Need For Ethics Cultural In Organization

Published Date: 02 Nov 2017

Abstract The terminology of ethics is the moral philosophy regarding what’s right and wrong., information ethics is the part of ethic that relates with the life cycle of information. The ethics cultural is become more and more increase either for an individual, organization, community and others. Ethics refer to the good behaviors to be done to live in this world. This paper assesses the important of applying the good ethics cultural in the organization, the problems that occurred and also other issues related to the ethical cultural in the organization. Organizational culture is recognized as one determinant of how people behave, more or less ethically, in organizations. It is also increasingly understood as an attribute that management can and should influence to improve organizational performance. Ethic can be like a mirror to determine the level of trustworthy and the environment of the workplace in the organization and it is really important for an organization to have a good ethical cultures. This paper is not focused on the need for ethics cultural only but also discussed about all aspect on the topic of ethics especially on the management or organization perspective. It also discussed about the solution of something that going wrong based on the aspect of ethics. Besides that, this paper also explained about the code of ethics that are suitable to be adopted in the organizations in the simple way but effective and efficient.

Keywords: Ethic, organization, the important, the code of ethics.

Introduction

International research consistently shows that people are more likely to behave unethically when they are experiencing financial anxiety than in times of stability or growth. The unethical behavior has intangible costs to reputation, both internally and externally. According to Cialdini et al. (2004) unethical behavior occurs, trust, morale and cooperativeness decline that make the productivity lessens and staff turnover climbs. Surveillance and compliance costs also rise because incidences of individual theft and other dishonesty in the workplace spread. Planning theories suggest ethical standards going beyond professional prescriptions. A historical or structural approach would further suggest that professionally derived standards will be inherently system maintaining and that efforts to inject more progressive and enforceable guidelines into professional codes are likely to meet major resistance within the profession.

2.0 Methodology

In completing this term paper, the major instrument that has been used is literature review. By reviewing the literature review, all the information will be cultivate back based on the understanding. The literature review that had been used is journal about information ethic. Another method applied for this term paper is review the information in web page. Approach that had been used in completing this term paper is understands from the reviewing and cultivation from the understanding.

3.0 Definitions and concept of ethic

According to Dr. Chien-Pen Chuang & Dr. Joseph C. Chen (1999), a general description of information ethic is one aspect of much larger philosophy known as social ethics. It deals with the moral conduct of information user-based on their responsibilities and their accountability. Free moral agents, individuals, society, and organization should hold the responsibilities on what action they had done. In most countries, ethics is like the mirror that explained about their cultures and attitude about something and how is their relationship among humans in the world. Besides that, all organizations have to adapted an ethical plans especially for their subordinates to make sure that the environmental of that particular organization is comfortable and excellent on many aspect to achieve the goals effectively and efficiently. Ethics also refer to moral philosophy that includes systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong. According to hhtp://en.wikipedia.org ethic from the Greek word which means "character" or in the Greek word is ethos. In philosophy, ethics studied the moral behavior in humans, and how one should act. The Code of ethic refers to a written set of guidelines and policies by organizations to their employees and management to help them managed their ethical standard in the organizations. The need of ethics in the organizations is very important and crucial because it depends on the employee’s attitude and behaviors. If the ethics cultural can be adapted in the organizations, all the employees interpersonal skills and attitudes will increased and not forget their level of motivation, trust, self confident, loyalty and other also will be increased. There are some rules to conduct a good ethical way in the organization for the manager and employees such as integrity that means the employees and managers in the organization should performed their work with honesty, diligence and responsibility. Other than that is objectivity that refers to their principal of work such as not accepted something that make their professionalisms of work is decreased. Furthermore, the other rules are confidentiality that refer to their responsibilities to not give any information or data to someone without permissions. Last but not least are competency that means they only should engage and work with their specialty with their necessary knowledge, skill and methods.

4.0 Ethic cultural in organization conceptual theory

The organizational ethical climate, defined as "the prevailing perceptions of typical organizational practices and procedures that have ethical content". Victor and Cullen (1988, 1987) proposed a conceptual typology of climate types based on two dimensions:

(1) The ethical criteria used in decision making (egoism, benevolence, principle); and

(2) The locus of analysis (individual, local, cosmopolitan).

The ethical criteria are based on three major classes of ethical theory:

(1) Egoism, which focuses on maximizing self-interest;

(2) Utilitarianism, which extends concern or caring to mutual or group interests;

(3) Deontology which emphasizes moral principles.

Figure: Some code and ethics that includes in the ethical culture in the organizations.

All the organization should adapted the good ethical cultures according to the code of ethics itself.

PRINCIPLES

EXPLANATION

Competency

The managers and employees applied and used the knowledge, skills, and experience needed in the performance to complete certain task in the projects.

Confidentiality

All the persons in the organization respect the value and ownership of information they receive and do not disclose information without appropriate authority unless there is a legal or professional obligation to do so.

Objectivity

The subordinates and managers showed the highest level of professional objectivity in gathering, evaluating, and communicating information about the activity or process being examined.

Integrity

The integrity of information received by someone in the organization establishes trust and provided the basis for reliance on their judgment.

5.0 Challenges and problems in Encouraging Ethical Behaviors in the organizations

There are several common challenges and problems in developing ethical society identified

Resistance to change attitudes and behaviors

In an organization, there are many people that represent different races, languages, cultures, dressing styles, and others. This means that not all the ethical issues can be managed properly especially for the manager or leader of that particular team project of the organization. We have to understand that people attitudes and behaviors is not easy to be maintained and controlled especially in a big workplace because there are too many humans. As an example, if the policies of the organization stated that the workplaces environment is the no smoking area. But trust me that there will be some group of subordinates that will smoking in the toilet or other hidden places in that organizations The managers also will smoking in an organization. The discrimination also can be existed in the organization if the ethical cultures in the organization are too low.

Performances of the employees will decreased

Ethical culture is important to build the good and excellent performances of the employees in an organization. If the ethic culture of that place is poor and cannot be managed efficiently and effectively, the performances of the employees will be so poor and totally cannot achieve the proper goals of the organization. Ethics will effected the performances of the employees because for example if the employees do not have a good ethical way in the task, they cannot handled and managed well their task and totally will make all the important tasks delayed. If some groups of employees have this bad habit especially in the ethics culture, all the other employees will become frustrated and tried to protested and surely effect the organization performances.

Trustworthy among community and stakeholders in the organizations is decreased

The other challenges or problems if the developing of ethical cultures in organizations is poor or bad are the trustworthy among community in the organizations is decreased. This happened because the level of trust among community is very low. So this will make the selfish habits occurred in an organization because they feel that if they too cared about others, the other people will try to stabbed them at behind. This is not a good way and a good environmental relationship. If the organizations are not well maintained, this will make all the stakeholders feel worried and not totally trust especially the top management of that particular organization. This for sure will make the organization to the bad reputations and make them bankrupt.

Customer relationship is poor.

Imagine if you want to dealing on something for example if you want to go to the post office to buy a stamp and the people that worked on that day are too rude especially when dealing with customer, I think for sure the customers will feel angry and will not satisfied with the services provided. That is why ethics is important because if all the people can adopt the good ethical culture especially if dealing with customers, the customer relationship will make the organization get a good respected name and make them successful in future not only by the performances but also by the good quality of manner.

The privacy and confidentiality

Facebook are the example of the popular social networking that not only focused on the teenagers but all the communities in every ages. The privacy and confidentiality is easy to be explained by this because imagine if while you online with the social networking like facebook, and then you went to the toilet without signed out from it, for sure there will be some people that is not responsible and rude to "investigates" all the excitement of our profile in the social networking. They also will update something that will humiliate us if they want to make fun to us. So be careful. In an organizations sometimes the confidentiality of the e-mail also become one of the issues. The privacy and confidentiality is important because will make the motivations of the employees in the workplace is highly maintained to achieve the organizational goals effectively and efficiently.

6.0 Recommendations to Address the Challenges in Encouraging Ethical Behaviors in organization.

In response to these challenges, several recommendations are proposed as follows:

Top management strategy

Top management strategy involved the brain storming among all the managers according to their department so that they know the problems of their employees according to their department. By this also the top management can know the best practices to applied a good ethical cultures in the organization by revised to all opinions in that organization. This totally helps the organization to have a good environmental workplace. The top management also can replace the existing policies to good and new policies for their own good.

Environmental quality

Environmental quality not only focused on the equipment and materials in the organization but also focused on the aspect of willingness of their employees also. For example if the employees wanted a special room for smoking area, maybe the top management can handled it if that idea can make the employees feel appreciated. This also will make the ethic cultural in the organization is more and more good in future because the relationship among the top management and the employees is good so they will respect each other to have a good environmental quality.

Campaign on the aspect of the important of ethics in the organizations

The organizations also can hold the campaign about the awareness of the ethical issues in their organization. This will make the employees aware about all the issues and realized their mistakes. Training also can be handled by the top management to make sure that all their staff is dedicated and free from other ethical problems especially in the workplace. This totally cam increased the self confident, motivations and also the trust among the community in the organizations.

Quality control inspections

Quality control can be useful to make sure that all issues and all the problems in the organizations can be managed effectively without involving other parties. This quality control will make sure that the ethical culture that is already good can be maintained in future and if there are many ethical problems by their staff they can do something before too late. The main function we have to use quality control inspections is to make sure that all the unwanted things can be handled properly and efficiently.

Implementation of the important act and rules.

To avoided problem like discrimination in the workplace among the employees, the organization should implemented the policies, and the acts that also been used by all the other organization in the world. By this, it will decrease the rate of discrimination at the workplace. Malaysia does not have any legislation governing workplace harassment but in 1999 "Code of Practice on the Prevention and Eradication of Sexual Harassment in the Workplace" was promulgated ("Sexual Harassment Code"). By this also can make other employees that have the bad intention especially in the sexual harassment issues realized that they cannot escaped from their fault because Malaysia also have their own act and regulations.

7.0 Conclusion

The perception of relationship in organizational and workplace contexts impacts on ethics. Enhanced ethics can reduce compliances and other costs directly attributable to unethical behaviors such as fraud. Given that relationships have a positive impact on ethics, sociability may be an important aspect of any investment in developing ethical organizational culture. Internal communicators could increasingly find their unit making a crucial difference between ethical and unethical organizational behavior at all levels in the current high-pressure economic climate, even small advances in our understanding are beneficial to facing that challenge. expenditure on internal relationship activities that create opportunities for discussion of an intangible such as ethics, rather than being directly productive, may be seen as a "luxury" in times of economic pressure.