The History Of Using Zigbee Technology

Published Date: 02 Nov 2017

Using Zigbee Technology

The purpose of this paper is to design an automation system that can be used to switch ON, OFF and get know STATUS of the electrical appliances by using personal computer using Zigbee wireless technology. ZigBee is a new technology, whose goal is to eliminate wired connections between home appliances and personal computer. Instead of connecting with wires, every appliance has small transmitters or receivers. The home appliances are connected to the input/output ports of the embedded system board and their status are passed to the server. The monitoring and control software engine is based on the combination of NetBeans and EmbeddedC. The Home Appliances can be monitored and accessed remotely by user via SMS or EMAIL where GSM Modem comes into use. The system is scalable and allows multi-vendor appliances to be added with no major changes to its core. Password protection is used to block unauthorized users from accessing the appliances at home. Another important feature is the security system that will continuously monitor the status of home appliances and take adequate actions if required.

Key Terms:

Introduction:

In recent years, mans work and life are increasingly tight with telecommunication and information. The informationized society has changed human beings way of life as well as challenged the traditional residence. Followed by the rapid economic expansion, living standard keeps raising up day by day that people have a higher requirement for dwelling functions. The intellectualized society brings diversified information and safe, comfortable and convenient life has become the ideal for every modern family.

The system will carry out the goal of modernized home integration system of automation control and management, house burglarproof and security and remotely control the household electric appliances through internet. The basic target of intellectual home automation system is to provide people a comfortable, safe, convenient and high efficient life environment and a humanistic service.

Proposed System:

System Objective and Goals:

The Objective is to develop a smart home system monitored by Personal computer, to design a smart home system based on Zigbee wireless technology and 89c51 and to develop a system that can reduce the waste of electricity, saves human energy and makes human life easier. The Goal is to continuous monitor the devices, to change the status of devices conveniently and remotely access the home appliances.

Related Works:

Neng presented an architecture for home automation [1] The work showed how home appliances could be controlled by an integrated system. However, the proposed system is based on a dedicated network and has never been tested on the Internet. Moreover, the system only shows how to solve home automation problems at the software level; hardware aspects

were not considered. Sriskanthan proposed an automation system that can control

home appliances from a PC using Bluetooth [2]. However, the system cannot be controlled remotely through the Internet. Another approach to home automation using Bluetooth was discussed by Shepered [3] but no implementations were proposed. Wong introduced a phone-based system for home and office automation using a hardware-based remote controller for home

appliances [4]. Communication takes place via a dedicated telephone line not via the Internet. A similar system has been designed for remote home automation using the telephone by

Coskun and Ardam [5].

System Architecture:

The overall system is divided into two parts. The first part is concerned with the hardware development where all electronic components are connected on a single microcontroller board. Personal computer is the input component while fluorescent lamp and fan are the output components which are controlled by controller circuit. Zigbee eliminates wired connections between home appliances and personal computer. Instead of connecting with wires, every appliance has small transmitters or receivers.

The second part is based on software programming to operate the hardware structure. The system is built using two languages. Embedded C language is used for 89c51. Java is used for creating GUI for personal computer .In order to achieve better automation system, the security system can be added to this project where more sensor and load can be connected to the microcontroller serial port.

Block diag

The core of the home automation system consists of two hardware components: the home server and the microcontroller board. The home server is a high-end PC that hosts the Java-based management and control algorithm that enables the user to access the home appliances through SMS. It communicates with the microcontroller board through ZigBee. If the user wants to access the home appliances remotely, he will send a SMS through his phone eg. Device1 ## ON ,which will then be processed by the GSM modem at the Home Server side. This interpreted command is then sent by the server to the microcontroller board where the devices will respond as per the commands (i.e. switch ON or OFF).

Fig:-

Hardware and Software Architecture:

SR.NO.

COMPONENT

DESCRIPTION

1.

Microcontroller-89c51

The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM).

2.

ADC0808

It is a monolithic CMOS device with an 8-bit analog-to-digital converter, 8-channel multiplexer and microprocessor compatible control logic.

3.

MAX232

It converts signals from an RS-232 serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits.

The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals.

4.

ULN2803

A ULN2803 is an Integrated Circuit (IC) chip with a High Voltage/High Current Darlington Transistor Array. The chip takes low level signals (TLL, CMOS, PMOS, NMOS which operate at low voltages and low currents) switching on or off a higher level signal on the opposite side.

5.

Pull-Up Registers

They are used in electronic logic circuits to ensure that inputs to logic systems settle at expected logic levels if external devices are disconnected or high-impedance is introduced.

6.

ZigBee

It is a specification for high level communication protocol using small low power digital radios for personal area networks.

The system is built using two languages. Embedded C language is used for 8951. Embedded C language is assembled using Kiel Compiler to get the hex file. The hex file is loaded into microcontroller memory. Java is used for creating GUI for personal computer. J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition) Java would be the required as language for development of the project. JDK is the development kit used to compile java programs. AWT and SWING are used for GUI design. In order to achieve better automation system, the security system can be added to this project where more sensor and load can be connected to the microcontroller serial port.

Conclusion:

Controlling home appliances with wireless technology has revolutionized our way of living. Home owners can come to an ideal environment coming from their daily activities. Technique used in this system is not complex.In this proposed home automated system remote access to home appliances is possible via mobile or email.

Status of devices can be monitored by remote user and security agent. Using ZigBee we can reduce the wiring between the different components in the system making it compact and cost effective.

In future many more features can be added in it like home appliances can be controlled by using voice call by implementing more secure and efficient techniques.