A Study On Concentration Camps

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02 Nov 2017

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Blythe Wise

History 10, per. 6

May 7th, 2013

Concentration Camps

On January 30th, 1933, Adolf Hitler gained the position of Chancellor of Germany and leader of the NSDAP by President Paul von Hindenburg. Hitler won this superiority through the political Nazi Party election in 1932. Their tactics in winning the election was to target their weak government system, Weimar, and the Jews, blaming them for Germany’s flaws. Just weeks after he had won the election, Storm Troopers, Nazis, police, and other authorities combined ideas and started building concentration camps.

In March 1933, the first concentration camp, Dachau, was built in Germany. It was created to hold German, political competitors with the capacity of 5,000 people. Victims in Dachau and other camps were forced to do hard labor 12 hours a day with little to no food. Dachau served as a model on how other concentration camps should be like as this system grew. The concentration camps were located in isolated regions and surrounded by electric fences or walls to keep the prisoners from escaping. They would always have guards watching them and would even beat and torture the prisoners for no reason. The living space where the prisoners lived was very poor, crowded, and uncomfortable. They slept on bunk beds that were infested with bugs and rats. From 1933 to 1945, over 3.5 million Germans were being put to work in concentration camps all over the country for political reasoning and 77,000 people were murdered for rebelling against the government or not being able to keep up with the work.

Germany was gaining power rapidly in 1938 through 1939. Once Germany conquered Poland in September 1939, starting World War II, there were six concentration camps in the Greater German Reich. The Nazis started taking in Jews to help with the high demand of work because of the war economy. This started the elimination process of the Polish Jews that rapidly inclined in 1941 that literally made the Jews "work to death."

In 1942, the Storm Troopers erected six extermination camps to kill numerous hostages. The death camps were made purposely to assassinate the prisoners until 1945. There were so many different ways of killing the Jews, disabled, gypsies, and other victims of the Holocaust if they had not already died from starvation or from typhus, a disease carried by lice and fleas. Typhus is the reason the Nazis shaved the prisoner’s heads. If a prisoner did have it, they would shoot the prisoner so it would not carry on to other victims.The Nazis would often shoot prisoners for doing little things like stealing extra food or disobeying an order. The guards would even shoot some of the inmates in front of others to intimidate them from trying to escape. Using gas was a huge factor of the killings in the extermination camps. It started as using gas vans, but was replaced with larger gas chambers that also used carbon monoxide and Zyklon B. Sometimes the inmates of the gas victims had to carry the bodies out that were once their friends. There was no mercy. Everything at the death camps was deceiving. The Nazis originally told the Jews they were moving to a pleasant, new living area with a nice job to get them to agree to go to the camps. The people would be told they would be going for a shower, but it would a gas chamber with gas coming out of the shower heads instead of water. At Treblinka, located in Poland, the camp was designed to fool the Jews. It had a fake ticket office, a garden, and a zoo to make it look welcoming and pleasant. More than 66,500 Jews were killed at Treblinka in the first month of its existence.

Two of the death camps served as both an extermination and a concentration camp. One of these was Auschwitz-Birkenau. Established in Southern Poland in May of 1940, Auschwitz was the largest camp of its kind and even had 39 subcamps. It had three sections of camps; one of these sections was used as a death camp. When Jews arrived there, they were separated into two groups: Jews who were able to work, and Jews who were not. If the Jews could work hard labor, they were sent to the laboring section of the camp, but if they were incapable of working they were sent straight to the killing chambers. During the end of the war, the Nazis realized as more Jews were coming into the camp that most of the Jews were not capable of working so they started to automatically send them to the death camp side instead of forcing them to work. On October 7, 1944, a couple hundred prisoners found out there were going to be killed and rebelled against the guards, killing three of them. The prisoners bombed the crematorium they were working in with ammunition women stole from the factory they had been forced to work at, and blew up the gas chamber that was across from the crematorium. The Germans stopped the riot, and killed almost every prisoner that was involved. They found and hung the women who helped with the explosives publicly in January 1945. Auschwitz-Birkenau had the most deaths out of every concentration and extermination camp with two-thirds of all of their prisoners from 1940 to 1945 murdered. It is believed that over 1 million Jews lost their lives at Auschwitz death camp.



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