain the behavior of children. These include: the Biological model, developmental model, psychodynamic model, ecological model, behavioral model, social learning model and the applied behavior analysis (Bridge, ...

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The contribution of motherese or child-directed speech

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,301 Words)

Language is the standard by which higher intellectual processes are revealed. It is important means of social communication and is one of the exceptional systems of habits which distinguish man from the animals. Differences in language account for many of the distinct contrasts between peoples, and to its deficiency may be attributed the differences between intellectual development. As preverbal infant it is important for caregivers to know ...

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Psychological Influence Of Music On Teenagers Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (981 Words)

Teenagers listen to music about 2.5 hours a day which is more than any other age group does which depicts that teenagers are more exposed to the effects of music whatsoever. Writers as far back as 600 B.C. report the curing of plagues, mental disorders, snake bite, deafness, sciatica and fevers through the aid of music (Gilliland, E.G. 1944.,pp. 18-20). Both harmful and beneficial effects of music ...

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Terror management theory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,657 Words)

The effects of terror management theory on political decisions Summary The terror management theory suggests that feelings of anxiety and fear are caused by thoughts of death (mortality salience) which may affect our thoughts, decisions and actions. The fear/anxiety caused triggers off defence mechanisms which cause individuals to feel closer to their beliefs and what they regard as a good and valued way of living (cultural worldview). ...

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Optimism And Psychological Well Being Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

21 Pages (8,067 Words)

There were different stressors that lead to a higher perceived stress level among undergraduate students. As stated by Amponsah and Owolabi (2011), environmental changes, academic problems and social challenges such as living apart from home for the first time were the common stressors for college students. However, academic stress was the top source of stress among undergraduate students (Elias, Ping, & Abdullah, 2011). In turn, these stressors ...

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A Review Of Literature: Bullying Effects

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

18 Pages (6,898 Words)

In this section of my thesis I reviewed articles thematically. Bond, Carlin, Thomas, Rubin, and Patton (2001) establish a relationship between repeated peer bullying and the indication of anxiety and depression in early teen years. A cohort study over a two-year period was done in Victoria, Australia. The participants were 2,680 students surveyed twice in 8th grade and once in 9th grade. Students completed a survey at ...

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Right And Wrong In Neuroscience Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,158 Words)

Neuroimaging is securing images of the brain for conducting advanced medical diagnosis. Neuroethics as a subject matter has resulted from (an evolving) relationship between bioethics and neuroscience of which neuroimaging forms a crucial part. There has always been a need to establish the fact that 'Brain' is different to 'Mind'. Neuroscientists believe that while 'Brain' is the vehicle, 'Mind' is the driver. Several Neuroimaging techniques seem help ...

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Research into the history of klinefelters syndrome

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,719 Words)

Many chromosomal abnormalities occur early in development and involve the sex chromosomes. Klinefelter's Syndrome falls directly into this category. Klinefelter's Syndrome is a genetic condition affecting the male population. The following information observes who discovered Klinefelter's Syndrome and when it was first diagnosed. The etiology or genetic and environmental factors of the condition are discussed as well as complete description of the disability and the clear diagnostic ...

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What Are The Psychological Causes Of Crime Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,598 Words)

During the 19th century the concept of an influence of the biological factors on criminal behaviour was strong, due to Charles Darwin publications of the theory of evolution. However, when considering criminological issues, biological and psychological explanations have been rejected for some time. It is worth noting, that in recent times there has been an increasing interest in studying the relationships of biological and psychological factors and ...

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Criticisms Of Ethnographic Research Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,457 Words)

"Ethnographic research has little to offer psychologist: it is impossible to generalise in any way from such small scale studies". What do you make of such criticisms? Ethnography is derived from the words 'ethno' meaning 'folk' and 'graph' meaning to 'write'. So ethnography is considered to be the social scientific writing about particular folk (Denzin and Lincoln, 1994). The student feels that ethnographic research has a lot ...

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2.2 The Psychology of Enjoyment

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

2 Pages (707 Words)

Happiness can be defined as "a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, satisfaction, pleasure, or enjoyment" . There are a number of different theories that have been derived in order to define happiness and it causations. From a religious or philosophical standpoint it could be defined as living a good life, rather than a emotional response to an individuals externalities. Martin Seligman in the book ...

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Diagnosis and barriers of executive function

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,848 Words)

Executive Function (EF) is the cognitive process that regulates an individual's ability to organise thoughts and activities, prioritise tasks, manage time efficiently and make decisions (American Heritage Medical Dictionary, 2007). EF enables individuals to initiate and stop actions, to monitor and change behaviour as needed, and to plan future behaviour when faced with new tasks and situations. EF refers to the role of the brain's frontal lobes ...

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Depression in mothers the effects on their children

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,270 Words)

As childbearing women go through bio-psycho-social changes, they experience social morbidity and depressive symptoms, which are often unidentified and untreated. Maternal depression and mood disorders during postpartum phase are common. Postnatal psychiatric disorders categorised into three main divisions: postpartum blues, postpartum psychosis and postpartum depression. Postpartum blues is a comparatively a mild emotional disturbance with anxiety, confusion, crying and low mood which most mothers experience and wane ...

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Reviewing The Psychological Effects Of Teenage Pregnancy Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,189 Words)

On my journey to find a piece of art for my term paper, I was excited because this was the first time I had gone to the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) and I felt it was going to be a experience to last a lifetime. I wanted to pick a painting that was attractive but rather in depth. As I walked through MOMA, I had seen ...

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Case study: stress

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,519 Words)

Hans Selye view in 1956 about the stress was "stress isn't necessarily something bad - it all depends on how you take it. The stress of exhilarating, creative successful work is beneficial, while that of failure, humiliation or infection is detrimental." (Sanvee, Stress (Pressure Tension), 2009) "In the words of Richard S Lazarus, basically stress is a feeling that is experienced when a person started thinking that ...

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