What Is A File Access Control Mechanism

Published Date: 02 Nov 2017

Abstract

Acknowledgement

Introduction

The Most important part in a computer or laptop or any technological is its operating system Because operating system is needed for the Computer to run.

Every operating system performs general tasks such as recognizing input, Output and keeping track of files and directions on the disk

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/O/operating_system.html

An operating systems main function is to prevent and protect from unauthorized accessibility of files. At some cases the files which are highly confidential can be only accessed by the owner or the people or organization who are legally allowed to access it .The operating System acts as an Guardian and a protector for the files for both access and mode of access.

In the following the first part deals about this following factor by his selected Operating systems. They are

Windows 7

Red hat (An OS version of LINUX)

File access control mechanism

What is a File access control mechanism??....

To understand it we should know what is a File system and some information about the different types of file access controls.

File system is a feature which all the hard disk uses. It basically creates roots directory and subsequent directory under it .These roots contain the physical location of each and every data is stored.It doesn’t mater where the computer stores data whether it is in the Hard disk,CD or any other storage devices each has its own file systems to store its data.

http://www.techterms.com/definition/filesystem

Each and every OS has its own File Acces System

File System

Based on

FAT (File Allocation Table)

DOS and Microsoft Windows

NTFS (New Technology File System)

Microsoft Windows NT

MFS (Macintosh File System)

Mac OS

HFS Plus (Hierarchical File System)

Mac OS

HFS (Hierarchical File System)

Mac OS

Pro (ProDOS File System)

Mac OS

ext2 (Second Extended File System)

Linux

ext3 (Third Extended File System)

Linux

vfat (Virtual File Allocation Table)

Linux

HPFS (High Performance File System)

Linux

HPFS-2(High Performance File System)

Linux

FFS (Fast File System)

Linux

BFS (Be File System)

BeOS

UFS (UNIX File System)

UNIX

File access Control

A File Access Definition allows you to control access to data in specified tables and columns, or use a default setting to control access to tables and columns for which access is not granted explicitly. You can define access permissions by creating an access list for a table, column, or the default. All users are allowed unlimited access to archived data to which an access list does not apply. File Access Definition specifications for tables and columns that do not exist in an associated Archive File do not affect the security of the file. http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/idm/v2r2/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.optimd.install.doc%2FapxD_Security%2Fopinstall-r-file_access_definition.html

Access control list

Stands for "Access Control List." An ACL is a list of user permissions for a file, folder, or other object. It defines what users and groups can access the object and what operations they can perform. These operations typically include read, write, andexecute. For example, if an ACL specifies read-only access for a specific user of a file, that user will be able open the file, but cannot write to it or run the file.

http://www.techterms.com/definition/acl

Access Control Entry

Abbreviated as ACE, access control entry is an entry in an access control list (ACL) that will grant or deny a user or group access to a resource.

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/access_control_entry.html

File access control of Red Hat

http://www.vector-logo.net/logo_preview/eps/l/Linux_Red_Hat.png

Windows 7

http://apcmag.com/images/win7_pro.jpg

Although the look of Windows 7 may seem to be nothing more than some polish applied liberally to the Vista Aero theme, make no mistake: this is a full replacement operating system, and more than just "Vista done right." From driver support to multitouch groundwork for the future, from better battery management to the most user-friendly interface Microsoft has ever had, Windows 7 is hardly half-baked.

Read more: http://www.cnet.com/windows-7/#ixzz2RZNmx6FF

The good: Strong design and Microsoft don't always go together, but they do in Windows 7. Users might take a while to get used to the new taskbar and Aero Peek, but they're a pleasure to use.

The bad: Performance is still hit-or-miss in Windows 7. At the ripe age of seven, Windows XP still performs better in some categories.

The bottom line: Windows 7 is more than what Vista should have been, it's where Microsoft needed to go. How much damage Vista did and whether Windows 7 is enough for people to finally abandon Windows XP are questions that nobody has the answers to right now.

 Windows 7 is more than just spin. It's stable, smooth, and highly polished, introducing new graphical features, a new taskbar that can compete handily with the Mac OS X dock, and device management and security enhancements that make it both easier to use and safer. Importantly, it won't require the hardware upgrades that Vista demanded, partially because the hardware has caught up, and partially because Microsoft has gone to great lengths to make Windows 7 accessible to as many people as possible.

Every object has an owner, whether the object is in an NTFS volume or in Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS). The owner controls how permissions are set on the object and to whom permissions are granted.

By default, the owner is the entity that created the object. The owner can always change permissions on an object, even when the owner is denied all access to the object.

Ownership can be taken by:

An administrator. By default, the Administrators group is given the Take ownership of files or other objectsuser right.

Any user or group who has the Take Ownership permission on the object.

A user who has the Restore files and directories user right.

Ownership can be transferred in the following ways:

The current owner can grant the Take Ownership permission to another user if that user is a member of a group defined in the current owner's access token. The user must actually take ownership to complete the transfer.

An administrator can take ownership.

A user who has the Restore files and directories user right can double-click Other users and groups and choose any user or group to assign ownership to. 

File Ownership

The owner of the object controls how permissions are set on the object and to whom permissions are granted.

The Take Ownership permission on an object or the Restore files and directories user right are the minimum requirements to complete this procedure. Review the details in "Additional considerations" in this topic.

To take ownership of a file or folder

Open Windows Explorer, and then locate the file or folder you want to take ownership of.

Right-click the file or folder, click Properties, and then click the Security tab

Click Security in the properties and select the Advanced options, and then click the Owner tab.

Click Edit, and then do one of the following:

To change the owner to a user or group that is not listed, click Other users and groups and, inEnter the object name to select (examples), type the name of the user or group, and then clickOK. 

To change the owner to a user or group that is listed, in the Change owner to box, click the new owner. 

(Optional) To change the owner of all subcontainers and objects within the tree, select the Replace owner on subcontainers and objects check box.