The History Of The Integrated Daq System

Published Date: 02 Nov 2017

The integration of distinct gets on PC into a DAQ system can be made by treating Single board computer system in a analogous way that hardware substance are treated. During suspicious propose, an insignificant regular edifice is used similar to a software bus with the purpose of linked to a set of hardware specific code exacting by the variety of being used. A basic communication protocol combines with little compact readout routine consequence of a system as a high-speed data readout device.

ARM and FPGA processors are the mainly flexible components in the embedded system Design and it achieved the reliability through hardware and software technology. These Processor form RISC architecture and high level programming language. Hard and soft core processor are the different type of processor implemented in FPGA. Several factors influence an embedded processor implementation include obvious and concrete system requirement. The component in the FPGA board include ana log multiplexer, buffer, Ana log to digital converter, SDRAM and FIFO. These further components are used for interfacing both the inputs to the chip and output to the PC. The input voltage commands are multiplexed, digitized and stored in SDRAM. The data from the ADC is stored in SDRAM in consecutive locations. The FPGA is used to reduce the bandwidth of the external data by implementing appropriate filter using the soft processor implemented in the FPGA. Then the data is the taken by the FPGA and it is framed as per the Ethernet protocol. The data is then transmitted to the SDRAM in the Ethernet

Controller. For FPGA it allow the user to be able to interface to a PC for data restoration and monitoring. Now a day’s Lab view platform is an best software tools in which inbuilt code is provided. The platform interface with the ARM and FPGA based DAQ card. The tools available with it prove very beneficial in developing application faster and easier

The Hard Processor system (HPS) consists of a dual core ARM cortex, FPGA. Programmable logic is provided by a recast of peripherals and a multiport memory controller[26-28]. The advantages is to reduce the cost, power and to save the more FPGA asserts for application specific convention logic. FPGA logic supports DDR2, SDRAM, Address controller, FIFO devices with integrated error correction cable . It support for high reliability and safety critical applications.

FPGAs integrates an ARM based hard processor system which comprises single/multiprocessor, various peripherals and memory interfaces within the FPGA fabric. This fabric is incorporated with a high bandwidth. High throughput data paths among the HPS and FPGA framework make available an integrated performance, which is not achievable in two chips solution[29-31]s. The fixed interconnection among the HPS and FPGA fabric provide more than 100GBPS Peak bandwidth with integrated data coherency connecting the processor and the FPGA.

Real-time data acquisition System supports every day decision-making. It also supports tactical decision making by allowing to send data to the FIFO and storage in SDRAM then transfer to serial port etc. The data is stored persistently in BW. The real-time data acquisition want to transfer data to BW at more regular intervals than Standard data acquisition.It transfers upto data require to be regularly available for analysis and reporting.The standard data acquisition are request oriented where as real time data acquisition are data availability oriented.The time duration is entirely slow when compare to RT data acquisition system.Comparsion table is shown below between standard and real time data acquisition system.

The advantages of ARM based SOC FPGA are reduced system power and board size, less expensive, improved system performance via high bandwidth interconnects between the processor and FPGA. The system Power is reduced by assimilating distinct processors and digital signal processing (DSP) functions into a single FPGA.

Table 1.Comparsion study between Standard and Real time data acquisition

Features

Standard Data Acquisition

Real Time Data Acquisition

Objective

Strategic Decision-Making

Tactical Decision-Making

Data Acquisition

Application Oriented

Information accessibility Oriented

Load Cycle

1/day.....1/week

1/minute....1/hour

Resource Consumption

Processing normally

Permanent Resource Consumption

4. APPLICATIONS OF IDAQ

In many real world applications, multichannel data acquisition (DAQ) is needed for the purpose of surveillance, monitoring and or control and the data can be posted to the internet and easily made available through the standard web browser.

In biomedical applications, an electroencephalogram (EEG) or an electrocardiogram (ECG) system can simply require five to ten nodes for each patient, and each node normally require more number of 200 samples per second. It is not special for other vital sign monitors also to be attached to a patient, and several patients may allocate the same room[32-33]. The density of consumption may be as high as 50 to 100 nodes in a small area. An essential issue in such real-time systems is the wireless communication protocol. All nodes must consume the available bandwidth effectively.

In educational laboratory, the cost of the DAQ cards and computers is substantial limiting the number of station that is available to students and making it difficult for students to complete their assignments. Since the lab assignments require access to the DAQ lab hardware and software, Students often find themselves competing for access to the DAQ Computer.

In Industrial and consumer application person have been replace by unmanned strategy that will obtain data and convey the data back to the base. The control devices with the purpose of substituting for a supervisor in a multisite job operation[34-38]. A particular person can observe and even interact with the ongoing work from a single base station.

In computer aided laboratory, Instrumentation that is currently running in the laser Metrology laboratory. The experiment is part of the research project and focuses on monitoring strain in concrete blocks with various types of sensors. The setup consists of eight concrete specimen cast from different concrete mixes that are arranged in two groups of four Specimens. One group is tensioned by a steel bar while another group is left untension after casting and curing.

In automobile application the main factors (environment, vehicle, and driver) of traffic accidents, we increase the sorts of sensor. The more intuitive information forms like audio/video are recorded in the system. The design utilizes various MEMS (Micro-electromechanical systems) sensors impact detector to detect the running states of vehicle. Prevailing GPS is applied to acquire the position and velocity of vehicle. System also collects the driver’s operation activity such as clutch/brake/throttle/steering wheel/lights/speaker and so on in order to judge the behaviours’ validity of driver. Acquisition is installed on a passenger car, sensors collected variety signals under setting under trigger conditions then FPGA processed data from acquisition system through network connection.

In industrial automation data acquisition systems are often used for the purpose of process monitoring[39-41]. Our team is specialized in control of fast industrial processes, and then arose a need for a data acquisition that would help to analyze the behaviour of the industrial process and to choose an appropriate control system. Another intended purpose of the data acquisition system was the utilization as a monitoring system that would help to tune the applied control system.

In industrial application, unmanned aerial vehicles are governed by human operator on the ground through PC. The operator sends an software instructions to the computer installed inside the UAV using radio frequency signals. Teledenistometer sensor is used to generate reading continuously and are stored in temporary buffer. The operator can delete the existing data and enter new data. For locating oil on the sea floor UAV is used which collect data from seabed using sensor, and send command to move over the sea floor, communicate its position using GPS and the collected information are sent back to the operator using standarad web browser for further processing.

Remotely Piloted Vehicle has been mainly residential for scientific expedition at high altitude, where human expeditions are complex and hazardous. So far it has been used to make thermo-dynamic consultation from the exterior up to about 4 km of altitude. However, it has the ability of realization at least 6 km of altitude within 30 min of detonation. The RPV can send the collected data anytime during the dispose, the flight and the tumble due to the use of advanced wireless communication technology. The data transmitted by the RPV can be received at any point contained by a radius of about 5 miles from the ground station.

In Military application GPS is used widely for system tracking. The main fuction of GPS unit to collect the data by transmiting and receiving signals.Collected data used for further statistics and analysis. In highway ,industrial GPS used to track the number of the vehicles and use the data in determining time when highway is busy. In navigation systems GPS use maps to help uses establish their accurate position.GPS Software execute responsibilities like locating a unit or decision a way from one point to other using GPS co-ordinator.

5. CONCULSION

In this paper, the Hardware Data Acquisition system integrated with Signal conditioning, Signal converting/Data Buffer and Signal process/transferring in Single board. A few new technologies are introduced into this system such as Cortex MP Core, FPGA. Thus the standard DAQ system is an application oriented and System Processing is normal Compare to the Real time DAQ system which is an Information accessibility Oriented. The measured Signal waveforms are display at Lab view front panel. The main advantages of the Real time Data acquisition System offers Low cost, Low Power consumption, reduced board size, high speed with higher accuracy, reliability, efficiency and strong flexibility.