Nursing Practice Development Contemporary Issues

Published Date: 02 Nov 2017

Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai said the Minister of Health, Malaysia (2008 -) and Bentong MP (1999 -). He also was chairman of the MCA Youth since 2005. In the MCA elections in March 2010, Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai has won the post of deputy president. He was born in Malacca. He graduated with a Bachelor of Science graduate of the National University of Malaysia in the field of nutrition. He then continue their studies by taking a Master of Business Administration (MBA).He joined the MCA from 1981. In the 2008 General Election Malaysia Bentong parliamentary seat he won defeating candidates from the Justice Party, the majority of Govindasamy Ponusamy 12.549.

It is a priority of the Government of Malaysia to succeed and bring prosperity to the people with the means to ensure sustainable economic growth, spending money wisely and improving the living standards of people across the country. In addition, the government is just really hope that the shortage of nurses in Malaysia to be addressed in order to provide excellent service in the medical world. 80 years changing the government's education system to Bahasa Malaysia. However, in 1990 - 2000 in career change has occurred which raised the image of the nursing profession, the changes in them are as follows: -

Enhanced learning of nursing diploma to degree. System back into English studies and reference materials studies focused on English. This method of teaching is a two-way such as: case study, reflection, Problem-based learning mentor-mentee system was introduced, contract learning and distance education are also implemented.

The history and development of the nursing profession provides an introduction to the basic development of health sciences and the profession. It covers his philosophy, professional role, the historical development of professions in this field at the international level and in changes national health care system in Malaysia according to the needs of society today.

Now, this nursing program has been specifically designed to produce graduates competent professional nurses, caring, 'Humane', and practice 'safe practice' during the treatment. Students enrolled in this program will gain knowledge and skills in the field of Nursing and Health Sciences and Science treatment for carrying treatment when they are placed in clinical training on the job later.

Meanwhile, the goal of nursing degree program is to foster graduates to be more committed to enhance the careers through lifelong learning (self-directed life long learning). Basic research skills in the undergraduate program to exploit the research results in improving the quality of care. Therefore, nurses should be enriched with new skills in order to fill the demands of patients now and the future. In other words the more mature nurse and competitive with age Meanwhile, the goal of nursing degree program is to foster graduates to be more committed to enhance the careers through lifelong learning (self-directed life long learning).

Currently, nurses’ salary issue has been improved ranging from RM1,630 in public and RM1,800-RM2,000 in private health care centers including allowances. It is debatable that in private health care centers, nurses are to pay for treatment if they exceed the limited amount which is as low as RM300.00 per year as out patient treatment. It could be argued that nurses should be given full medical benefit including their spouse and siblings. Nurses are to be valued for their contribution in the organization which will act as encouragement to stay.

Basic research skills in the undergraduate program to exploit the research results in improving the quality of care. Therefore, nurses should be enriched with new skills in order to fill the demands of patients now and the future. In other words the more mature nurse and competitive With age circulation to new technology, nursing graduate thinking also needs to be changed. Perception of the new millennium nurses also need to be changed to be more spacious and open. And at this time, we can see local and private Nursing College has set up like mushrooms. Many parents who send their children to college because according to studies, career nurses in the present age is the most career public on demand both locally and overseas. Salary offered is high and coupled with critical allowances they receive. It is also showed by the top ten salary worldwide in the website. For instance, in the Philippines, the half doctor would changed their profession to become nurses because the oppurtunity to work in the USA.

Actually there are many other less know the nurse's job more secure than other areas. Career received a lucrative starting salary, including various allowances and incentives. In fact, nurses have the opportunity to pursue academic degrees up to doctorate level to new technology. Nursing graduate thinking also needs to be changed and the perception of the new millennium nurses also need to be changed to be more spacious and open. And at this time, we can see local and private Nursing College has set up like mushrooms. Many parents who send their children to college because according to studies, career nurses in the present age is the most career public on demand both locally and overseas. Salary offered is high and coupled with critical allowances they receive which already stated by the top ten salary worldwide in the website.

Establishment of a nursing faculty not only meet the demands of Kifaya obligatory, but this area has a great future as the country is still a shortage of nurses. Last year, Health Minister Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai said in his speech assured the government is trying to achieve the target ratio of one nurse for every 200 residents by 2015.

Now the ratio is 1:375. In response to the government's target, College of Poly-Tech Mara (CPTM) achieved another milestone in Nursing Program introduced new campus at Waterfront City, Valley Sireh, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Dean of the Faculty of Nursing Sireh CPTM Valley, Rogayah Abdul Rahim said the establishment of the Faculty of Nursing is a college initiative to respond to the Government's call to meet the needs of professionals in the health sciences.

Health services industry provides vast employment opportunities for fresh graduates such as nursing, pharmacy, rehabilitation and therapy, health counseling and the like. The demand for a challenging career in this field requires graduates to equip themselves with a variety of additional skills such as interpersonal skills, emotional maturity, patience and motivation levels high.

CPTM Nursing Diploma program began with its first intake of 150 students in March 2006, after approval of the Nursing Board Malaysia (IEM.The implementation of this program in its early stages is at CPTM Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu, but now has moved to the Waterfront branch, Sireh Valley, also in Kota Bharu.

Rogayah said Nursing Diploma program runs for three years (six semesters) to produce nurses who are capable of critical thinking, competent, ethical and skills while giving holistic care to patients. Students are given theoretical knowledge of the disease and care management. In addition to theory, they will undergo laboratory nursing skills to equip themselves with treatment procedures. Students will be housed in government hospitals and government health clinics to undergo practical training under the supervision of lecturers and supervisors clinic each semester.

In addition, the objective is to provide nursing and nursing education the best and stay abreast of the latest medical advances and global health. According to him, CPTM provides graduates with learning and curriculum that meet the Nursing Board Malaysia, thus producing a generation of high-quality nurses in terms of skills and knowledge that have good values ​​and a caring attitude.

It stimulates interest and minds of students to continue to focus on the science of nursing up to the highest level and provide a competent paramedic resources to meet the needs of the country. International Council of Nurses (ICN) in the statistics show, Malaysia will lack 70.000 nurses by 2020. Despite the government's efforts to train thousands of nurses, Malaysia became the largest factory exporting nurses all over the world, it shows no unemployment among nurses in Malaysia. This is in contrast with the neighboring countries that experienced 30 to 10 percent of unemployed nurses. Meanwhile, the director KPTM Valley Sireh. Now with there new campus at the Waterfront, it could meet the shortage of nurses in the field.

On the issue of the disease in this country. Number of dengue cases reported for the year 2012 has registered an increase compared to the year 2011. Total cumulative cases reported until December 15, 2012 amounted to 20.923 cases compared to 19.105 cases in 2011, an increase of 10% of the cases. The Ministry of Health aims to reduce by 10% over the previous year. In this case, all members of the Ministry of Health at the state and county will make a commitment to ensure that dengue prevention and control programs implemented more efficiently and effectively. Therefore, many students are able to be less interested in a nursing career. Furthermore, community nurses lackluster career as a respectable job. According Liafchenko (1997), nurse jobs are "doing the dirty job".

The cultural beliefs and values among some Chinese community that health care centers are for sick people only and it is an unhealthy enviroment has declined the enviroment in the nursing profession. Nursing career is suffering of poor image due the lack of knowledge among public about the advencement of nursing profession.

Demand for health services continues to increase due to population growth and the provision of quality health services by the MOH. The Ministry of Health has obtained additional posts of 7.290 posts of various schemes of service and grade by Operating Budget (ABM) in 2012. In addition, the federal agency has approved a total of 1.681 additional nurse positions to appoint private colleges graduate nurses employed by the MOH. They have been appointed and is present on all MOH health facilities throughout the country.

 

In the meantime, the Government has approved the Incentive Payment Post Basic (BIPB) at the rate of RM100 per month to all members of the MOH Paramedics who have post-basic certificate in one of the 26 critical areas of specialization and critical care since 2007. As an appreciation of paramedics, the Government extends BIPB payments to members Paramedic for 11 new areas, bringing the total area of ​​the eligible post-basic BIPB of 37 fields. Implementation aims to encourage more members qualified paramedics in the field of specialization include infection control, HIV / AIDS counseling, diabetes management, gastrointestinal endoscopy, premier health care, rehabilitation, forensics, microbiology, pediatric dentistry, sports medicine and breast imaging.

Malaysian Nurses Association has been conducting public awareness seminars, during which the role of the nurses are being explored. Public are becoming more aware of nursing profession now. Nurses are involved in conducting health campaigns in public by doing health screening and health education. The exposure of nurses to public community has improved their thoughts and currently public are more aware that nurses are knowledgeable and capable. It could be argued that the exposure about the nursing proffesion has not reached the optimum level among public there is need for further action to be implemented.

In addition, the problem facing a shortage of nurses because more of them choose to work in other countries, particularly in West Asia. On the implementation of the National Health Insurance Scheme, the scheme is still refined by the government. Preliminary report on the scheme is not satisfactory. Therefore, the Director General of Health ordered that the scheme be reviewed so that it fits the needs of Malaysia.Kerajaan can not run this program based on the situation overseas, it would otherwise have to be carried out in the local context. Currently, 98 percent of the cost of treating people in hospitals subsidized by the government.

Nursing is no longer viewed as such an attractive career for young women, with so many other favorable career option available now. Another reason is that preference among the school leavers to pursue professional courses such as medicine and law. According to Pearson(2004),while nursing continuous to suffer from image problem,perceived as subservient to medicine,lack of remuneration and inflaxible working condition will further discauraged the enrollment in nursing profession.

Career prospect for nurses is good and has been improved now. There are opportunity to pursue the career prospect as a clinical practitioner, nurse educator, nurse administrator or nurse researcher. It could be argued that new strategies could be adopted to make nursing a more attractive career for men and women in the 21st century so that nursing graduates are prepared for the ‘real world’ of health care. There are "open day" organized by Nursing Colleges and Universities, which are aimed for the school leavers and public to gain more information regarding curriculum of nursing courses which are being conducted presently.

Nurses are doing most the doctor’s job such as intravenous line insertion and blood taking for patients. Nurses are able to spent very limited time with patient care. Working life has deteriorated and contributions are not been given due recognition as reflected by the remuneration the nurses received. According to Bolton(2004),goverment and management led initiatives to deliver quality patient service at lower cost has deeply affected nursing work. As a result many has left due to dissatisfaction with working conditions and enviroment.

Conclusion

Datuk Liow Tiong Lai has explained that efforts to meet the shortage of doctors in hospitals due to the outflow of 300 government doctors to private hospitals each year. The government has created a program to allow doctors from private hospitals in the government sector in spare time but the results are not satisfactory.

Most doctors from private hospitals that participate in this program is for the patient but not many doctors working in the government who participate in this program. This may be due to government hospitals offer less attractive and we need to review the terms of services offered to these specialist doctors. After the inauguration of the Conference Breast Pathology Update in Hospital Putrajaya. But the shortage of doctors and nurses in government hospitals to be addressed immediately because more people may choose treatment at government hospitals following the increase in fuel prices announced by the government recently ini.If the local doctor still is not enough then the government would seek a doctor from abroad. Malaysia currently has 500 foreign doctors.

INTRODUCTION.

Nursing is known as a service discipline found in the knowledge of sciences, humanistic, human experience which is scholarly profession. The theories from nursing and other disciplines for the promotion of care of the sick, health and the

support to individuals and families in the final stage. The focus of nursing care is to meet the needs of the individual as member of family, culture and society because it will affect the whole part so the emphasis for the holistic nursing approach. Nursing provide supportive, recuperative care and education for individuals who need nursing care promotion in maintaining health and cope with the illness. The nursing process is utilized by nurses within their roles, as they work cooperatively with patients, families and groups in finding solutions to individual and community health problems.

The Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) provide direct individualized care with the shared responsibility for the care. This is what the health care team need to do. The nursing education is facilitate students to develop knowledge, skills and attitude for level practical nursing. Upon entry into practice, the practical nursing graduate is prepared to function as a novice generalist in the role of provider and manager of cares, teachers, patients advocate, and member within the discipline of nursing. Associate degree education is one of the establish entry point to professional nursing practice into where the LPN may articulate. The ADN-RN ( Associate Degree Nursing – Registed Nurses ) manage the care of assign patients and supervises care given by others licensed and unlicensed health personnel.The baccalaureate degree nurse is distinguish from the associates degree nurse in the breadth and depth of care of the group and community as client and in leadership and research expectations.Nurses of all educational levels practice collaboratively and complement each other in a cooperative venture, with the shared

goal of providing quality care. In this environment, nurses undertake the shared goal of protecting the health and safety of the patient, regardless of their education level.

Other health staff should also be added to help doctors perform maintenance. For example, nurses should be able to perform routine ultrasound examinations to pregnant mothers. This certainly can reduce patient waiting time and allows the doctor to focus on aspects of care and patient counseling. They also need to be trained with the latest guidelines when screening patients come so emergency cases could be given proper priority.

Patients also must comply with appointment time for each patient will usually be seen by a doctor for five to 15 minutes as needed. Try to be a patient in an ethical and virtuous as the doctors and other health caregivers are ready to serve the best for you