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Hunger and female physical attractiveness

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,227 Words)

Journal article review Does hunger influence judgements of female physical attractiveness? The article I have chosen to study is ‘Does hunger influence judgements of female physical attractiveness?' by Viren Swami and Martin J. Tove´e (2005a.) The introduction shows us that the authors constructed their research from a previous study by Nelson and Morrison (2005), which proposed that hunger and satiety influenced an individual's attractiveness preference. Swami and ...

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Study on the selection process

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,385 Words)

According to R.D. Gatewood and H.S. Field, employee selection is the "process of collecting and evaluating information about an individual in order to extend an offer of employment." In an organization, it is the main part of overall staffing process. This includes all the activities from Human Resource Planning, Recruitment to Retention. (By doing human resource planning, the organization projects its likely demand for personnel with particular ...

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Impact of Self Concept on Self Image Development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

15 Pages (5,609 Words)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to verify whether Academic performance of students is a suitable mediator between self concept of the students and the self image of the students in the current Indian education context. The study thus presented will study the mediation effect on the self image and the corresponding factors. Design/Methodology/Approach - The research was based on a questionnaire comprising of the ...

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Stroop methodology: attentional bias in alcohol drinkers

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,325 Words)

This study is on attentional bias in alcohol drinkers. In this experiment undertaken the main objective is to find out whether alcohol drinkers are likely to allocate their attention to alcohol-related words, because if our attention is owed to the alcohol-related content, or if our memory processes becomes occupied, the researcher should identify a delay in reaction when the participants are naming the colour of an alcohol-related ...

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Ostracism In The Presence Of Psychological Capital Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,180 Words)

Ostracism is the perception of being ignored or excluded by other employees in a workplace Ferris, Brown, Berry Lian, 2008. ostracism is basically defined as being ignored or excluded by other employees without explanation and intense negative intention ostracism does not provide employees an opportunity for social interaction which is necessary for the fulfillment of their psychological needs (Long-Zeng Wu, Frederick Hong-kit Yim, Ho Kwong Kwan and ...

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Use of projective techniques in qualitative reserach

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,278 Words)

For the past quarter-century there has been a growing use of and interest in qualitative education research (Fram & Cibotti 1991; Miller 1991; Catterall 1998) and the concomitant use of projective and enabling techniques (Miller 1991) within it. Catterall (1998) notes that the way education research is taught is functionalist, technical and narrow-minded, as if education research does not exist within the wider world of historical and ...

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Treatment of eating disorders

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,390 Words)

Abstract Introduction Eating disorders are characterized by patterns of disturbances in eating behavior often accompanied by feelings of distress and/or concern about body weight or shape. Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), Eating Disorders-Not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS) are three categories by which eating disorders identified. The American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994) first identified Binge Eating Disorder (BED) as a provisional eating disorder diagnosis in the DSM-IV. BED ...

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A Study On Theoretical Perspectives In Maladaptive Behavior

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,488 Words)

Maladaptive behavior is known as behavior that is "different" than normal. There are many ways to define behavior that is unusual. Antisocial Disorder is also known as abnormal. There are many perspectives known to help define and explain these behaviors. Scientific theories have been created to organize our thoughts and our beliefs to explain what it all means (Sarason, 2005). Biological Perspective explains the relationships between our ...

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The Prefrontal Cortex And Antisocial Behaviour Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,000 Words)

Today's society, where antisocial behaviour is seen in children and adults, seems to exhibit a greater need to understand its underlying causes. One's ability to act in an appropriate manner in a given social context is quite unique to humans; along with the ability to reason and make conscious decisions. Therefore, it seems to suggest that such civilised behaviours are dictated by an area of the brain ...

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How Social Norms Influence Our Behaviour Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,574 Words)

A social norm is a regulation or expectancy that dominates peoples morals, beliefs, actions, attitudes and behaviours. These regulations are expected of individuals in certain places and settings, and are therefore utilised to lead individual behaviour which determines what is considered appropriate or inappropriate. It could be argued that those who are accused of breaking the norms are seen as 'abnormal'. Consequently, failure to maintain regulations can ...

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The Gestalt Laws Of Perceptual Organisation Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (2,000 Words)

In the early 20th Century, Gestalt psychologists attempted to explain how sensory information is interpreted, stating that the brain creates a perceptual experience greater than the sum of its parts in standard and predictable ways (Gross, 2010). Their laws of perceptual organisation explain perceptual segregation; how visual information, which otherwise would look like random patterns of colour (Hayes & Orrell, 1993), is divided into Gestalten (organised wholes) ...

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Qualitative And Quantitative Research Methods Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

22 Pages (8,403 Words)

Examples of qualitative methods are action research, case study research and ethnography. Qualitative data sources include observation and participant observation (fieldwork), interviews and questionnaires, documents and texts, and the researcher's impressions and reactions Quantitative research Is mean of testing objective theories by examining the relationship among variables. These variables in turn can be measured typically on instruments, so that numbered data can be analyzed using statically procedures. ...

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Four Lobes Of The Brain Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,593 Words)

Based from its name, the frontal lobe is located at the anterior part of the brain. It is considered as the largest part of the brain which is responsible for some of the major functions of the brain; among these are reasoning, cognition and concentration. The primary motor area is also located at the frontal lobe; it allows the person to consciously control his/her muscles for movement. ...

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Objectives Of Data Summarization And Data Reduction Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

14 Pages (5,233 Words)

Chapter 3 The basic difference between the objectives of data summarization and data reduction depends upon the ultimate research question. In data summarization the ultimate research question may be to better understand the interrelationship among the variables. This may be accomplished by condensing a large number of respondents into a smaller number of distinctly different groups with Q-type factor analysis. More often data summarization is applied to ...

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Experimenting with a variant of the stroop effect

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,951 Words)

The aim of the experimental project was to examine a variation of the Stroop effect. How cognitive process are influenced when automatic processing take place. The hypothesis offered was, a significant difference in information processing times would be required over the two conditions when the Stroop effect was used. The null hypothesis states that their will not be any significance during information processing by participants when the ...

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Dysfunction in the Family Alcoholism Violence and Aggression

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,961 Words)

Abstract Typically, there are many assumptions made regarding the associations between alcoholism, aggression, and violence in dysfunctional families; however, when the variables are isolated, adverse outcomes and resulting treatment plans for children of alcoholics, abusers, aggressors, or any combination thereof, may require reexamination. This paper examines the relationship, causes, and effects of alcoholism, abuse, and aggression in dysfunctional families and discusses the treatment options available. Of significance ...

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Formulating a Client with Depression and Anxiety

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

17 Pages (6,497 Words)

Formulation is considered to be a basic and vital therapeutic skill (Eells, 1997; Morrison, Renton, Dunn, Williams, & Bentall, 2004) but also one of the most challenging processes used by clinical psychologists to consistently underline the array of contributing factors to clients' distress (Hook, Hodges, Segal & Coolidge, 2010). Historically, the concept of clinical formulation has been difficult to define and to apply in practice (Eells, 1997); ...

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Case study Emotional regulation

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,716 Words)

Emotion regulation is a significant concept in social psychology and also in personality (Gross & John, 2003; Gross, 2002; Feldman Barrett, Gross, Christensen, & Benvenuto, 2001). Personal differences occurring in it have been correlated to interpersonal performance, well-being and in authenticity (Gross & John, 2003), understanding in relationships that are close (Field, 1994; Gottman, 1994), and open behavior in situations which are broad ranging like athletics (Hanin, ...

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Studies In The Theory Of Emotional Development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,842 Words)

"The maturational processes and the facilitating environment: Studies in the theory of emotional development" written by Donald W. Winnicott is a fundamental book, which is created from collection of his published and unpublished papers on psychoanalysis and child development between years of 1926-1964. The book informs the readers about the maturation process of a human being step by step from early childhood to adolescence stage. The main ...

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Transpersonal psychology

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,205 Words)

Considering just two of the following approaches - transpersonal psychology, parapsychology - indicate how they differ, how they overlap, and what they can offer to each other and to the study of exceptional human experiences. Critically evaluate both approaches' drawbacks and benefits to the psychology of EHEs. Transpersonal psychology studies the psychology of different experiences an individual has of Exceptional human experiences. Many different experiences can be ...

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Future Career Employment Prospect From University Students Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,614 Words)

The topic of the research is the future career employment prospect from university student's perspective. University students in general have one main concern that they will consider during their university study, that is, their future career dilemma. "What career should I choose? Is this the correct degree for me? What should I do after graduation? What do my parents want me to do after graduation?" are some ...

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Development of memory in infancy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,350 Words)

Discuss, with reference to appropriate experimental studies, the development of memory in infancy. Memory is the process of encoding, storing and retrieving information. Encoding is the acquiring and the entering of information into the system. Storage is the retaining of the memories over time, and retrieval is recovering the stored memories when required to do so. Memory consists of three systems. Firstly there is the sensory memory, ...

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Positive relationship between physical attractiveness and intimate relationships

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,947 Words)

In daily life, it is common that people somewhat have a greater preference towards beautiful and attractive things and objects. For example, people are willing to pay for what they deemed as beautiful such as garment and clothes. Other than that, celebrities are required to have good and pleasant looking in order to attract the audience. Since attractiveness play an important role in daily life, could it ...

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cognitive models and theories

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (5,072 Words)

Abstract The cognitive theories and models associated with adherence to medical advice such as the Health Belief Model, Rational Choice Theory, Ley's Cognitive Theory and Protection Motivation Model are investigated in this extended essay. The factors affecting medical non-adherence are explored through the cognitive approach and the research question of: 'to what extent do cognitive models and theories offer an explanation for why people do not adhere ...

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Definition and Factors of Visual Attention and Searching

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,696 Words)

Visual attention is an essential part in the mechanism of human cognition. When receiving a barrage of incoming information, individuals rely on visual attention to give order to their environment. After parsing a scene into its distinct components, the visual system directs attention to specific elements for additional processing. This act of selecting Particular items, features, or locations in space can be referred to as visual search, ...

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Early Childhood Stage Critical Phase Of Human Development Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,003 Words)

Introduction The study of human development focuses on the changing behaviours and levels and forms of maturity over the life span. Changes in behaviour occur rapidly in the early years of life theories. Thus, empirical research into early human development draw largely on the discipline of developmental psychology. Other disciplines have a contribution to make to a fuller understanding of the processes involved. The complexity of the ...

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Current Studies Of Obedience Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,226 Words)

Stanley Milgram has conducted several studies in the 1960s and 1970s in which he tested the obedience of people. His results created controversy among people at the time, but the question is still open. Current experiments have tried to replicate Milgram's results but they have encountered several ethical problems. One famous study conducted by Jerry M. Burger 2006 has come up with an ingenious idea to replicate ...

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Falsification

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,303 Words)

Falsification Introduction: The concept of falsification is paramount to validity the modern scientific process. Understanding the method and limitations of science is necessary in order to produce accurate science. As one is not able to escape one's own perception and reality, inductive reasoning is not sufficiently valid process to overcome the problem of induction. It is through this concept of falsification that one is able to ...

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Theories And Ideas On Divorce Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,105 Words)

A divorce is defined as the legal dissolution of a marriage according to the Oxford English Dictionary. If a person wishes to begin a petition for divorce they must be married for at least a year. In the UK a divorce is only granted if the court is satisfied that the reasons are adultery by the husband or wife or unreasonable behaviour by the husband or wife. ...

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Final Outline And Annotated Bibliography Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,395 Words)

Everyone has their own theories of why things are the way they are. Jean Piaget, Lawrence Kohlberg, and Erik Erikson are three men that have outstanding theories about human development; all with their own little thoughts about why theirs is the way it should be. The theories of these men outline and help suggest who we are as people and why we are that way. This paper ...

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Problem Based Learning Reflective Account Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,003 Words)

The Problem Based Learning (PBL) exercise was entitled 'The relationship to change.' Each Case Discussion Group (CDG), consisting of 7 trainees, had to produce a presentation on this topic. Our CDG decided to look at the relationship of the media in changing attitudes towards mental health, with a focus on the Tripartite Model (Triandis, 1971) to explain attitude formation and Stages of Change Model (Prochaska and DiClemente, ...

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The Role Of Extraversion In Perceived Stress And Health

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,010 Words)

In this study, the effect of extraversion on an individual's perceived stress and health was investigated. Participants consist of 274 undergraduates. They were asked to fill a 60-item NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) test and a questionnaire on their perceived stress and health levels. A hypothesis was formed after a review of existing literature on the relevant field and is then tested for. Data collected suggests a ...

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Mechanism Of Action Of Cocaine Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,003 Words)

Cocaine dependence treatment faces a number of problems, both connected with the variety of factors involved in the development of cocaine dependence, and with the often concomitant presence of other disorders like depression or multiple uses of psychoactive substances like other stimulants, alcohol, or opioids so that it becomes difficult to discern what effect is to attribute purely to cocaine addiction, as opposed to other substances or ...

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Own Race Bias Prejudice And Stereotyping Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,138 Words)

This article on own-race bias served as a good follow-up for our readings in Ch. 13 about prejudice and stereotyping. The article also compliments the study it covers well by including a great amount of visual data and graphs from the study. As human beings, we all have some form of own-race bias, which makes us less able to recognize and distinguish between people of a different ...

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The Non Directive Counseling Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,203 Words)

The psychologist Carl Rogers first developedÂ person-centredÂ therapyÂ techniques in the 1940s and 1950s. As such, it is sometimes called "Rogerian" psychotherapy. PCT is generally considered one of the major types of psychotherapy, some of the other types being psychodynamic therapy, psychoanalytic or FreudianÂ therapy,Â existential therapy, and cognitive-behavioural. As cited in (Mearns,2003,p.90) "in a very meaningful sense, therapy is diagnosis, and this diagnosis a process which goes on in the experience ...

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Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,582 Words)

The Psychoanalytic personality process has been examined over many centuries. During the first half of the twentieth century, American psychology was dominated by two schools of thought: behaviorism and psychoanalysis (Association for Humanistic Psychology, 2001). These early approaches of studying the human psyche were limited in many aspects. These ideas of personality assessment were confined to more of the unconscious process, with limited focus on the decision ...

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Embodiment and the rubber hand illusion

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,503 Words)

The sense of one's own body has been a subject of debate among researchers for many years. It is argued to be a very specific type of knowledge, illustrated as being a non-conceptual and somatic (e.g., Kant, 1781/2003; BermuÂ´ dezas cited in Lango, et al., 2007). It has been argued that this type of knowledge, often referred to as ''embodiment" (Arzy, Overney, Landis, & Blanke, 2006), ''bodily ...

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Angle Of Rotation Changes Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,539 Words)

Participants were advised by verbal, written and Ertslab instructions, in how to carry out an experiment, which contained 48 trials of rotated or mirrored images, in order, to detect the subject's reaction time. There was a three second cut off time for each image, and a 'wrong' would indicate to the participant if they answered incorrectly. Results The current study fitted with the set hypothesis 'Reaction time ...

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The Theory Of Cognitive Map Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,361 Words)

In this paper, I will discuss and apply the following learning theories to explain how I learned to play piano: the social-learning theory, behavior modification, purposive behaviorism, and cognitive maps. The theory of cognitive map is established on the concepts of spatial memory and spatial thinking, but I will explain briefly how a person can use cognitive map to learn how to play an instrument such as ...

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Drug abuse and addiction

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,870 Words)

Abstract Drug abuse and addiction is a common problem in the world and is everywhere you look. With this disorder so common, the truth is shed on the misconceptions that people have about drug abuse and addiction. This paper provides a brief overview of drug abuse and addiction, while also looking at the aspects of epidemiology, pathophysiology, social problems, and ethical problems that might present with emergency ...

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Gordon Allport An American Psychologist Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,715 Words)

PsychologyÂ ofÂ the lackÂ of interestÂ andÂ limitedÂ methods, in general,Â failsÂ toÂ discloseÂ or studyÂ of theÂ integrityÂ and consistency ofÂ the charactersÂ thatÂ actuallyÂ exist.Â The greatest drawbackÂ of a psychologistÂ at the presentÂ timeÂ isÂ hisÂ inability toÂ prove the truthÂ ofÂ what heÂ knows. Gordon Allport is an outstanding figure in the world of psychology, and now there is hardly a book on psychology of personality without a special chapter on his theory, or at least references to it.Â Having experienced the impact of different schools, Allport did not actually belong ...

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Studying the big five personality traits

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,179 Words)

Nowadays personality trait test becomes more and more famous in recruitment and personal assessment, it is aiming to predict possible academic success and work performance in different settings. Although there are many academic theories attempt to conceptualize and generalize individual differences in the personality research field, such as psychoanalytic theory, psychodynamic theory, phenomenological theory and cognitive theory. (B.R. Hergenhahn, 1994). Each theory contributes a lot on the ...

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The Introduction To Counselling Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,264 Words)

In this essay the role and function of a counsellor will be explained and evaluated, as well as the key concepts, phenomenology, existentialism, the seven stages of process and the six necessary and sufficient conditions for therapeutic change and how these are important. As well as locus of evaluation, the organismic valuing process, a fully functioning person and the core conditions being in place. All these in ...

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Archetypal Characters In Les Miserables Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,674 Words)

The purpose of this study will be to offer psychotherapists working with young men an imaginal way of seeing the therapy process as informed by archetypal characters in Les Miserables. The soul is the central concept in imaginal psychology whereby it expresses itself in images or archetypes and this is what psychotherapists engaged in depth psychology have to deal with. This images or archetypes inhabit in us ...

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Depression and Criminal Behavior

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,536 Words)

Depression is a wide-reaching condition that affects millions of Americans who experience it in a few different archetypes, but each can be crippling. Bipolar disorder, a severe type of depression, has been connected to criminal behavior when one considers prison-population statistics and the percentage of manic depressives who commit crimes. Factors such as substance abuse, environment, and gender unpack the criminal side of depression and lead to ...

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Physical vs Emotional Motivation of Virginity Loss

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,113 Words)

The emotional and physical influences behind the transition from virgin to non-virgin status amongst African American youth will be explored in this study. The subjects consist of 22 college students (18 - 25 years old) attending Prairie View A&M University in Prairie View, Texas. Each participant was first provided full disclosure, and informed that the study concerned sexual behavior, sexual motivation, as well as sexual arousal and ...

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The key concepts in engagement and assessment

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,067 Words)

The primary theory of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy or C.B.T. is that what an individual thinks, affects their mood, how they feel physically and therefore how they behave (Williams and Garland, 2002) It also takes into account a clients past experiences, current environments and genetic influences (Grant, Townend, Mills and Cockx, 2008). Therefore the main aim of the C. B.T. assessment is to develop an understanding of the ...

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Offender profiling

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (3,063 Words)

Separating Fact From Fiction: Where Do Peoples Beliefs About Offender Profiling Come From? Chapter I: Introduction to the Study Historically offender profiling has often been seen as more of an art than a science (Muller, 2000; Ressler &Shachtman 1992) leaving it prone to rejection within academic journals (Dowden 2007). However within recent years there has been a sharp increase in the publics interest due to the media ...

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Psychology Essays - Hysteria

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

8 Pages (2,917 Words)

Hysteria has been seen as both a form of political protest and as the failure to negotiate and resolve the Oedipus complex. Discuss with reference to the Dora case. In many ways, hysteria and the hysteric patient go right to the very heart of psychoanalysis. It was after all, as we shall see, the basis of Freud and Breuer's assertions on the validity of psychoanalysis and psychodynamic ...

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Appropriateness Of Ones Behaviour Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,889 Words)

In this chapter the research methodology used in the study is described. The location/ geographical area where the study was conducted, the study design and the population and sample are described. The instruments used to collect the data, including methods implemented to maintain validity and reliability of the instrument are described. RESEARCH DESIGN AND APPROACH Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted. According to Burns and Grove ...

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Chocolates On Recall Memory Of Images Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,019 Words)

This experiment was performed to determine the effects of chocolates on the recall memory of images. The methodology used was by showing 30 subjects twenty images on a piece of paper for a minute. After a 4 minute-long filler task, the subjects were given one minute to recall as many images as possible. The same procedure was repeated with subjects consuming chocolates. Most of the subjects were ...

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The Issues Pertinent To Self Harm Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,757 Words)

A single definition of self-harm, as well as the vocabulary used to describe the behaviour, has been difficult for researchers and clinicians to identify because there is no generally accepted terminology and various terms have been used in the literature (Ross & Heath, 2002). The term self-harm has often been used interchangeably with self-mutilation, deliberate self-harm, self-injurious behaviours, parasuicide and self-wounding. Weber (2002) identifies that the terms ...

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Correlations Between Iq Scores And Academic Performance Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,496 Words)

Anastasi noted declining correlations between IQ scores and academic performance with increasing levels of educational attainment. Specifically, the correlations between the two constructs declined from r = .70 in elementary school to r = .50 in secondary school and to r = .40 in college (Chamorro-Premuzic & Furnham, 2005). Within postsecondary education itself, there is a declining correlation between ability tests and other measures of intelligence with ...

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Effects of Meditation and Prolonged Exposure Therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,816 Words)

We propose to examine the hypothesis that veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who attend prolonged exposure therapy (PE) along with transcendental meditation (TM) training have lower recurrences of PTSD symptoms than veterans who attend PE or TM group alone. The sampling frame of OIF/OEF veterans was systematically obtained from VAPAHCS, and we anticipate a sample of 100 participants. Participants will be randomly assigned into one of ...

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The Essence Of The Addictive Behavior Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,607 Words)

The essence of the addictive behavior is that in order to escape from reality, people are trying to artificially change their mental state, which gives them the illusion of security, restoration of equilibrium. There are different types of addictive behavior, such as pharmacological and non pharmacological one. They represent a serious threat not only to addict health (physical and mental), but also to those who surround them. ...

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Study on confidentiality in therapeutic settings

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,427 Words)

The ethical code of the American Psychological Association plays an integral part in the psychologist's professional duties. One of the most important of these codes is that of privacy and confidentiality (Standard 4.0). Confidentiality plays a crucial role in the psychologist/client relationship. Most clients view the psychologist as someone they can confide in. How can a psychologist avoid breaching confidentiality in both personal and professional settings? And ...

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The Field Of Genetic Counselling Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,775 Words)

Over the past fifty years, the field of genetic counselling has been constantly evolving, often changing the roles and adjusting the values of genetic counsellors within the field. This progress can be monitored by looking at the genetic counselling literature from various decades and comparing fundamental values of the profession at a certain time period. In this paper, an evaluation of genetic counselling services is based on ...

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The Role Of The Listener In Skinners Verbal Behavior Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,793 Words)

Abstract This paper examines Skinner's analysis of the role of a listener in a speaker-listener verbal episode as a mediation of reinforcement for the speaker's behavior. Reinforcement as a mediation is an important component yet at the same time it is insufficient definitional aspect concerning the role of the listener. As the behavior of the listener is more complex and needs to be considered more fully. Moreover, ...

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Critically compare any two theories of persuasion

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,031 Words)

Critically compare any two theories of persuasion Persuasion is a large factor in attitude change and follows several criteria of information processing (McGuire, 1969). Persuasion is a process of guiding people towards an idea, attitude of action. To allow this process to work and for attitudes to work a definition of an attitude needs to be defined, ‘attitudes are evaluations of something (called the attitude object) (Hewstone ...

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INTRODUCTION TO STRESS

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

16 Pages (6,224 Words)

People experience stress in private life and at work place. People have to work effectively against time and within the parameter of various rules and regulations. It is not always possible to create an organizational climate conducive to work. Various departments, groups and external environment factors affect individual behaviour. Minimal level of stress is required for organizations to operate effectively. Excessive stress is harmful for the individual ...

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Effects of stress on undergraduate academic performance

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,029 Words)

Studies have identified that the sources of stress, which influence the performance of students, change because of the wide extent of stressors whilst at university. Stress is one of the most common emotions that are experienced by human beings (Alansari, 2006). There can be a number of reasons why students develop stress, personal factors that are unique to the individual are categorised by the demographic classification. Students ...

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The Treatment Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,587 Words)

Abstract-Internet of Things (IoT) is the network that connects everything with internet, through various types of information sensor devices, such as RFID, microwave sensor, global positioning system and laser scanner. The purpose of the IoT is to create an environment in which the basic information from any one of the networked autonomous actors can be efficiently shared with others in real-time. These factors cooperate to assist the ...

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A psychological study into dysfunctional families

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,046 Words)

A dysfunctional family system exists when problems in one or more of the hierarchical, boundary or alignment elements of its structure have impaired its resources for coping with and adapting effectively to contextual stressors (Goldenberg & Goldenberg, 2004). This largely centers on families who are neglecting or lacking in their performances and responsibilities of a family, allowing abuse and neglect to run common, so that a child ...

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Skinners theory, methodology and research in personality development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,826 Words)

The field of personality development is a source of continuous scrutiny and criticism within the subject of Psychology. In particular, the basis of Skinner's theory of personality has attracted a large amount of criticism, however, despite this its contribution regarding the development of personality cannot be disregarded, particularly when considering specific pertinent elements theorised that are still upheld within Psychological thought today. An ongoing debate of the ...

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Background and history of intelligence testing

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,101 Words)

The first intelligence test to be administered was in France in 1905 by Alfred Binet and Theophile Simon. The purpose of the first intelligence test was to identify mentally deficient children in French public Schools (Franklin 2007). Henry Goddard followed and, translated the intelligence test in 1910, and administered it to what he believed were four hundred children who lacked intellectuality and following year the number of ...

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Treatment For Women Survivors Of Childhood Abuse Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,020 Words)

Many women in the United States are adult survivors of child abuse. As testimony to this to this fact, it was discovered in surveys of 1,931 women that up to 62% had a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and up to 30% reported childhood physical abuse (McCauley et al). Numerous female adult survivors of child abuse will experience psychological and behavioral issues as a result, and ...

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The Neuropsychological Double Dissociation Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,175 Words)

Uncomfortable bedfellows; according to Bishop this constitutes the relationship between cognitive neuropsychology and developmental disorders. Boyle et al. (2011) showed that one out of six children suffer from a developmental disorder. The ICD-10 (WHO, 1992) defines developmental disorders (DD) as fulfilling three categories: an early onset, a delay in developmental functions relating to the CNS or biological maturation and a lack of remission. The DSM-IV (APA, 2000) ...

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Background Associated with schizoaffective Disorder

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,412 Words)

The term schizoaffective psychosis was introduced by the American psychiatrist Jacob Kasanin in 1933 to describe an episodic psychotic illness with predominant affective symptoms that at the time to be good-prognosis schizophrenia. Kasanin concept of the illness was influenced by the psychoanalytic teachings of Adolf Meyer and Kasanin postulated that schizoaffective psychosis was caused by "emotional conflicts" of a "mainly sexual nature" and that psychoanalysis "would help ...

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Effects of Parental Empathic Attunement on Children:

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,299 Words)

Parents have a significant impact on a child's emotional development and socialization. Eisenberg, Cumberland, and Spinrad (1998) postulated that parental reactions to children's experience and emotional expression are "examples of ways in which parents can directly socialize children's emotion-related reactions" (Eisenberg, Cumberland, & Spinrad, 1998, p. 241). Eisenberg et al. (1998) identified parents' emotion-related socializing behaviors (ERSBs) to socialize their children's emotions as parental reactions to children's ...

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Selfish Gene Theory And Evolution Of Altruistic Behaviour Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,727 Words)

Certainly, humans are subject to the same processes of evolutionary changes as all other living creatures on earth. Obviously, these changes are the product of a long period and occur because of genetic transmission, diversity and selection over many generations. However, Barett invented the 'selfish gene' theory which cited that ''selection refers not to the survival of the species but instead to the survival of the genes ...

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Theory Of Planned Behaviour Tpb Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,386 Words)

Pregnant women are advised to engage in 30 minutes of exercise per day American College of Sports Medicine, 2000, however exercise can decreases during pregnancy Sternnfeld et al, 1995 with 58% of pregnant women being sedentary, 18% higher than the US adult population (Zhang & Savitz, 1996). This lack of exercise may be due to psychological and physiological strain (Monk et al, 2000). Exercise has been found ...

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Person Centred Therapy Strength And Weaknesses Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,648 Words)

Person centred approach is a humanistic phenomenological approach founded by Carl Rodgers, an American humanistic psychologist who believed in a way an individual sees themselves and realising their full potential for their personal growth and personal development he called "self actualisation". When there is no relationship between experience and the individual perception of self, a human being experiences anxiety and depression. This results in unpleasant feelings which ...

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Working In A Group Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,558 Words)

According to Ian Brooks, "Organisation behaviour (OB) is the study of human behaviour in organisational contexts with a focus on individuals and group processes and actions". "Hence it involves an exploration of organisation and managerial processes in the dynamic context of the organisation and is primarily concerned with the human implication of such activity" (Brooks, 2009). Overview Groups Group has always been a characteristic of human behaviour ...

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Parental involvement and biopsychosocial well being among children

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,691 Words)

This chapter will discuss the general picture of this study. Specifically, the chapter includes a general description of the purpose for this study, its relationship to current phenomena, problems related to it and last but not least, the reason this topic needs to be investigated. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between daily hassles, parental involvement and biopsychosocial well-being among children. According to ...

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CHILDREN are precious and special in the lives of the parents

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,333 Words)

Children are the asset of nation. They are precious and special in the lives of the parents. The children are frightened to come to the hospital and start crying on seeing health personnel as they associate hospital and health personnel with pain. Hospitalisation constitutes a crisis in infants life as the child has to undergo major stress like pain. A population based data on hospital admission for ...

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Programs Associated With Behavior Modification Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,978 Words)

This papers intent is not to address all of the programs associated with behavior modification, But simply to establish the some of the types of behavior modification programs available to probation and parole authorities. This report covers the basics of behavior modification, the theory behind it, as well as cognitive behavior modification. It touches on the use of evidence-based practices, motivational interviewing, as well as some of ...

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Intelligence Is Difficult To Operationalise Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (865 Words)

Intelligence is difficult to operationalise, as the definition varies according to different culture. Thus there is no single unified universal definition of intelligence. However, Sternberg and Kaufrman, (1998) define intelligence as the quality to form relationships, solve problems, learn and adapt to situations. This leads to success and fulfilment in a specific culture and time. Number of theories have been conducted to identify the nature of intelligence, Spearman (1904) ...

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Theories used to explain human growth and development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

12 Pages (4,408 Words)

This essay will discuss some of the theories used to explain human growth and development and discuss the pros and cons of each theory in relation to different life stages and show how each theory can be applied to social work practice. The theories outlined in this essay include the debate over nature verses nurture; from its beginnings through to its progression into the study of growth ...

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History and treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,132 Words)

History of Narcissistic Personality Disorder Historically, narcissism was associated with someone who had sexual perversions or excessive masturbation issues. There was a Greek myth in which a beautiful young man named Narcissus made of the Gods angry and she cursed him to fall in love with his own image; this is where Narcissism gets its name. (Wade & Tavris, 2008) Havelock Ellis, was the first to use ...

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Aggression And Coping Strategies Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

17 Pages (6,545 Words)

This study has explored links between emotional intelligence, aggression level and coping strategies, as well as the variables contribute during students academic life. In this study, it is sought to hypostasise three variables (1) students with low Emotional Intelligence level will have a prediction of higher level of Aggression (2) students with higher level of Aggression have effective Coping Strategies and (3) there will be a relationship ...

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Looking At Tax Knowledge Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,658 Words)

Chapter 2 provides a further explanation regarding on the research study and there are five sections, namely review of literature, review of relevant theoretical models, proposed conceptual framework, hypotheses development and conclusion. Firstly, review of the literature outlines the past literatures and their methodologies as well as findings that are relevant to the constructs are reviewed. Following by the review of relevant theoretical models, researchers have to ...

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Sigmund freuds theory and carl rogers theory

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,588 Words)

The Psychodynamic approach came about in the 19th Century, the most famous person connected to this approach was Sigmund Freud. Freud believed that everything we do, say or the way we behave is due to our childhood. This is where Freud came up with psychosexual stages. Freud believed that if at any time during the psychosexual stages there were problems, this would have a lasting effect on ...

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Social Influence Conformity Compliance And Obedience Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

7 Pages (2,424 Words)

Social influence refers to the ways in which external factors trigger change in an individual. It guides the way we form our thoughts and organize our overt behaviour and actions. Conformity, compliance and obedience are all forms of social influence that strongly affect our everyday lives. This paper looks into the three different concepts of social influence, focusing particularly on the factors that affect the extent of ...

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Relationship between perfectionism and social anxiety

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,070 Words)

1.1 Introduction Perfectionism is the attitude of an individual that strives to achieve perfection in everything they do. People with perfectionism tend to outdo themselves and make sure everything is in the best form. As perfectionism strives one to be perfect, it is also taxing on the individual for they are pressured to excel, or to meet standards either imposed by others or oneself. This strive is ...

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The importance of counting in early number development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,251 Words)

Counting is the action of finding the number of elements of a finite set of objects by continually increasing a counter by a unit for every element in the set, in some order. Counting is used by children to demonstrate knowledge of the number names and number system. Archaeological evidence suggests that humans have been counting for at least 50,000 years, and in ancient cultures counting was ...

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Investigation into the effects of existential therapy

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,655 Words)

Who am I? What is the good life? What is the meaning of life? Is life worth anything? How can one find happiness? What does it mean to be an authentic person? The questions above represent a few of what therapists term existential questions (Glassock & Small, 2001). These questions differ from others in that they are philosophical and concern essential matters pertaining human existence. Simply put, ...

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The Term Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

23 Pages (8,976 Words)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (hereafter referred to as ADHD) as defined by the DSM-IV-TR, is "a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequently displayed and more severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development." It is as yet not very well known in our small island of Mauritius but it is now starting to be recognized and treated as ...

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Self Efficacy Among Academically Low And High Achievers

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

20 Pages (7,763 Words)

The present study aims to assess the relationship of mindfulness with self-efficacy among academically low and high achievers as Confidence and belief in achieving goals is a good predictor of success. Mindfulness is an inherent state of consciousness that differs among individuals for a variety of reasons and that can be changed by individual. The definition of mindfulness points out that it is the awareness that emerges ...

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Five Theories of Psychology and Child Motivation

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

3 Pages (1,085 Words)

Theories of psychology have been applied in various fields to test out its reliability and relevance to certain situations. Out of all the theories five of them have become well accepted and widely used in motivation and learning. They are namely behavioural, cognitive, developmental, humanistic and personality theories. These theories have gained much support from the psychological society and many other theories have their origins from these ...

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The Relationship Between Extroversion And Physiological Measures Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

6 Pages (2,138 Words)

There has been a substantial research into the relationship between how extroverted an individual is and their physiological measures (Eysenck, 1967, cited in Martin, Carlson, & Buskist, 2007). Many studies have been carried out across the world to investigate this relationship and how environment and genetics can contribute to extroversion within individuals. The present study looked at the relationship between extraversion and physiological measures in Psychology undergraduate ...

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Study on the Relationship Between Stress and Illness

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

4 Pages (1,355 Words)

Symptoms of stress can be evident in different ways including physically, emotionally or mentally. This is dependent on what is causing the stress to occur. Physical A stressful situation can cause the body to display various symptoms including tension headaches, inability to sleep, raised blood pressure, problems with the digestive system, nervousness, alopecia, and strokes. A cause of physical stress could be a car accident or starvation ...

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Evidence for the constructivist theory of visual perception

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,968 Words)

In order to answer the topic one must describe what the constructivist theory is with the use of examples that have been proposed from the theorists in this domain. The purpose is to provide an insightful evaluation to the novice reader of visual perception from the constructivist position. The first point to commence is an illustration of understanding the definition of visual perception, secondly to evaluate the ...

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Case Study: Psychopathic Genes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,758 Words)

Many people are afraid of the concept of death and what happens after life. But, many aren't aware of the people that take life from others. Killers roam our streets but, aren't easy to spot. They blend in with our looks and sometimes personalities. It is only possible to tell by their actions, for example when they have committed a gruesome crime. Little is known about psychopaths, ...

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Use of psychodynamic approach for treatment and intervention

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

11 Pages (4,091 Words)

The place of psychoanalytic and psychodynamic treatments within psychiatry is controversial (Auchincloss 2002; Gabbard, Gunderson and Fonagy 2002; Kernberg 2002; Wallerstein 2002). Based on the now aged principles of Freudian psychology, as of today there are several theoretical orientations in understanding human emotion and development (Leichsenring, Rabung and Leibing 2004). However, the intervention generally refers to a specific type of treatment in which the patient is analysed ...

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Stress Among Women Working In Banking Industry Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

9 Pages (3,460 Words)

Women in India have served a lot after independence. From just a experienced homemaker, women today have gained skills and potential of not just being a homemaker but being at parity with their male counterpart. Moreover, varying roles of working women, they have preserved the conventional work culture of household. Now a day the companies are thriving towards high rate that the women have to work for ...

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Key characteristics of life-span development

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,758 Words)

Erik Erikson suggests that development is a life-long continuous process in which gains and losses in development occur throughout the life cycle. This challenges the concept of "critical periods" in Freud's theory. Development is multidimensional: Development occurs in the biological, cognitive, and social domains. The biological domain includes the physical changes an individual experiences throughout the course of their life. This would include growth and development in ...

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Social psychological theories of attitude formation and stereotypes

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

5 Pages (1,859 Words)

Attitudes and Stereotypes are formed on the basis of a physical characteristic or a physical fact. There are three components to an attitude, a cognitive component, this is the thoughts and beliefs about the group or individual, the way in which we perceive them. An affective component, these are the feelings towards that group or individual, for example hate or anger. Lastly the behavioural component is the ...

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The Background Of Materialism Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

10 Pages (3,789 Words)

Interest in the topic of materialism and its influence is overt as early as in the Greek philosophers. Studies of materialism have increased in recent years and most of those studies verified different aspects of materialism which involved social or individual consequences. However, still other research revealed that materialism is neither bad nor good. It also represented a socially construct that vary depending on a society's value ...

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Sexual values and sexual behaviour among malaysian youths

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

18 Pages (7,191 Words)

In recent years, society began to show concern about sexual behavior of the young generation. The openness of young generation about sex is a very new issue for the adults. Sexuality is one of the primarily needs of human (Higgins & Browne, 2008). A research involving 269,649 participants from United State showed that the sexual activity of young men and women has increased over time (Wells & ...

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Brief History Of Positive Psychology Psychology Essay

Published Date: 23 Mar 2015

13 Pages (4,943 Words)

The advent of positive psychology as we know it today can be traced back to Martin E. P. Seligmans 1998 Presidential Address to the American Psychological Association (Seligman, 1999). Following a serendipitous holiday meeting between Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi in winter 1997 (Csikszentmihalyi, 2003), and an epiphanic moment when gardening with his daughter Nikki (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000), Seligman realized that psychology had largely neglected the latter two ...

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