The Concept Of Happiness

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

5 (1,932 )

However dull ones life may be there are times when one cannot help but question the meaningfulness of it. The subject of death is often a prime example of how people begin to question the value of life. Death usually brings people down and it makes them wonder if there is a meaning to existence or whether the recently deceased found it. In such situations, most of ...

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Philosophical Implications Of Artificial Intelligence

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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INTRODUCTION: For a long period of time philosophers are trying to resolve the questions related to artificial intelligence. Like, how minds are working? Can machines act intelligently like humans do?, if its so would they really have brain? What would be the ethical implications in that? The philosophers view about AI is that machines act intelligent and do to actually thinking are in strong AI categories. They ...

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The morality of toture: Suspected Criminals And Terrorists

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

7 (2,467 )

The principle of torture has been brought back into the forefront of philosophical debate following the September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks in New York bringing about the 'War on Terror.' So much so, that torture has been considered as a way of combating problems with suspected criminals and terrorists. The matter of torture has been the centre of legal discussion, often being juxtaposed against the human rights ...

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Poppers Falsifiability As A Criterion Of Demarcation

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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The problem of demarcation has long preoccupied philosophers of science who wished to differentiate pseudo-science from science itself. Many solutions have been attempted, but it is still, in my opinion, Popper's falsfiability which addresses the demarcation problem most effectively. This paper will therefore argue for a revised use of falsifiability as a criterion of demarcation. To argue this point, a clear explanation of Popper's falsfiability criterion will ...

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The Proof Of Gods Existence

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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When non-Christians and anti-Christians ask that God does not exist and Bible is merely a book, how do Christians answer to them and what should Christians say? Christians are in difficulties to explain God, Bible, and salvation to secular people, because belief of Christians is based on the Holy Bible, which seculars do not believe in, and because Christians do not like explain these thing through secular ...

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Euthanasia: The Right To Die

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

6 (2,357 )

Euthanasia is the intentional killing of a human being either because he/she has requested for it or when the person being killed hasn't made any request at all. This topic has always brought about so much controversy amongst people in most countries. Everyone in this world has his own experience with death. At least you have witnessed someone die or you have lost a friend or a ...

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Ross Theory Of Prima Facie Duties

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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Prima facie, a Latin name is mainly used in academic philosophy and law to mean apparently correct or at first glance. The idea of prima facie duties first originated with David Ross, who was a Scottish philosopher. Ross was among the great proponents of intuitionism or ethical pluralism theory. According to the theory, good is indefinable and there exist moral truths which are self evident (Ross, 2002 ...

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Buddhism As A Path To Enlightenment

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Buddhism is not about God or Gods, it does not supply a theory about what may happen in the afterlife, nor does it express views about creation; it is based in the world of daily living. Most religions have deep theoretical foundations they are built upon, and most people within such religions have faith that the theory is true. Buddhism does not address theories; it does not ...

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Plato on Gender: An analysis

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Plato on Gender Platonic advocacy of female public engagement as articulated in Republic V challenges an organizational ethos by which the activities, movement, and behavior of women were severely restricted. Indeed the role of women in Plato’s political philosophy is arguably at odds, not only with the negative and oppressive depiction of women in Athenian philosophical thought at large, but also with the broader Platonic corpus which ...

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Doubt Is The Key To Knowledge

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Doubt is the feeling of uncertain towards the truth. Persian proverb says that 'doubt is the key to knowledge'. The 'key' here means that the uncertain feelings bring us closer to the truth and making the level of knowledge increases. But, is it applicable in our daily life? Does doubt keeps someone to expand his knowledge in everyday life? If in a situation, an IB student doubt ...

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Human Nature In The War Of The Worlds

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Explore the theme of humanity under threat in H.G Wells 'The War of the Worlds.' In H.G Wells' The War of the Worlds, the Martian invaders view mans culture and society with less regard than a man would the itch from a flea. Wells depicts mans insignificance in the workings of unfathomable Martian intentions; "It was never a war, any more than there's a war between men ...

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The Effects And Importance Of Work

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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"Work is at the root of a meaningful life, the path to individual independence, and a necessity for human survival and flourishing. It is also the distinctive means by which men concretize their identity as rational, goal-directed beings." - Edward W. Younkins. Discuss. Work has a common human practice since the beginning of civilizations. It is the secret behind social progress and the defining characteristic of man. ...

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An Overview Of Critical Legal Studies

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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The given quotation in question is by Robert Gordon, in Law & Ideology as featured in Lloyd's Introduction to Jurisprudence by MDA Freeman where he has touched upon critical legal studies. For our purposes, my answer will provide a short explanation of what the critical legal studies is about, then it will feature how law maintains inequality according to critical legal scholars, and what techniques are adopted ...

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Morality Towards Animals Kantian Vs Utilitarian

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Historically, there has been some debate between Kantian and Utilitarian philosophers on the moral status of animals. This great debate over whether or not moral consideration should be granted to non-human animals deserves to be rectified at some point. Many argue that there is a resolution to this debate that can be used via a distinction between the two to clearly distinguish human beings from all other ...

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Theories Of Punishment Understanding Deviance

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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The classical school represented by the works of Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria assumes that the rational decision is always the decision that will maximise gain and minimise pain for each individual: the felicitation principle that lies behind the penal policy of deterrence. Hence, if the actor is rational, the state can influence any given decision by ensuring that the system of investigating criminal activity will swiftly ...

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Superstructure In Marxist Cultural Theory

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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The oft-cited passage from Marxs preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy in which he states that the economic structure, or base, of society is its "real basis, on which arises a legal and political superstructure" (source); contains perhaps the most contentious aspects of Marxist theory. The implicit ideas within these few sentences concerning the relationship between the base and the superstructure have excited ...

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The Definition Of Biomimicry

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Product design inspired by nature simply means that designers look to the nature for answer when they were in process of designing it. The action of copying from nature is called biomimicry. Biomimicry is not an entirely new idea to humans. The hook and loop fasterner or known as Velcro was invented in 1948 based on the bur plants. Biomimicry is important in product design because nature ...

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Green Living: What Is It?

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

5 (1,704 )

The earth, as we know it is deteriorating in ways more than one. In order to set it right and restore the balance of events, we need to take an initiate and change our lifestyles to support the planet's health. There are many ways by which you can also start to live 'greenly'. The actual meaning of green living is to live in a way that is ...

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Importance Of Unity And Harmony To Plato

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Plato who lived between 427-347 B.C is known for his development of many distinct areas in philosophy such as metaphysical, epistemology, aesthetics and ethics. Plato was a prototypical philosopher whose philosophical ideas had great impact on the subsequent political theories and concepts. Plato's philosophy is implied in the use of dialectic method in discussion which involves reflective insights into the nature. Also by way of cognitive optimism ...

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Geometrical Application Of Ordinary Differential Equation

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Many practical problems in science and engineering are formulated by finding how one quantity is related to, or depends upon, one or more (other) quantities defined In the problem. Often, it is easier to model a relation between the rates of changes in the variable rather than between the variables themselves. This study of this relationship gives rise to differential equation. Derivatives can always be interpreted as ...

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How Knowledge Is Generated

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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"Knowledge is generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking." Obliquely, the statement defines knowledge as of an Idea which may be achieved from the mind, but something of pre-existing idea it's not. "Knowledge can be generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking." would be a statement of which knowledge is defined as of something that may be discovered through the interaction of both ...

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Water And The Effects On The Human Body

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Water covered 70% of the earth surface and it is colorless, tasteless and odorless liquid. Water consists of physical and chemical properties. H2O is the chemical formula for water and its formula are one oxygen and two hydrogen. Water is the only natural substance that found in liquid, solid and gas. The boiling point for water is 100°C, however the freezing point is 0°C. H2O is a ...

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A Case Study Of Immanuel Kant

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Part 1 - Immanuel Kant wrote that "For Kant, then, the focus is on outcomes, or the ends of an action; in deontology the actions themselves must be ethical and moral, or the outcome is moot. Deontology argues that there are norms and truths that are universal for all humans; actions then have a predisposition to right or wrong, moral or immoral. Kant believed that humans should ...

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The Relationship Between Mass And Acceleration

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Mass is a property of matter equal to the measure of an object's resistance to changes in either the speed or direction of its motion. The mass of an object is not dependent on gravity and therefore is different from but proportional to its weight. Speed is the time rate of change of position of a body without regard to direction. Linear speed is commonly measured in ...

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Why Divorce Is A Good Thing

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

5 (1,829 )

We owe all the wonderful aspects of modern marriage to one thing: divorce. You will hear just the opposite, of course. Religious fundamentalists and politicians will tell you that divorce is crumbling our society, ruining children's lives, and weakening the moral character of the nation. Don't listen to them. They know perfectly well why divorce is a good thing, they just don't want you to ever find ...

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The Fox And The Grapes

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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A fox on its countryside stroll rests for a picnic under a tree intertwined with grape fruits and crow tries stealing his food without success. The crow discovers that foxes love grapes and offers to give them to him on the condition that he surrenders his picnic lunch (White & Rojo, p. 1911). The fox ponders and thinks that he can get the grapes himself. He tries ...

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Abortion And The View Of Richard Selzer

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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In his essay, "What I Saw at the Abortion," Dr. Richard Selzer writes about his experience witnessing an abortion for the first time. Selzers article persuade readers from the side of pro-life point of view by using very powerful technique - without includes anything that standing against pro-choice or effusively agreeing pro-life. His writing has neither fair nor biased in this article because it simply expresses how ...

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The History Of Descartes Dream Argument

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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In this paper, I will be discussing Descartes dream argument for which I will try to find reliable signs between being asleep and awake. When looking at Descartes argument I find it to be a valid argument due to its premises and structure. I will explain his argument, prove that it is factually sound and valid, and then discuss arguments against his argument and then refute them. ...

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Environmental Ethics And Social Responsibility

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Environmental ethics has become a hot topic of the modern era. Gone are the days of our natural surroundings being an afterthought. We, as a society, are now fully aware of the natural habitat in which we are a part of, what it does for us, and what we do and can do for it. This is significant as this recognition was, for the most part, absent ...

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A Critique On Rene Descartes Ontological Argument

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Of all the recurring questions of Man, one of the most persistent is the question of our origins. Specifically the question of what, if anything, caused us to exist. It has been argued by generations of minds, all seeking the definitive explanation of our existence. One such mind was that of Rene Descartes, a brilliant philosopher of his time, throughout and beyond ours. His ideas on geometry ...

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The Pragmatic Theory Of Truth William James

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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The Pragmatic theory of truth is made up of the accounts, definitions, and theories of the concept truth that distinguish the philosophies of pragmatism and pragmaticism. This concept of truth is the subject of many great thinkers' ideas, who influenced this area of philosophy and whose theories, though different have common features. These thinkers were Charles Sanders Peirce, William James and John Dewey. Some of the most ...

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Definition Of Treating Everyone Fairly

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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The application of common standards or same treatment does not necessarily mean respect for a person's personality or individualism. Individuals cannot create their own opportunities as they are state provided. People should be free to choose which job they want to do. Many people refuse that equality of opportunity exists in democratic societies. There are some arguments that equality is of no importance to most people due ...

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Tragic Heros In Shakespeare

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Macbeth serves as an example of a tragic hero in Shakespeare s Macbeth. His tragic decision stems from the influence of a tragic flaw. Once he has made the decision, it is irreversible, and produces his downfall. In an attempt to save himself, the tragic hero tries to reverse his decision, but ultimately fails. The tragic hero must be neither villain nor a virtuous man but a ...

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Scientific Knowledge Not Like Other Forms Of Knowledge

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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The argument that science possesses some inherent features not possessed by other disciplines, thus making scientific knowledge distinct from other forms of knowledge has long been debated by philosophers of science. Instinctively, when questioned, the layman may propose that what distinguishes scientific knowledge from other disciplines are the fundamental principles of scientific experimentation, hypothesis testing and theory construction and that the aim of science is ultimately to ...

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"All Men By Nature Desire Knowledge"

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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"All men by nature desire knowledge" quoted from Aristotles work "Metaphysics". Aristotle raises the idea of humans need for knowledge. Since the dawn of human life, we have been trying to acquire knowledge in all different areas of life , and in order for us to believe that piece of knowledge, we request supporting evidence that is based on various ways of knowing. To what extent we ...

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Locke's Criterion Of Personal Identity

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Who am I? What makes me, me? The theory of personal identity has been considered one of the most complicated questions that philosophy has taken a deeper look into. The theory of personal identity tries to "deal with the questions about how an individual at one time and place is the same individual at another time and place". When we look at personal identity, we are trying ...

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The Doctrine Of Double Effect

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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The Doctrine of Double Effect The principle of double effect also called the doctrine of double effect normally applied in the medicine, palliative care and war fields is always invoked in order to explain the permission to carry out an action that can cause serious harm. The harm in this case may include the death in human beings as a result of the side effects otherwise with ...

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Experts Are Not Always Right

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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First and foremost who is an expert. An expert may be defined as someone or is said to be someone widely recognized as a person having special skill or knowledge about a particular thing. An expert in other words is a person with intensive knowledge or idea based on research, experience or occupation in a certain area of study. An expert can be by virtue of education, ...

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True and something believed to be true

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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In the gospel of John in the New Testament (18:28-40), Jesus is brought before Pontius Pilate, a Roman governor. Pilate, who is a sensible and experienced man, is perplexed as to what Jesus has done to warrant a meeting with him. After a short exchange between the two men, we begin to see truth in two different ways. On the one hand, Jesus has a very firm ...

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Descartes And Locke: The Matrix

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Computer programmer Thomas A. Anderson leads a secret life as a hacker under the pseudonym "Neo" and wishes to learn the answer to the question "What is the Matrix?" The mysterious underground hacker offers him the opportunity to learn the truth about the Matrix. Morpheus offers Neo an option between two pills: A blue pill which would get him back in his original time, and a red ...

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The Concept Of Governmentality

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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The concept of governmentality is a neologism used by Michel Foucault in his work on modern forms of political power. It is a term that combines government and 'rationality', suggesting a form of political analysis that focuses on the forms of knowledge that make objects visible and available for governing. In Foucault's terms, governmentality refers to a distinctive modality for exercising power, one which is not reducible ...

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The Philosophy of Niccolo Machiavelli

03 Oct 2016 24 Apr 2017

5 (1,947 )

Who was Machiavelli the prince? What were his beliefs? Machiavelli was an Italian student of history, who was an ambassador in Florence Italy. He was a long time official in the Florentine Republic, with obligations in government and military issues. Machiavelli composed, in his novel the prince, the solid focal points in political power, including religion and good conduct. Machiavelli, composition amid a time of sensational change ...

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Difference Between Murder And Manslaughter

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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The prosecution must prove beyond all reasonable doubt Woolmington [1935] that the defendant committed the offence (actus reus) and also had the necessary state of mind for committing the offence (mens rea). Murder is the intention to kill or cause grievous harm. The actus reus of murder is if the act committed is intentional, unlawful and is the main cause of death. In Alf's case this is ...

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Is Morality Relative To Culture?

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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It's has been charged that truth or justification of moral judgement is not relative to some group of persons, but absolute. After having defined both objectivism and cultural relativism views about morality we'll try to argue the relativity of moral by 3 different ways. First at all metaethical relativism tries to challenge the existence of objective fact, then thinks about what motivate people to act in order ...

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A Response To Peter Singer

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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In "Famine, Affluence, and Morality," Peter Singer discusses that people are dying in Bengal from a lack of food, shelter, and medical care. Singer discusses in detail how poverty and war have created a large number of refugees that require millions just to keep them alive. Singer claims that countries and nations like Australia and Britain have given a considerable amount of assistance, but what has been ...

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The Types And Definitions Of Stigma

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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Stigma is a Greek word meaning mark, cut or burn into the skin, to identify criminal slaves as polluted and shunned in public. However, in a simple term stigma are classed as being represented for persons who are usually excluded from society due to a condition they themselves did not choose or over which they may have little control over, thus suffer from "existential stigma"; such as ...

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The Teachings Of Buddha And Buddhism

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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Buddha is the principal figure in the religion of Buddhism, and accounts of his life, discourses and simple rules, which involve the renouncing of earthly pursuits in order to wholly devote one's self to spiritual work, are believed to have been summarized after his demise and are memorized by his followers. Collections of the teachings attributed to him were originally passed down to generations by oral tradition, ...

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Importance Of Time In Distributed Systems

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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Time is an important and interesting issue in Distributed Systems for several reasons. First, time is a quantity we always want to measure accurately. In order to know at what time of day a particular event occurred at a particular computer, it is necessary to synchronize its clock with an authoritative, external source of time. Second, algorithms that depend upon clock synchronization have been developed for several ...

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The Queen Versuse Dudley And Stephens

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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In this report, I will be using the sited case - The Queen v. Dudley and Stephens (1884) with reference to the relevant moral philosophies to anlayse what are the possible options that people would decide when they are in the same situation as Dudley. Four English sailors were trapped at sea in a small lifeboat in the South Atlantic, over a thousand miles from land. They ...

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Aristotle In Virtue Ethics

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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Aristotle was a Greek philosopher, scientist as well as logician who lived between 384 and 322 BC. Aristotle is highly regarded as one of the famous thinkers in various fields such as political theory. He is an ancient thinker who was an effective contributor together with his teacher Plato. His desire and contribution started at an early age, at the time he was in school 'in Plato's ...

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The Moral Acceptability Of Passive Euthanasia

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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This paper will discuss the moral permissibility and acceptability of passive euthanasia, especially with regard to active euthanasia. The aim of the paper is to argue for the thesis that passive euthanasia is morally acceptable under certain conditions. I will present a defense of this thesis by defining its terms, distinguishing the various forms of euthanasia, especially between active and passive, as well as voluntary and non-voluntary ...

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Euthanasia From An Islamic Perspective

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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In our position paper, EUTHANASIA from an Islamic perspective, we are very clear that Active Euthanasia (giving lethal injection to end life, as an example) is not just absolutely prohibited; rather it is condemned in Islam. However declining treatment is allowed in Islam. Withdrawal of treatment is considered as passive euthanasia by some Muslim scholars, no matter how futile the treatment. In order to understand this contemporary ...

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Presence Of Evil Shows God Doesnt Exist

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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Evil can be defined as anything that is painful, malicious or disastrous. There is much evil in the world, which can be split into either natural or moral evil. Natural evil refers to suffering caused by natural disasters whereas moral evil refers to suffering which has been caused by human selfishness. [1] I believe that the existence of these evils in the world disproves the existence of God. These ...

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Fact Finding Techniques In System Investigation

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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Fact-finding is an important activity in system investigation. In this stage, the functioning of the system is to be understood by the system analyst to design the proposed system. Various methods are used for this and these are known as fact-finding techniques. The analyst needs to fully understand the current system. The analyst needs data about the requirements and demands of the project undertaken and the techniques ...

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The Golden Ratio: Importance

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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The great architect of age and every culture, the basis of which is Golden Ratio. Thesis statement: What is the Golden Ratio? How can one number be so important that countless historical figures have spent many years of their lives studying it and proving its existence? And why is it still so relevant in today's design and architecture? Introduction What is the most satisfying proportion in today ...

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Kohlberg: Theory Of Moral Reasoning

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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Moral reasoning is a segment of social cognition that particularly aims at understanding the reason to why young people involve themselves in criminal offenses or behaviors. In most cases delinquency is associated with delayed maturation and development of moral reasoning. For minors when an opportunity for a crime arises, their underdeveloped cognitive ability to control and resist the urge or temptation to offend allows them to go ...

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The Meaning Of Life Quotes

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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As you all know we all are here in this planet for a while only and our life or being born as a human is a gift irrespective of which race,creed and place you belong to.I believe that being born as a human one has to go through a mother of all possibilities of creation criterion,so I strongly believe that there is one unimaginable intelligent mind behind ...

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Independence Is The Freedom Of The Soul

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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INDEPENDENCE IS the freedom of the soul, a perception of the mind and a feeling understood by the heart. This freedom, perception and more importantly, this feeling is that of liberation, patriotism, self-dependence and other such things. When all such terms are put together and imposed upon the majority, it is a big responsibility on the youth of that nation and on those who create it. That ...

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The Philosophy Of Death

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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The Death of Ivan Ilych, by Leo Tolstoy provides a literary portrait of a mans life and death. This exercise aims to analyse denial and the inevitability of death, both its meaning and context, in 'The Death of Ivan Ilych', using the philosophy of Martin Heidegger in 'Being and Time'. The Death of Ivan Ilych In the study of literature, 'The Death of Ivan Ilych' is generally ...

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Is Power Central To Our Understanding Of Politics?

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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"The right of nature, which writers commonly call jus naturale, is the liberty each man hath to use his own power as he will himself for the preservation of his own nature; that is to say, of his own life; and consequently, of doing anything which, in his own judgement and reason, he shall conceive to be the aptest means thereunto." - Thomas Hobbes "… that during ...

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Pros And Cons Of Biotechnology

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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The Convention on Biological Diversity signed on 5 July 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Rio "Earth Summit") defines biotechnology: "as any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use". Understand the many disciplines that contribute to Biotechnology The main focus of biotechnology revolves around the use of molecular ...

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Resolving Conflicts And Possible Outcomes

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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There are many ways through which people can resolve conflicts between warring factions. These warring factions can be as few as two individuals, or they might be large people groups like countries. However, the ways of resolving conflicts do not all work in any one given situation? A person or groups of people ought to decide upon which the best way of resolving a given conflict is. ...

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Everyone Is Entitled To Their Own Opinion

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

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On December 10, 1948 the General Assembly of the United Nations proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Following this significant act the Assembly called upon all Member countries to announce the text of the Declaration, read and expounded principally in schools and other educational institutions, without difference based on the political status of countries or territories. So the question, if everyone is entitled to their own ...

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Distinguishing Whether Virtue Is Knowledge

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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Plato presents Socrates' views on the question whether virtue is knowledge and whether it can be taught in several dialogues, most notably in Meno. In this dialogue, Socrates makes many different arguments on the subject of virtue. These arguments include how virtue is defined and whether or not people can acquire it. He examines the ways that virtue can be attained; whether or not one is born ...

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The Davao Death Squad

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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Davao City would be a good example of an ideal city, a city that has been under the hands Mayor Duterte for about 10 yrs. Under his name, the Davao City has improved in terms of crime rates, discipline and other aspects. While he was the mayor of the city, it was said that he was involved in the death squad that was responsible for killings that ...

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'State Of Nature Would Be State Of War'

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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Thomas Hobbes set out to account for political authority with the use of the State of Nature. He illustrated what life outside of society without any overall authority keeping anyone in check would be like. Hobbes identified the State of Nature with a State of War but used "war" in an extended sense, to include not just armed hostilities but any situation where there is no reasonable ...

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The Importance Of Imaginary Places

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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I'd like to begin my essay from one quotation that helped me to understand the main direction of this work discussion. This quotation explains the main content of the notion imaginary places and their meaning for people. Let's look at it attentively and analyze how the World Trade Center site in New York City is now an "imaginary place." Leonard & Mcclure stated that "Such sites are, ...

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Distinguishing Men From Animals With Culture

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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"For culture is the sociological term for learned behaviour: behaviour which in man is not given at birth, which is not determined by his germ cells as the behaviour of wasps or the social ants, but must be learned anew from grown people by each new generation. The degree to which human achievements are dependent on this kind of learned behaviour is man's great claim to superiority ...

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Defining And Analysing Heroism

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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Heroism consists of actions that must help others, even if it is a possibility and risk of the helper s injury or even death. Some people consider heroism to be very close to altruism, but it is different. Where altruism emphasizes self-denying acts that help others, heroism means a personal sacrifice. The kernel of heroism rotates around of the obligation of the person to a noble goal ...

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Perspectives Of Moral Development

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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Morality has different principal meanings. In its first, descriptive usage, morality means a code of conduct or belief which is held to be authoritative in matters of right and wrong. Morals are created and defined by society, philosophy, religion, and/or individual conscience. Morality is also synonymous with ethics. Ethics is the philosophical study of the moral domain. Ethics seeks to address questions such as how a moral ...

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The Work Of Ruth Benedict

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

4 (1,502 )

Ruth Benedict's studies on moral relativism produced intriguing information regarding cultures, how they behave, and how customs are essential in determining an individual's perception of right and wrong. Among her most notable works is the book Patterns of Culture, which provides readers with a thorough explanation of the diversity put across by various cultures and of how it is wrong to judge one relating to principles that ...

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Sophie's World - Philosophical Question

23 Mar 2015 20 Apr 2017

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"All he knew was that he knew nothing - and it troubled him" (70). Socrates' once proclaimed that he himself had very little knowledge. The statement is ironic and yet it became the foundation for Socrates' and, in fact, the philosopher's pursuit for wisdom. In truth, Socrates did know something, and that is he knew very little. For him, it was not how a person knows; that's ...

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History Of The Scientific Method

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

4 (1,345 )

Do scientists need the Scientific Method to perform a meaningful experiment? It is undeniable that the best way to solve a problem in science is through a series of steps that lead to the solution. Since early stages in the development of Science, scientists have had the need of following certain steps in order to solve problems they were curious about to research. According to historians, Isaac ...

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Definition Nature And The Humanities

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

4 (1,275 )

Nature is the vague and elusive subject of millennia of thought. It is the tangible self evident life found in both backyards and expansive forests. Nature is a container for and of life, created but uncreatable. It is thought by some to be the creation of deliberate intention but which is unable to be created by human efforts. Of all the elusive traits attributable to this vague ...

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A Personality Self Evaluation

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

4 (1,501 )

In this particular instance the individual whose personality will be examined and evaluated is my own. To begin I will offer a brief overview of my personality as I see it, but this naturally comes with the disclaimer that my initial observations may be biased, especially considering that it is difficult for any person to view themselves objectively. From this point on I will also refer to ...

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Buddhism: What Is Nirvana?

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

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Buddhism represents one of the greatest religions in the world. Its roots are traced back in India, and today it forms the major religion of countries such as Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar and Cambodia. Buddhists have also been found to occupy some areas in Europe including Asia, Australia and America. The major distinguishing feature of Buddhism is that, Buddhists never believe in God as with ...

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The Theory Of Physicalism

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

3 (1,041 )

Abstract: Physicalism is the theory that the universe and its phenomenon can all be explained through physical laws because physicalists believe the universe is completely physical. A philosophical theory opposing physicalism is proposed by the knowledge argument. Proponents of the knowledge argument say that complete knowledge of the physical world does not explain the subjective experiences of perception and interpretation of outside stimuli. If this is the ...

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The Five Main Theories Of Truth

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

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There are five main theories of "truth", these are: the correspondence theory, the coherence theory, and the pragmatic, redundancy and semantic theories. All these theories are concerned with the truth and falsity of what people say or think. A.Correspondance Theory The correspondence theory of truth states that the falsity or truth of a statement can only be judged in its relationship to the world and whether it ...

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The Problem Of Determinism And Free Will

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

5 (1,931 )

I will be concerned with the problem of determinism and free will. In particular, I will be addressing Ayer's argument that we cannot be held morally responsible for our actions. Ayer's argument can be summarised as: P1. All human actions are governed by causal laws, or they are not. P2. If they are, then they are necessary. P3. If they are not, then they must occur by ...

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Kierkegaards View On Faith And Knowledge

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

4 (1,388 )

Kierkegaard, the father of existentialism, is often seen as a philosophical iconoclast, who rejects excessive formalism and instead believes in the subjectivity of the autonomous individual; autonomy for him is the best guide to what people should do ethically and ethics could in its turn enable the individual to approach knowledge through faith. This philosopher was thus often concerned with the nature of truth and knowledge especially ...

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Personal Experience Of Social Cognitive Theory

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

5 (1,854 )

The social cognitive theory refers to a psychological model of behavior that emerged primarily from the work of Albert Bandura. In today's psychological science, people are viewed as biological, psychological, and social organisms which entail thoughts, emotions, behaviors and social factors (Meyer, 1996). The social cognitive theory is a learning theory based on the idea that people learn by watching what others do and that thought processes ...

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Person Vs Human: What Makes A Man?

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

3 (833 )

"What makes up a man?" This is the philosophical question mainly explored in an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation, entitled "The Measure of a Man." In this episode, a formal hearing is held to debate whether or not Lieutenant Commander Data, an android who has been a long-time member of the Star Fleet, has the right to refuse undergoing a risky scientific experiment. The scientist ...

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Edward Lee Thorndike And His Behaviour Experiments

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

9 (3,464 )

Prior to Edward Lee Thorndike's landmark "experimental analysis of behaviour" in 1898, the study of the psychology of learning lacked a clear, defined research methodology. Research findings were very much subjective, lacking the quantitative evidence that would give them scientific credence and avoiding impreciseness and ambiguities in their interpretation. People were asked to "look inside their minds and describe what they were thinking." (Ormrod, 2008). This method ...

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Pro-utilitarianism and ethical decision-making

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

3 (940 )

In its simplest form, utilitarianism presents the means of decision making as a process of elimination. When contemplating which choices are ultimately right or wrong, utilitarianism suggests that the most accurate decisions are those that offer the greatest net outcome, in contributing to the pleasure or happiness amongst a majority of people. Calculating the quantity of pain and pleasure in these decisions allows for the elimination of ...

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Challenges Faced By Socrates

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

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Socrates developed this philosophy when he himself was facing some challenges as he was facing trial for corrupting young people and undermining the state religion. Socrates once said that the unexamined life is not worth living. In this he was Socrates wanted forward various issues including the independent of mind or autonomy, if an individual does not reflect on their values and life and just living life ...

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The Ethics Of Poverty

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

6 (2,106 )

I will begin this delicate topic with some information about poverty and then I will explain the differences between those who believe it is not our duty to provide support to the impoverished and those who do. Regardless of who is morally right or wrong or who is responsible for helping the poor, poverty will always be a part of life in this world. There will always ...

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Affected Business Ethics For Nike

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

6 (2,016 )

Globalisation is 'the process of transformation of regional phenomena into global...thorough communications' (8). Due to globalisation organisations trade and communicate on an international level through integration. Causing the 'Flattering of the Globe' (9) as said by T. L Friedman mentioning how the world is becoming a smaller place, people argue globalisation has affected people worldwide for the best and for the worst. Multi-national Corporations (MNC's) have been ...

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The Movie: The Devils Advocate

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

3 (1,038 )

I had a chance to watch the movie The Devils Advocate that was directed by Taylor Hackford and released in 1997. This movie is one of the best films that have some deep theology over the doctrine of God and the philosophical problem of evil. In fact, the problem of evil has been discussed over the long centuries, and the debate still rages on today. After watching ...

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Dualism And Dualistic Interactionism

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

6 (2,099 )

Dualism was believed to approach by Pythagoras nearly 6th Century B.C.E. Pythagoras believe on transmigration of soul-means that when a person died, the soul is immortal and bound to divide soul. However , Pythagoras's theory is not likely famous during that time. Later, Plato shows the disjunctive between mind and body. Plato think that body is like a prison used to trap mind/soul. After death, the body ...

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The Role Of Pleasure In The Happy Life

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

6 (2,059 )

Choose two philosophers covered so far and use their work to discuss the role of "pleasure" in the happy life. I choose to pick Epicurus as one of the philosophers to be discussed because he is one of the most important figures in philosophy to be discussing on the topic of pleasure, it is interesting to discover just which category does Epicurus belong to. Was he just an ...

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Universal Characters Of Human Rights

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

8 (2,839 )

One of the most essential characteristics of human rights is universality. The concept of universality has been analyzed, discussed, and used in several contexts and different ways by various scholars. This argument gives rise to the debate between realists and nominalists. The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary simply defines the word 'universal' (universus) as a general term or concept having universal effect or application at all times and ...

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The Rationalism Of Rene Descartes

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

4 (1,520 )

In the early part of the Meditations, it has been quite clear that Descartes was very much leaning towards solipsism, a philosophy that asserts only the self exists. This is what makes his rationalism quite unique. His rationalism put everything under radical doubt. He had earlier on declared that he exists only because he thinks and doubts things. To put it simply, he exists because he thinks ...

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Animals For Testing And Research Studies

23 Mar 2015 18 Apr 2017

8 (3,187 )

This report is based on the Literature Review about ethical dilemma that arises over the controversy of using Animals for Testing and Research Studies. We have tried to explain in brief about Animal Testing and discussed broadly with the Ethical Theories that support and argue about the Use of Animals. We have also tried to relate all the ethical dilemma with respect to P&G, who over the ...

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Premarital Sex And Promiscuity

23 Mar 2015 14 Apr 2017

5 (1,719 )

This essay will be discussing the topic of promiscuity and premarital sex from both Elliston's and Punzo's theories. According to Punzo on Premarital sex, it is for two people to have engaged in a sexual contact/intercourse without having the full commitment but on the other hand, promiscuity according to Elliston it is to have sex with many different people without having any commitment. When comparing both, Punzo ...

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Doubt Is The Father Of Invention

23 Mar 2015 14 Apr 2017

4 (1,247 )

Galileo Galilei once said, "Doubt is the father of invention". Thus we can say that, doubt is one of the factors which can influence the expansion of knowledge. For me I believe doubt sometimes tends to call on reason and somehow encourages people to hesitate before acting or belief. Thus we can say that doubt is the key to knowledge where with the feeling of doubt, people ...

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Ethical Behaviour Within The Work Place Philosophy Essay

23 Mar 2015 14 Apr 2017

7 (2,541 )

Yes I believe that the use of ethical behavior will pay off in the long run. I believe that the ethical behavior at work place is highly influenced by the leaders at workplace. We human beings are social animals and as a part of one of our basic instincts we like to copy people we admire and respect. So if the leader is transparent, truthful, self-sacrificing and ...

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Rousseau's Argument on General Will

23 Mar 2015 14 Apr 2017

5 (1,813 )

Jean-Jacques Rousseau is one of the most influential thinkers during the Enlightenment in eighteenth century Europe. He was born on June 28, 1712 in Geneva, Switzerland. Rousseau won recognition as a writer, although the authorities make every effort to suppress Rousseau's writings. His notion of individual liberty and his convictions about political unity helped to fuel the romantic spirit of the French Revolution. Jean-Jacques Rousseau authored a ...

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Macbeth: The Vaulting Ambition

23 Mar 2015 14 Apr 2017

3 (1,013 )

Shakespeares Macbeth is considered to be one of the best plays ever written. It is set in Scotland in the medieval times, around the 11th century. The play focuses on the psychological effects performed on the main character Macbeth. Macbeth shows us how dramatically his representation changes. Macbeth at the beginning is a highly respected and well-known war-hero. However the seed of change is planted when he ...

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Ethical judgments limit knowledge in the arts and natural sciences

03 Oct 2016 13 Apr 2017

5 (1,981 )

Ethical judgments limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both the arts and the natural sciences. The significance of ethics and interpretations people obtain about ethics can vary. Ethics comes from the Greek word “ethos” which means “character”.[1] Ethics refers to personal standards of what is right or wrong in terms of the well-being of individuals and society which concepts have been derived ...

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An Introduction To Logic Gates - Essay

23 Mar 2015 13 Apr 2017

10 (3,652 )

Logic circuit is one that behaves like a switch, i.e. a two-positive devise with ON or OFF states. This is termed as binary device, in which the ON state is represented by 1 and the OFF state by 0. We require devising a logic statement which can be expressed in only one of two forms. For instance As you may know, computers store information in gigabytes, megabytes, ...

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