The death penalty as a form of punishment

23 Mar 2015 01 May 2017

4 (1,441 )

The death penalty has been used throughout all of history as a form of punishment. In the past it was used by leaders to keep citizens in line. There are currently 35 states in the US that have the death penalty in place. This particular social issue is still under a lot of debate in the United States and around the world. Some of the questions it ...

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The Principles Of Derridas Deconstruction

23 Mar 2015 01 May 2017

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Derridas deconstruction begins identifying a disjuncture in discursive use of language. When the principle of absolute identity or fixity is sustained as a ground for any form of philosophical inquiry, made possible by the use of language, a particular discourse can present itself as necessary truths, not merely as contingent. This is done to showcase an independent, pure reality, of the presence of things, beings, the subjects ...

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A Critical Review of Hedonism

03 Oct 2016 01 May 2017

3 (1,162 )

Abstract The term Hedonism refers theories that involve happiness and pleasure in the supreme end of life. Hedonism is the doctrine that pleasure is the sole good. (Banks) Within the criminal justice system there exist two forms of hedonism, psychological hedonism and ethical hedonism. Ethical hedonism refers to the view that not only do people seek pleasure, but they also ought to seek pleasure because pleasure ...

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The Relationship Between Our Senses And Architecture

23 Mar 2015 01 May 2017

6 (2,006 )

"…. we all begin as hearing beings - our four and a half month baptism in a sea of sound must have a profound and everlasting effect on us - but from the moment of birth onward, hearing seems to recede into the background of our consciousness and functions more as an accompaniment to what we see. Why this should be, rather than the reverse, is a ...

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Collective Happiness And Individual Happiness

23 Mar 2015 01 May 2017

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Happiness is the concern both to the public and the philosophers. But the contradiction of individual happiness and the collective happiness is always the argument in many theories. In the view of Utilitarianism, collective happiness should be in the most significant status. In order to achieve this aim, it is worthy to sacrifice the minority's individual happiness. But whether that is the most efficient and effective way? ...

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Virtue Ethics And Deontology

23 Mar 2015 01 May 2017

3 (979 )

The purpose of this essay is to talk about virtue ethics, Deontology and I 'm going to talk about its meaning and how a person that practices, or have this kind of ethics system will act if he or she would be in a dilemma; it is important to remember that I am going to show this on the different ethics systems that I am going to ...

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Minds, Brains And Programs: Analysis

23 Mar 2015 01 May 2017

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"Searle is arguing that a computer couldn't understand Chinese". Is this the right way to describe the view that Searle is arguing for in "Minds, Brains, and Programs"? If not, why not? In his Chinese Room argument, Searle observes that if manipulating Chinese symbols according to formal rules is insufficient for the person to understand Chinese, it is also insufficient for a computer to understand Chinese-both are ...

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Positivism and study of society

23 Mar 2015 01 May 2017

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Positivism was named by Auguste Comte in 19th century, which was influenced by early empiricism of Enlightenment- with achieve the targets which include make objective knowledge and formulate the universal laws. The Rationalism also contributed positivism to improve the human conditions but not God (Smith, 2003, p76). Positivism has three development stages after it was mentioned- the early positivism, the logical positivism and standard positivism (Smith, 2003, ...

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Thomas Nagel's Moral Luck

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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The concept of "moral luck" has been assessed by many forbearers, It is the idea that that the actions people make depend on factors out of their control, yet we continue to treat them as the object of moral judgment. In Nagel's "Moral Luck," Nagel identifies the problem moral luck as a conflict between our actions and principles that most share about mortality. He brings up a ...

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Is Killing And Letting Die The Same Thing?

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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It should be clear, I think, that "kill" and "let die" are too blunt to be useful tools for the solving of this problem [1] ." The problem he is referring to is we tend to think that killing and letting have completely different perceptions. Thomson tries to give more details and explanation that killing and letting die might be the same thing whether we wish to believe it ...

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Puritan View: God And Human Nature

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

5 (1,763 )

History is cyclical. That is the simple nature of it. There are always old ideas, traditional views of the way the world works that have been in place for a long time that are supplanted by new, "radical" ideas. These new ideas stay in place and become tradition until they are replaced by newer ideas and so on and so forth. That is the way of history ...

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Ethical To Monitor Employees Whilst In Workplace

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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The development of Information Communication Technology has created new ethical dilemmas due to the out-of-date moral, legal, and social boundaries. These boundaries can be represented by rules and legislation, laws and human nature. The expansion of technology has created a new era of office work. The majority of offices around the world are now filled with newly available technological advances; from personal computers to large network servers. ...

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Evolution Vs Creationism Debate

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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The question of our origin is probably one of the oldest and most controversial issues in the entire history of science. Is man only a written creation greater than in many religious texts, or is man merely another creature that has developed from nature? One of the main themes for this dilemma is the limitation that exists in our universe to be in a position either to ...

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Analysing The Wealth Of Money And Knowledge

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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In the modern society, there are certain major of groups believe that having money over lapse the concept of having more knowledge. Conversely, there are a number of people believe that without a good education, we might not make it in the fast growing society. On certain levels, having a certain amount of money or knowledge does provide benefits to individuals that possess it. We might be ...

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Plato Justice Versus Injustice

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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Plato, one of the famous philosophers of our time, tried to define the value of justice in his writing. In Republic, books one through four, Plato writes about a conversation Socrates and Thrasymachus' had discussing justice. While Thrasymachus' claims that injustice is more preferable to justice, Socrates tries to counter is claim through a series of five acceptable facts. The first acceptable fact says "Every X has ...

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Defining And Understanding Common Sense Justice

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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The delivery of the black-letter law has not been satisfactory to both the society and the jurors. Jurors coming to the box may walk out dissatisfied with how the verdict is delivered and the verdict itself. Of interest in particular is how the law deals with death penalty and insanity cases. Commonsense justice is viewed as a possible alternative to resolving these cases, as it is considered ...

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The Principles Of Lying

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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Immanuel Kant, German philosopher, said that lying was always morally wrong. To tell a lie contradicts the part of oneself that gives them moral worth. To receive a lie takes away a person's free choice to decide other than what they would have had they known the truth. The two reasons lying is morally wrong, according to Kant, is lying contradicts the part of me that gives ...

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Living And Just Being Alive

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

3 (1,185 )

Is there a difference between living and just being alive. And is it ever morally okay for a life to be ended. Physician Assisted Death can be broken down into two categories; Active Euthanasia and Passive Euthanasia. Active Euthanasia is defined as the active acceleration of a "good" death by use of drugs etc, whether by oneself or with the aid of a doctor. (Medterms) Passive Euthanasia ...

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The Relationship Between Society And The Individual

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

4 (1,457 )

New 'Values'In Brave New World 'Everyone else is belongs to everyone else' is whispered to human's ears during their sleep in Brave New World; from the very beginning of their lives until their last day human creatures are designed to think and live as 'society' wants them to do so, they do not have individual choices and freedom. In order to make society run smoothly, human beings ...

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The Death With Dignity Act

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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Although the Death with Dignity Act empowers individuals to control the timing of their death, physician assisted suicide still remains a controversial topic in today's society that raises many ethical questions. These questions include: Who is the true owner of our lives? Should relieving suffering always be the highest priority or does suffering occur for a reason? Is suicide a purely individual choice (Mathes, 2004)? The answers ...

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Entropy And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

6 (2,325 )

The paper examines, explain clearly, rigorously the term entropy, then discuss and evaluate its meaning in the context of the second law of thermodynamics. Also It will give a historical overview of the term entropy and it will give some examples which are taken from the daily life and with these, I will try to explain clearly the term entropy and its intention not only in the ...

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John Locke's Social Contract Theory

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

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The agreement of the society to surrender its rights partially or entirely to the ruling government or authority is a social contract. The social contract is the basis of society's moral values today because it gives government the liberty to decide what is right and wrong depending on each society's socialization structure, all in the name of the rule of law. The social contract theory has been ...

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The Laws Of Thermodynamics

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

4 (1,205 )

This writing assignment explains some essential ideas about the Laws of Thermodynamics and how oranges exist given the Law of Thermodynamics, along with ideas of entropy. Oranges are considered structured because of the fact that entropy is an expression of the randomness or disorder as well as the energy from high temperature region to low temperature areas. Since orange molecules are not closed system and assuming that ...

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Life: A Fusion Of Pleasure And Pain

23 Mar 2015 28 Apr 2017

4 (1,519 )

A mixture of happiness and sorrow; a beautiful blending of light and dark. Human existence is comprised of an interweaving web of joy and despair; a web from which we cannot escape. Many of the works that we have read in class reflect on this "fusion" that we call "life." Maurice Blanchot adequately summarizes the essence of human existence as quoted from "The Infinite Conversation:" "The man ...

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The More Convincing Theory Of Justice

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

4 (1,556 )

Justice has always been a major subject for debates and exploration among philosophers and for centuries. Plato and Aristotle, the two most important philosophers of Western civilisation are the earliest to investigate different dimensions of justice and develope their own theories respectively. Before a closer examination of their concepts, one must first define the term. Justice is defined as "just behaviour or treatment " and "the quality ...

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Is It Justified To Restrict Freedom Of Expression?

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

5 (1,988 )

Freedom of expression has been a controversial issue for centuries. It has been oppressed and sometimes lead to death for people such as Plato and Thomas Edison who found out and tried to spread the word that the earth is round. In these modern times, there is more liberty for expressing our thoughts, but there are still complaints and cases where it is still being suppressed based ...

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The Importance Of Logic And Language

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

5 (1,980 )

Language is defined as anybody which can be written, spoken shown or otherwise communicated between people. It is method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way. Language is the most complex form of communication. Language problems are extremely complex, perhaps comparable with the complexities of human life itself. The importance of language is essential to ...

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The Ethical Decision Making

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

9 (3,599 )

Ethics and morality are entwined together, concerning how we ought to act and behave within the boundaries of standards that govern certain actions being right or wrong. Karhausen (1987) simply described ethics being characterised as a philosophical discipline, surrounding the evaluation and justifications of norms of personal and interpersonal behaviour. Within ethics people make rational processes through moral dilemmas by applying a criteria or moral principles in ...

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Deontological And Teleological Ethical Theories

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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The word ethics comes from the Greek ethos, meaning something like morals. In fact, ethics is defined as the systematic reflection on what is moral. In this definition, morality is the whole of opinions, decisions and actions with which people express what they think is good or right. So, in short, to think ethically, you need to systematically reflect on what people think is good or right. ...

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What Is Ethics And Its Types

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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Ethics are principles of professionals conduct. Ethics is broader than what is stated by law, customs and public opinion. For example, accepting gifts from father in law might be socially acceptable but not ethically. Ethical behaviour may differ from society to society for example: birth control is mandatory in communist societies but not in catholic Christian society. Ethical standards are ideals of human conduct. Defining ethical standards ...

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We Can Actually Use First Aid

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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We cannot predict anything, we can never tell when an accident will occur, but there is one thing for sure, we can prevent added injury or pain if we know how to demonstrate first aid. Last January 15, 2013, we have our guest speaker in the class to discuss and help us with the basic knowledge about first aid. The simple discussion helped us learn the importance ...

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The Positive Research Paradigm

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

8 (2,969 )

A paradigm can be defined as a set of shared assumptions about some aspect of the world. A research paradigm directs our approach towards research by defining the ontology and epistemology of our research. That is, a paradigm denotes its members shared premise regarding the nature of reality, the purpose of research and the form of knowledge it provides. (OATES, 2007:282; LEE, 2004:5) Lee (2004:5-6) notes that ...

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Beliefs Or Knowledge That Is Independent Of Culture

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

4 (1,445 )

The prescribed topic assumes that "knowledge and beliefs are linked to culture" .so what is knowledge?, what are beliefs?, what is culture?.Belief is defined as" a principle or idea considered to be true" (Webster's dictionary, 2004) .By this definition the meaning that I got was belief is a conviction or an opinion without caring whether there is proof or not. So what is knowledge? Knowledge is "what ...

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Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

3 (851 )

How did the universe begin? Throughout history, that question has probably been the most debated topics between the philosophical, scientific and religious communities. I believe it is human nature in us that continues to seek the answers to "why" and "how" and not just sit back on blind faith. Even with today's advances in science about our universe and its origin, we are no closer to providing ...

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Does Descartes Provide A Convincing Argument?

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

4 (1,475 )

Dualism is the philosophical belief that mind and matter are fundamentally distinct substances. William G. Lycan states that "according to Cartesian dualism, minds are purely spiritual and radically non-spatial, having neither size nor location" (Lycan, 47) and indeed, Descartes reached his conclusion by arguing that the mind and body are completely different in nature, making it possible for one to exist without the other. Whilst Descartes attempted ...

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Paper On Meno By Plato Learning Is Recollecting

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

4 (1,313 )

Meno is one of the Platonic dialogues, where Socrates and his student Meno talks about the recollection of knowledge (knowledge is learned from previous experience). The dialogue between Socrates and Meno starts when Meno asks "What is virtue and can it be taught?" Meno attempts to define virtue by saying that it is ruling over people justly and moderately. Socrates agrees that justice and moderation are a ...

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The History Of Psychology and Philosophy

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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Throughout the course of history, psychology has taken shape and formed into a field of science that is essential in modern times. Psychology's origins are deeply rooted in the field of philosophy, dating back to the ancient Greeks with such recognizable names as Aristotle and Plato, who began contemplating the causes of human behavior before even physiology and anatomy would connect the brain to behavior. Many philosophers ...

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Foucault's Analysis Of Power

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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For Foucault, 'knowledge ceases to be about liberation and becomes a mode of surveillance, regulation and discipline'. Examine this statement in relation to Foucault's analysis of power. The issue of 'power' is a topic which has perplexed not only many Sociologists, but certainly many scholars within the field of Philosophy, Psychology and indeed many others. The Sociologist most noted with this theory is Michel Foucault. Foucault gave ...

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An Understanding Of The Term 'Looking Glass Self'

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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In his book Human Nature and the Social Order (1902), the pioneering American sociologist Charles Horton Cooley introduced, somewhat incidentally, the term "looking-glass self." This metaphor has since become a standard concept in American sociology with a larger meaning than Cooley himself first implied or envisioned, and with important implications in psychology, ethical studies, theories of child rearing, and other fields. Cooley meant by this term that ...

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Ethics From Immanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 - 12 February 1804) was an 18th-century German philosopher from the Prussian city of Königsberg. Kant was the last influential philosopher of modern Europe in the classic sequence of the theory of knowledge during the Enlightenment beginning with thinkers John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume.[1] A philosopher who lived a life of stringent discipline & routine. He took a passionate interest ...

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Real Danger Men: Begin To Think Like Computers

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

5 (1,944 )

This quote by Sydney G. Harris has several connotations to it. In one view, it essentially shows that how we work, how we live and even the way we think is constrained by the tools that we use. Explaining it with a very simple example, as an adult in the world today, we do not have to write anything at all. We just type everything. So, there ...

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Concerned With Voluntary Euthanasia

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

5 (1,875 )

J. David Velleman and Dan W. Brock are both concerned with voluntary euthanasia; a competent patient making a voluntary request to have his or her life ended. The arguments laid out in Velleman's, "Against the Right to Die", and Brock's, "Voluntary Active Euthanasia" deal with active and passive voluntary euthanasia. Active being that the patient actively takes the last step in their death, while passive is usually ...

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Living A Life By Kierkegaard And Camus

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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Does life have any meaning? Stay tuned because two philosophers tried to answer this question for you and I. Soren Kierkegaard and Albert Camus both examined human existence, the meaning of life and the constant struggle to find answers in the world. Kierkegaard, also known as the "father of existentialism" focused on the Christian faith/doctrine in relation to the existence of God. His view on religion signifies ...

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Eros And Civilization Analysis

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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In order to be able to fully understand this literary piece of work, it is important to first start by defining a few terms that will mostly be referred to in this piece of work; Eros refers to an instinct that works towards self-preservation, pleasure and procreation. When the three are considered in a group, they are what constitute Eros. Civilization is a state or condition of ...

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Are Same Sex Sexual Relationships Morally Permissible?

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

5 (1,787 )

Homosexuality has been for much of recorded human history a controversial topic, and has become even more so with the advent of religion. Most, if not all religious systems vehemently oppose homosexuality, so far as to condemn homosexuals to everlasting torture in the "fires of hell." However, judging the immorality of a deed simply by referring to divine sources is fallacious; it runs contrary to established modern ...

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The Concept Of Happiness

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

5 (1,932 )

However dull ones life may be there are times when one cannot help but question the meaningfulness of it. The subject of death is often a prime example of how people begin to question the value of life. Death usually brings people down and it makes them wonder if there is a meaning to existence or whether the recently deceased found it. In such situations, most of ...

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Philosophical Implications Of Artificial Intelligence

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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INTRODUCTION: For a long period of time philosophers are trying to resolve the questions related to artificial intelligence. Like, how minds are working? Can machines act intelligently like humans do?, if its so would they really have brain? What would be the ethical implications in that? The philosophers view about AI is that machines act intelligent and do to actually thinking are in strong AI categories. They ...

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The morality of toture: Suspected Criminals And Terrorists

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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The principle of torture has been brought back into the forefront of philosophical debate following the September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks in New York bringing about the 'War on Terror.' So much so, that torture has been considered as a way of combating problems with suspected criminals and terrorists. The matter of torture has been the centre of legal discussion, often being juxtaposed against the human rights ...

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Poppers Falsifiability As A Criterion Of Demarcation

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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The problem of demarcation has long preoccupied philosophers of science who wished to differentiate pseudo-science from science itself. Many solutions have been attempted, but it is still, in my opinion, Popper's falsfiability which addresses the demarcation problem most effectively. This paper will therefore argue for a revised use of falsifiability as a criterion of demarcation. To argue this point, a clear explanation of Popper's falsfiability criterion will ...

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The Proof Of Gods Existence

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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When non-Christians and anti-Christians ask that God does not exist and Bible is merely a book, how do Christians answer to them and what should Christians say? Christians are in difficulties to explain God, Bible, and salvation to secular people, because belief of Christians is based on the Holy Bible, which seculars do not believe in, and because Christians do not like explain these thing through secular ...

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Euthanasia: The Right To Die

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

6 (2,357 )

Euthanasia is the intentional killing of a human being either because he/she has requested for it or when the person being killed hasn't made any request at all. This topic has always brought about so much controversy amongst people in most countries. Everyone in this world has his own experience with death. At least you have witnessed someone die or you have lost a friend or a ...

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Ross Theory Of Prima Facie Duties

23 Mar 2015 27 Apr 2017

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Prima facie, a Latin name is mainly used in academic philosophy and law to mean apparently correct or at first glance. The idea of prima facie duties first originated with David Ross, who was a Scottish philosopher. Ross was among the great proponents of intuitionism or ethical pluralism theory. According to the theory, good is indefinable and there exist moral truths which are self evident (Ross, 2002 ...

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Buddhism As A Path To Enlightenment

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

5 (1,652 )

Buddhism is not about God or Gods, it does not supply a theory about what may happen in the afterlife, nor does it express views about creation; it is based in the world of daily living. Most religions have deep theoretical foundations they are built upon, and most people within such religions have faith that the theory is true. Buddhism does not address theories; it does not ...

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Plato on Gender: An analysis

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Plato on Gender Platonic advocacy of female public engagement as articulated in Republic V challenges an organizational ethos by which the activities, movement, and behavior of women were severely restricted. Indeed the role of women in Plato’s political philosophy is arguably at odds, not only with the negative and oppressive depiction of women in Athenian philosophical thought at large, but also with the broader Platonic corpus which ...

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Doubt Is The Key To Knowledge

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Doubt is the feeling of uncertain towards the truth. Persian proverb says that 'doubt is the key to knowledge'. The 'key' here means that the uncertain feelings bring us closer to the truth and making the level of knowledge increases. But, is it applicable in our daily life? Does doubt keeps someone to expand his knowledge in everyday life? If in a situation, an IB student doubt ...

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Human Nature In The War Of The Worlds

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Explore the theme of humanity under threat in H.G Wells 'The War of the Worlds.' In H.G Wells' The War of the Worlds, the Martian invaders view mans culture and society with less regard than a man would the itch from a flea. Wells depicts mans insignificance in the workings of unfathomable Martian intentions; "It was never a war, any more than there's a war between men ...

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The Effects And Importance Of Work

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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"Work is at the root of a meaningful life, the path to individual independence, and a necessity for human survival and flourishing. It is also the distinctive means by which men concretize their identity as rational, goal-directed beings." - Edward W. Younkins. Discuss. Work has a common human practice since the beginning of civilizations. It is the secret behind social progress and the defining characteristic of man. ...

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An Overview Of Critical Legal Studies

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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The given quotation in question is by Robert Gordon, in Law & Ideology as featured in Lloyd's Introduction to Jurisprudence by MDA Freeman where he has touched upon critical legal studies. For our purposes, my answer will provide a short explanation of what the critical legal studies is about, then it will feature how law maintains inequality according to critical legal scholars, and what techniques are adopted ...

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Morality Towards Animals Kantian Vs Utilitarian

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Historically, there has been some debate between Kantian and Utilitarian philosophers on the moral status of animals. This great debate over whether or not moral consideration should be granted to non-human animals deserves to be rectified at some point. Many argue that there is a resolution to this debate that can be used via a distinction between the two to clearly distinguish human beings from all other ...

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Theories Of Punishment Understanding Deviance

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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The classical school represented by the works of Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria assumes that the rational decision is always the decision that will maximise gain and minimise pain for each individual: the felicitation principle that lies behind the penal policy of deterrence. Hence, if the actor is rational, the state can influence any given decision by ensuring that the system of investigating criminal activity will swiftly ...

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Superstructure In Marxist Cultural Theory

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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The oft-cited passage from Marxs preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy in which he states that the economic structure, or base, of society is its "real basis, on which arises a legal and political superstructure" (source); contains perhaps the most contentious aspects of Marxist theory. The implicit ideas within these few sentences concerning the relationship between the base and the superstructure have excited ...

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The Definition Of Biomimicry

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Product design inspired by nature simply means that designers look to the nature for answer when they were in process of designing it. The action of copying from nature is called biomimicry. Biomimicry is not an entirely new idea to humans. The hook and loop fasterner or known as Velcro was invented in 1948 based on the bur plants. Biomimicry is important in product design because nature ...

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Green Living: What Is It?

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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The earth, as we know it is deteriorating in ways more than one. In order to set it right and restore the balance of events, we need to take an initiate and change our lifestyles to support the planet's health. There are many ways by which you can also start to live 'greenly'. The actual meaning of green living is to live in a way that is ...

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Importance Of Unity And Harmony To Plato

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Plato who lived between 427-347 B.C is known for his development of many distinct areas in philosophy such as metaphysical, epistemology, aesthetics and ethics. Plato was a prototypical philosopher whose philosophical ideas had great impact on the subsequent political theories and concepts. Plato's philosophy is implied in the use of dialectic method in discussion which involves reflective insights into the nature. Also by way of cognitive optimism ...

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Geometrical Application Of Ordinary Differential Equation

23 Mar 2015 25 Apr 2017

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Many practical problems in science and engineering are formulated by finding how one quantity is related to, or depends upon, one or more (other) quantities defined In the problem. Often, it is easier to model a relation between the rates of changes in the variable rather than between the variables themselves. This study of this relationship gives rise to differential equation. Derivatives can always be interpreted as ...

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How Knowledge Is Generated

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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"Knowledge is generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking." Obliquely, the statement defines knowledge as of an Idea which may be achieved from the mind, but something of pre-existing idea it's not. "Knowledge can be generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking." would be a statement of which knowledge is defined as of something that may be discovered through the interaction of both ...

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Water And The Effects On The Human Body

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Water covered 70% of the earth surface and it is colorless, tasteless and odorless liquid. Water consists of physical and chemical properties. H2O is the chemical formula for water and its formula are one oxygen and two hydrogen. Water is the only natural substance that found in liquid, solid and gas. The boiling point for water is 100°C, however the freezing point is 0°C. H2O is a ...

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A Case Study Of Immanuel Kant

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Part 1 - Immanuel Kant wrote that "For Kant, then, the focus is on outcomes, or the ends of an action; in deontology the actions themselves must be ethical and moral, or the outcome is moot. Deontology argues that there are norms and truths that are universal for all humans; actions then have a predisposition to right or wrong, moral or immoral. Kant believed that humans should ...

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The Relationship Between Mass And Acceleration

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

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Mass is a property of matter equal to the measure of an object's resistance to changes in either the speed or direction of its motion. The mass of an object is not dependent on gravity and therefore is different from but proportional to its weight. Speed is the time rate of change of position of a body without regard to direction. Linear speed is commonly measured in ...

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Why Divorce Is A Good Thing

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

5 (1,829 )

We owe all the wonderful aspects of modern marriage to one thing: divorce. You will hear just the opposite, of course. Religious fundamentalists and politicians will tell you that divorce is crumbling our society, ruining children's lives, and weakening the moral character of the nation. Don't listen to them. They know perfectly well why divorce is a good thing, they just don't want you to ever find ...

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The Fox And The Grapes

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

4 (1,470 )

A fox on its countryside stroll rests for a picnic under a tree intertwined with grape fruits and crow tries stealing his food without success. The crow discovers that foxes love grapes and offers to give them to him on the condition that he surrenders his picnic lunch (White & Rojo, p. 1911). The fox ponders and thinks that he can get the grapes himself. He tries ...

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Abortion And The View Of Richard Selzer

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

3 (1,122 )

In his essay, "What I Saw at the Abortion," Dr. Richard Selzer writes about his experience witnessing an abortion for the first time. Selzers article persuade readers from the side of pro-life point of view by using very powerful technique - without includes anything that standing against pro-choice or effusively agreeing pro-life. His writing has neither fair nor biased in this article because it simply expresses how ...

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The History Of Descartes Dream Argument

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

3 (1,103 )

In this paper, I will be discussing Descartes dream argument for which I will try to find reliable signs between being asleep and awake. When looking at Descartes argument I find it to be a valid argument due to its premises and structure. I will explain his argument, prove that it is factually sound and valid, and then discuss arguments against his argument and then refute them. ...

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Environmental Ethics And Social Responsibility

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

4 (1,429 )

Environmental ethics has become a hot topic of the modern era. Gone are the days of our natural surroundings being an afterthought. We, as a society, are now fully aware of the natural habitat in which we are a part of, what it does for us, and what we do and can do for it. This is significant as this recognition was, for the most part, absent ...

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A Critique On Rene Descartes Ontological Argument

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

4 (1,501 )

Of all the recurring questions of Man, one of the most persistent is the question of our origins. Specifically the question of what, if anything, caused us to exist. It has been argued by generations of minds, all seeking the definitive explanation of our existence. One such mind was that of Rene Descartes, a brilliant philosopher of his time, throughout and beyond ours. His ideas on geometry ...

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The Pragmatic Theory Of Truth William James

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

8 (2,998 )

The Pragmatic theory of truth is made up of the accounts, definitions, and theories of the concept truth that distinguish the philosophies of pragmatism and pragmaticism. This concept of truth is the subject of many great thinkers' ideas, who influenced this area of philosophy and whose theories, though different have common features. These thinkers were Charles Sanders Peirce, William James and John Dewey. Some of the most ...

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Definition Of Treating Everyone Fairly

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

8 (3,027 )

The application of common standards or same treatment does not necessarily mean respect for a person's personality or individualism. Individuals cannot create their own opportunities as they are state provided. People should be free to choose which job they want to do. Many people refuse that equality of opportunity exists in democratic societies. There are some arguments that equality is of no importance to most people due ...

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Tragic Heros In Shakespeare

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

3 (1,007 )

Macbeth serves as an example of a tragic hero in Shakespeare s Macbeth. His tragic decision stems from the influence of a tragic flaw. Once he has made the decision, it is irreversible, and produces his downfall. In an attempt to save himself, the tragic hero tries to reverse his decision, but ultimately fails. The tragic hero must be neither villain nor a virtuous man but a ...

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Scientific Knowledge Not Like Other Forms Of Knowledge

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

7 (2,493 )

The argument that science possesses some inherent features not possessed by other disciplines, thus making scientific knowledge distinct from other forms of knowledge has long been debated by philosophers of science. Instinctively, when questioned, the layman may propose that what distinguishes scientific knowledge from other disciplines are the fundamental principles of scientific experimentation, hypothesis testing and theory construction and that the aim of science is ultimately to ...

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"All Men By Nature Desire Knowledge"

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

4 (1,484 )

"All men by nature desire knowledge" quoted from Aristotles work "Metaphysics". Aristotle raises the idea of humans need for knowledge. Since the dawn of human life, we have been trying to acquire knowledge in all different areas of life , and in order for us to believe that piece of knowledge, we request supporting evidence that is based on various ways of knowing. To what extent we ...

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Locke's Criterion Of Personal Identity

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

4 (1,599 )

Who am I? What makes me, me? The theory of personal identity has been considered one of the most complicated questions that philosophy has taken a deeper look into. The theory of personal identity tries to "deal with the questions about how an individual at one time and place is the same individual at another time and place". When we look at personal identity, we are trying ...

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The Doctrine Of Double Effect

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

3 (1,138 )

The Doctrine of Double Effect The principle of double effect also called the doctrine of double effect normally applied in the medicine, palliative care and war fields is always invoked in order to explain the permission to carry out an action that can cause serious harm. The harm in this case may include the death in human beings as a result of the side effects otherwise with ...

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Experts Are Not Always Right

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

4 (1,319 )

First and foremost who is an expert. An expert may be defined as someone or is said to be someone widely recognized as a person having special skill or knowledge about a particular thing. An expert in other words is a person with intensive knowledge or idea based on research, experience or occupation in a certain area of study. An expert can be by virtue of education, ...

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True and something believed to be true

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

6 (2,096 )

In the gospel of John in the New Testament (18:28-40), Jesus is brought before Pontius Pilate, a Roman governor. Pilate, who is a sensible and experienced man, is perplexed as to what Jesus has done to warrant a meeting with him. After a short exchange between the two men, we begin to see truth in two different ways. On the one hand, Jesus has a very firm ...

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Descartes And Locke: The Matrix

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

3 (948 )

Computer programmer Thomas A. Anderson leads a secret life as a hacker under the pseudonym "Neo" and wishes to learn the answer to the question "What is the Matrix?" The mysterious underground hacker offers him the opportunity to learn the truth about the Matrix. Morpheus offers Neo an option between two pills: A blue pill which would get him back in his original time, and a red ...

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The Concept Of Governmentality

23 Mar 2015 24 Apr 2017

6 (2,030 )

The concept of governmentality is a neologism used by Michel Foucault in his work on modern forms of political power. It is a term that combines government and 'rationality', suggesting a form of political analysis that focuses on the forms of knowledge that make objects visible and available for governing. In Foucault's terms, governmentality refers to a distinctive modality for exercising power, one which is not reducible ...

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The Philosophy of Niccolo Machiavelli

03 Oct 2016 24 Apr 2017

5 (1,947 )

Who was Machiavelli the prince? What were his beliefs? Machiavelli was an Italian student of history, who was an ambassador in Florence Italy. He was a long time official in the Florentine Republic, with obligations in government and military issues. Machiavelli composed, in his novel the prince, the solid focal points in political power, including religion and good conduct. Machiavelli, composition amid a time of sensational change ...

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Difference Between Murder And Manslaughter

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

7 (2,495 )

The prosecution must prove beyond all reasonable doubt Woolmington [1935] that the defendant committed the offence (actus reus) and also had the necessary state of mind for committing the offence (mens rea). Murder is the intention to kill or cause grievous harm. The actus reus of murder is if the act committed is intentional, unlawful and is the main cause of death. In Alf's case this is ...

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Is Morality Relative To Culture?

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

5 (1,636 )

It's has been charged that truth or justification of moral judgement is not relative to some group of persons, but absolute. After having defined both objectivism and cultural relativism views about morality we'll try to argue the relativity of moral by 3 different ways. First at all metaethical relativism tries to challenge the existence of objective fact, then thinks about what motivate people to act in order ...

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A Response To Peter Singer

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

4 (1,271 )

In "Famine, Affluence, and Morality," Peter Singer discusses that people are dying in Bengal from a lack of food, shelter, and medical care. Singer discusses in detail how poverty and war have created a large number of refugees that require millions just to keep them alive. Singer claims that countries and nations like Australia and Britain have given a considerable amount of assistance, but what has been ...

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The Types And Definitions Of Stigma

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

5 (1,775 )

Stigma is a Greek word meaning mark, cut or burn into the skin, to identify criminal slaves as polluted and shunned in public. However, in a simple term stigma are classed as being represented for persons who are usually excluded from society due to a condition they themselves did not choose or over which they may have little control over, thus suffer from "existential stigma"; such as ...

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The Teachings Of Buddha And Buddhism

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

8 (2,893 )

Buddha is the principal figure in the religion of Buddhism, and accounts of his life, discourses and simple rules, which involve the renouncing of earthly pursuits in order to wholly devote one's self to spiritual work, are believed to have been summarized after his demise and are memorized by his followers. Collections of the teachings attributed to him were originally passed down to generations by oral tradition, ...

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Importance Of Time In Distributed Systems

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

10 (3,951 )

Time is an important and interesting issue in Distributed Systems for several reasons. First, time is a quantity we always want to measure accurately. In order to know at what time of day a particular event occurred at a particular computer, it is necessary to synchronize its clock with an authoritative, external source of time. Second, algorithms that depend upon clock synchronization have been developed for several ...

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The Queen Versuse Dudley And Stephens

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

6 (2,399 )

In this report, I will be using the sited case - The Queen v. Dudley and Stephens (1884) with reference to the relevant moral philosophies to anlayse what are the possible options that people would decide when they are in the same situation as Dudley. Four English sailors were trapped at sea in a small lifeboat in the South Atlantic, over a thousand miles from land. They ...

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Aristotle In Virtue Ethics

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

4 (1,381 )

Aristotle was a Greek philosopher, scientist as well as logician who lived between 384 and 322 BC. Aristotle is highly regarded as one of the famous thinkers in various fields such as political theory. He is an ancient thinker who was an effective contributor together with his teacher Plato. His desire and contribution started at an early age, at the time he was in school 'in Plato's ...

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The Moral Acceptability Of Passive Euthanasia

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

6 (2,391 )

This paper will discuss the moral permissibility and acceptability of passive euthanasia, especially with regard to active euthanasia. The aim of the paper is to argue for the thesis that passive euthanasia is morally acceptable under certain conditions. I will present a defense of this thesis by defining its terms, distinguishing the various forms of euthanasia, especially between active and passive, as well as voluntary and non-voluntary ...

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Euthanasia From An Islamic Perspective

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

8 (3,058 )

In our position paper, EUTHANASIA from an Islamic perspective, we are very clear that Active Euthanasia (giving lethal injection to end life, as an example) is not just absolutely prohibited; rather it is condemned in Islam. However declining treatment is allowed in Islam. Withdrawal of treatment is considered as passive euthanasia by some Muslim scholars, no matter how futile the treatment. In order to understand this contemporary ...

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Presence Of Evil Shows God Doesnt Exist

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

4 (1,555 )

Evil can be defined as anything that is painful, malicious or disastrous. There is much evil in the world, which can be split into either natural or moral evil. Natural evil refers to suffering caused by natural disasters whereas moral evil refers to suffering which has been caused by human selfishness. [1] I believe that the existence of these evils in the world disproves the existence of God. These ...

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Fact Finding Techniques In System Investigation

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

15 (5,741 )

Fact-finding is an important activity in system investigation. In this stage, the functioning of the system is to be understood by the system analyst to design the proposed system. Various methods are used for this and these are known as fact-finding techniques. The analyst needs to fully understand the current system. The analyst needs data about the requirements and demands of the project undertaken and the techniques ...

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The Golden Ratio: Importance

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

7 (2,783 )

The great architect of age and every culture, the basis of which is Golden Ratio. Thesis statement: What is the Golden Ratio? How can one number be so important that countless historical figures have spent many years of their lives studying it and proving its existence? And why is it still so relevant in today's design and architecture? Introduction What is the most satisfying proportion in today ...

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