Huawei UCN Research and Practice

26 Jul 2017

3 (923 )

A NEW CONCEPT In recent years, DSL systems have faced many new challenges, such as crosstalk. The standardized DMTs modulation techniques are deployed more densely than ever, making radio resources allocation a severe challenge to address. Insertion of additive guard bands like cyclic prefixes led to the addition of new deal. These insertions are not enough to simply improve the capability of a single traditional ...

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Astronaut Performance and Health Risks

26 Jul 2017

3 (868 )

One of the major NASA's operation is space exploration which is the constant investigation and discovery of celestial patterns in the space by means of developing and increasing space technology. Although the space is studied by astronomers using telescopes, it can be physically explored both by unmanned robotic assistances and human astronauts. As the period of the space mission and the distance of the exploration ...

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Reinforced Concrete Walls Engineering Overview

26 Jul 2017

4 (1,370 )

Reinforced Concrete (RC) walls are often used as coupled systems in construction of multi-story buildings because of their advantages in comparison with individual walls such as higher lateral stiffness, lower bending moments on each individual wall, and higher energy dissipation because of the inelastic deformations of coupling beams (El Tawil et al., 2010). These elements have been extensively utilized in medium-rise and high-rise building structures ...

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La-Mg-Ni Based Alloys

26 Jul 2017

15 (5,890 )

Abstract: Degradation behaviors of La2MgNi9, La1.5Mg0.5Ni7 and La4MgNi19 alloys were studied. The results indicate that severe pulverization and corrosion are important factors leading to the capacity deterioration. However, it is puzzled that corrosion of the electrochemical cycled alloys is aggravated, which is inconsistent with the result that La2MgNi9 present poor cycling stability andalso the assumption that alloy with high Mg content is easy to ...

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Continuous Flow in Lean Manufacturing

26 Jul 2017

4 (1,263 )

Continous Flow In the majority of the lean manufacturing production systems, a U-shaped workcell is used.  This is because with a worker positioned in the interior of the U, one would save time by minimising movement of both the parts and of the worker by simply turning around and sending it to the next work station. In the case of very heavy parts,  mechanised conveyor ...

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Advantages of Composite Construction

23 Mar 2015 20 Jul 2017

14 (5,450 )

With regards to Civil and Structural Engineering, composite construction typically refers to the use of steel and concrete formed together so that the resulting component behaves as a single element. The aim of composite construction is to utilise the best properties of the different materials and to deliver performance that is greater than had the individual components been used together but not unified. In the case of ...

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Trinidad and Tobago Electrical Regulations

23 Mar 2015 20 Jul 2017

17 (6,572 )

The Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission (T&TEC) is responsible for the distribution and transmission of electrical energy around the country. The electrical power comes from three main power stations which are Port of Spain (308MW station, Point Lisas (634MW) station and Penal (236MW) station. It is through this system the commission provides electrical power to its customers and meters this energy in order to obtain revenue. However ...

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Applications of Multiple Integrals in Engineering

23 Mar 2015 18 Jul 2017

6 (2,344 )

Integrals are used to consider the full body on the basis of analysis done on a small part of it, but these analysis are just on a single dimension of any body, for e.g. if we take a cuboid it has three dimensions i.e. its length, breadth and the height. But by to analyse it we have consider all of its dimensions, this is where Multiple Integrals ...

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Air Compressor Systems Introduction

23 Mar 2015 17 Jul 2017

5 (1,698 )

Keywords: introduction of air compressor, air compressor system design Air Compressor System provides high pressure compressed air with subsequent reduction in volume for a range of industrial and domestic applications. They have become imperative equipment in almost every industry. Due to its high efficiency, feasible operational parameters and diverse range of applications, they have gained widespread popularity and no industry is complete without a compact compressor system. ...

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Time Dispersion Parameters

23 Mar 2015 14 Jul 2017

2 (616 )

Keywords: time dispersion definition, what is time dispersion When a signal is transmitted, this signal can suffer a distortion caused by reflections and scattered propagation paths in the radio channel, and these phenomenons cause that an identical signal arrives at different times at its destination. These different times are due that to the signal arrives via multiple paths and in different incident angles. The time difference between ...

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Aerospace Engineering Career Paths

23 Mar 2015 12 Jul 2017

4 (1,202 )

Keywords: aerospace engineering essay, aerospace engineering career The reason why I chose Aerospace Engineering as the career I want to pursue would be because I am always interested in flight as a child and teen both aircraft and space travel. Some of my favorite toys and hobbies included model airplanes, model rocketry, paper airplanes, and Lego's, which is basically the toy of future engineers. I started sketching ...

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Lephalale Exxaro Training Centre

23 Mar 2015 11 Jul 2017

20 (7,711 )

Keywords: exxaro grovos training centre, mining work reflection The purpose of this report is to provide a description of the period of vacation work spent at Exxaro Resources' Grootegeluk mine. The requirement was set to the student to spend time with and work with artisans in their everyday environment to gain valuable practical training and experience. The training provided a broad overview of the environment that an ...

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Application of LCD

23 Mar 2015 11 Jul 2017

9 (3,449 )

Keywords: lcd applications, history of lcd, types of lcd A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat electronic visual display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals (LCs). LCs do not emit light directly. Photo showing subpixels in detail They are used in a wide range of applications including: computer monitors, television, instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays, signage, etc. They are common in consumer ...

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Engine Oil Pan And Functions

23 Mar 2015 10 Jul 2017

4 (1,303 )

Keywords: oil sump material, oil pan function This report will analyze the engine oil pan as one of metallic component in car application. The analysis will cover the role of the component, the material for the component and the properties of the material. We will cover the process of how the properties are achieved. We will also analyzing the alternative material suitable for the specific component, compare ...

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Human Comfort in the Internal Environment

23 Mar 2015 07 Jul 2017

18 (6,871 )

There are many factors that affect human comfort in the internal built environment. Human comfort is affected by thermal factors; physical factors and personal factors. Another factor that can affect human comfort is sound of the environment around them. The final factor that affects the human comfort is the visual of the room and the light intensity. There are ways to measure the physical factors that affect ...

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Secondary Air Damper Control in Boiler

23 Mar 2015 06 Jul 2017

6 (2,371 )

Keywords: furnace to windbox differential pressure, windbox to furnace In this proposed work, design and development of controlling Secondary air dampers in a draft system of a power plant which is presently working on DCS technique has been accomplished by using high computing software ARDUINO and results has been shown with suitable simulation in VISUAL BASICS. The goal of this work is to control the air dampers ...

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Types of Views in Engineering Drawing

23 Mar 2015 29 Jun 2017

4 (1,352 )

Keywords: engineering drawing views, engineering drawing types INTRODUCTION: Engineering drawings are often referred to as "Blueprints" . However, the terms are becoming an anachronism since most copies of engineering drawings that were made using a chemical-printing process that yielded graphics on blue-coloured paper or of blue-lines on have been superseded by more modern reproduction processes that yield black or multicolour lines on the white paper. The more ...

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Pakistan Aircraft Carrier Program

23 Mar 2015 29 Jun 2017

4 (1,293 )

Keywords: pakistan aircraft carrier, pakistan navy aircraft carrier The purpose of this project is to strengthen the capability of Pakistan navy. The strategic management of Pakistan navy has assessed the strength while observing the increasing strength of our foe. To fight an effective warfare the co-ordination of naval aviation with surface and sub surface forces possess prime importance. It is prime responsibility of naval force to protect ...

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Types Of Cogeneration System

23 Mar 2015 23 Jun 2017

7 (2,661 )

Keywords: cogeneration system types, types of cogeneration Cogeneration which is also known as combined heat and power, can be described as two different forms of energy being generated from one single energy source. These two different forms of energy are usually thermal and mechanical energy. These two types of energy are then used for different functions. The mechanical energy is usually used to produce electricity through an ...

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Fastest Finger First Project Report

23 Mar 2015 13 Jun 2017

13 (5,008 )

Keywords: fffi reaction time, fffi engineering, fffi project Abstract In the buzzer round of quiz contests, the question is thrown open to all the teams. The person who knows the answer hits the buzzer first and then answers the question. Sometimes two or more players hit the buzzer almost simultaneously and it is very difficult to detect which of them has pressed the buzzer first. In television ...

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Linear Variable Differential Transformer and Strain Gauge Transducer

23 Mar 2015 12 Jun 2017

9 (3,263 )

Keywords: lvdt strain guage, lvdt experiment There are many types of transducers displacement measurements, Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT), capacitive transducer, potentiometer transducer, resistive transducer, optical transducer, etc. For our experiments purpose we use the LVDT, since it's able to produce high output for relatively small displacement and for strain measurement we use the strain gauge transducer. Linear Variable Differential Transformer(LVDT): The linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) ...

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Optical Fibers

23 Mar 2015 07 Jun 2017

7 (2,727 )

Keywords: optic fiber sensors, optic fibers analysis, optic fibers advantages A light travels in straight lines as we know it is highly impossible to make it follow a curved path to glimmer around corners. In 1970's there was a great improvement and faster growing in fibre optics communications. The main idea of light in communication system is evolved from simple signal fires and lamps. Claude chappe has ...

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Case Study of Nuclear Disaster | Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant

23 Mar 2015 07 Jun 2017

6 (2,279 )

Keywords: fukushima impact, fukushima case study, fukushima disaster 1. Abstract This assignment purpose is to do analysis case studies and the Fukushima nuclear disaster. The purpose of this work is for students to use the appropriate method to verify each problem. To study a range of industries (EAT221), there are several levels of courses. In order to complete this news report, the instructor provides the learning needs ...

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Weldon Hand Tools Case Study

23 Mar 2015 06 Jun 2017

5 (1,807 )

Keywords: weldon hand tools This report discusses designing a production process to produce Weldon hand tool, the product detail, the time for assembling each element as well as the sales focus of the product are all given in the case study. The report first start with calculating the number of staff required for each volume of work per quarterly for the two years period of the sales ...

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Bicycle Frame Materials

23 Mar 2015 06 Jun 2017

9 (3,405 )

Introduction Throughout history the concept of the bicycle has been used and manipulated with materials from all over the spectrum exercised. In recent years, machining methods have become advanced enough to manipulate all different grades of metals, from the most popular being steel, to alloying titanium based alloys, however not only metal materials are being used. Carbon fibre, a generic term of the composition of carbon fibre ...

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Weather Forecasting with Digital Signals

23 Mar 2015 02 Jun 2017

15 (5,965 )

Keywords: dsp technology, dsp applications INTRODUCTION: Digital signal processing (DSP) is concerned with the representation of the signals by a sequence of numbers or symbols and the processing of these signals. Digital signal processing and analog signal processing are subfields of signal processing. The analog waveform is sliced into equal segments and the waveform amplitude is measured in the middle of each segment. The collection of measurements ...

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History of Maclaurin Series

23 Mar 2015 02 Jun 2017

5 (1,767 )

Keywords: history of maclaurin theorem, maclaurin series history MACLAURIN series is the expansion of Taylor series about 0. So we can say that it is a special case of 'Taylor Series'. Where f '(0) is the first derivative evaluated at x = 0, f ''(0) is the second derivative evaluated at x = 0, and so on. Maclaurin series is named after the Scottish mathematician Maclaurin. In ...

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Weaknesses of Stainless Steel

23 Mar 2015 02 Jun 2017

3 (995 )

Keywords: stainless steel weaknesses, stainless steel strengths Introduction This report has been written to give you the reader a basic understanding of stainless steel. The report will explain how it is made, uses in industry and the strengths and weaknesses of the material. History Originally known as 'rust less steel', stainless was officially discovered between the years of 1900 and 1915. There is no exact date of ...

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Geotechnical Engineering Properties of Soils Tests

23 Mar 2015 01 Jun 2017

7 (2,448 )

Keywords: spt test, spt test analysis, engineering properties of soil, engineering soil tests Jump to: Advantages and Disadvantages of SPT Standard Penetration Test Advantages and Disadvantages of Cone Penetration Test Advantages and Disadvantages of Shear Vane Test Advantages and Disadvantages of Wash Boring Advantages and Disadvantages of Percussion Rig Boring Advantages and Disadvantages of Rotary Auger Boring During the SPT, it was possible to take ...

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Microprocessor Based Instrumentation System

23 Mar 2015 31 May 2017

3 (1,196 )

Keywords: microprocessor based instrumentation, atmospheric ion counter I. Introduction There are various applications of microprocessor which makes our life easy and simple. Various instruments which we are using in our day to day life includes the role of microprocessors, which is fairly called as Microprocessor Based Instrumentation. On the basis of its processing and intelligence microprocessor are base for the operation of various instruments. Here is the ...

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Ceramic Materials In Cutting Tools

23 Mar 2015 31 May 2017

10 (3,889 )

Keywords: ceramic cutting tools Traditional cutting tools are mostly made of steels and irons, however, ceramic cutting tools are developed quickly these years. Ceramic cutting tools have a lot of advantages over other cutting tools in certain areas. Ceramics possess a lot of required properties for cutting tools such as high strength and good thermal conductivity. The development of ceramic cutting tools has once been hindered by ...

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Effect Of Design On Paper Plane

23 Mar 2015 31 May 2017

11 (4,074 )

I have decided to write my extended essay on this topic because this activity of flying paper planes was taught to us in our childhood when we were not mature enough to learn the principles of science and investigate and apply them to these planes. But what caught my interest was that how do paper airplanes of such light weights can maintain their flight and speed even ...

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Importance of ISO 9000

23 Mar 2015 31 May 2017

9 (3,450 )

Keywords: importance of iso, role of iso, iso importance Importance of ISO 9000. INTRODUCTION In this term paper we discussed about ISO 9000 and its importance. `ISO 9000' is usually used to refer to a set of intimately related standards. One standard is a roadmap for the others. These standards cover quality design, quality management, and quality assurance for different kinds of companies depending on the ...

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Wet Mix and Dry Mix Concrete: Cost and Quality

23 Mar 2015 30 May 2017

6 (2,352 )

Keywords: commercial concrete batching This is a conceptual proposal in which the main objective is to determine the cost and quality effectiveness on the application of modular wet mix and dry mix concrete batching plant. Based on the data collected over the pass years, a detail study was being conducted to determine the various cost factors arising from the setting up of concrete batching plant, production operations, ...

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Designing an automated lawn mower

23 Mar 2015 25 May 2017

7 (2,611 )

Keywords: environmentally friendly lawn mower, automated lawn mower, lawn mower design Chapter 1: Introduction to the study Background to the research The first lawn mower was contrivance in 1827 and patented in 1830 by Edwin Beard Budding, an engineer from Stroud, Gloucestershire, England. He got this idea after seeing a machine in a textile industry, they used a cutting cylinder (or bladed reel) mounted on a bench ...

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Assembler Directives of 8086 Microprocessor

23 Mar 2015 24 May 2017

4 (1,322 )

Keywords: assembler directives 8086, directives in 8086 INTRODUCTION: Assembly languages are low-level languages for programming computers, microprocessors, microcontrollers, and other IC. They implement a symbolic representation of the numeric machine Codes and other constants needed to program a particular CPU architecture. This representation is usually defined by the hardware manufacturer, and is based on abbreviations that help the programmer to remember individual instructions, registers. An assembler directive ...

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Unitary PLC, Rack Mounted PLC and Modular PLC

09 Jun 2016 23 May 2017

7 (2,697 )

Keywords: industrial uses of plcs, characteristics of plcs, plc design Overview Before PLC's were created many industries such as the automobile industry used hundreds of thousands of relays to control their processes. This was very time consuming and expensive, sometimes resulting in a two year change around between different products because electricians would have had to individually rewire every relay to change a production system for a ...

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Colgate Emery Process

23 Mar 2015 23 May 2017

4 (1,366 )

Colgate-Emery process, or modifications of it, is the most efficient and inexpensive method for large scale production of saturated fatty acids from fats and oils, and for the production of unsaturated fatty acids generally below IV levels of 120 (fish-derived) or 140 (soya, etc). The high temperature and pressure used permit short reaction time. In continuous, counter-current splitting the fatty oil is deaerated under a vacuum to ...

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Creating a Suitable Braking Assembly

23 Mar 2015 22 May 2017

10 (3,716 )

To understand the advanced material and processing technologies specifically to study the interaction between different materials and the design process to create a suitable braking assembly consisting of disc, caliper and brake pads. Disc - A disc brake or rotor is used to stop or slow down a moving vehicle. There are two types of disc brakes namely solid and ventilated disc .The rotating disc is connected ...

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Design of Shaft | Basis of rigidity

23 Mar 2015 18 May 2017

4 (1,433 )

DESIGN OF SHAFT ON THE BASIS OF RIGIDITY AND STRENGTH CALCULATION AND ANGLE OF TWIST Design of Shaft: • A shaft is a rotating member usually of circular crossection (solid or hollow), which is used to transmit power and rotational motion. Axles are non rotating member. • Elements such as gears, pulleys (sheaves), flywheels , clutches , and sprockets are mounted on the shaft and are used ...

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Application Of Types Of Lubricant

23 Mar 2015 18 May 2017

15 (5,889 )

A lubricant is a substance (often a liquid) introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce the friction between them, improving efficiency and reducing wear. They may also have the function of dissolving or transporting foreign particles and of distributing heat. Basically there are many types of lubricants; solid lubricant, liquid lubricant and gaseous lubricant. They have their own purpose and application. They are as follows: Purposes: Almost ...

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The structure of a commercial aircraft

23 Mar 2015 18 May 2017

5 (1,806 )

Introduction This is assignment is based on structure of an aircraft. The structure of an aircraft has been explained briefly in this assignment. I am going to start my assignment with typical aircraft diagram. This assignment is particular based on commercial aircraft, emphasising various major structural components. The major structural components refer to the primary structure of an aircraft. If the primary structure fails the aircraft won't ...

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Techniques For Airflow Rate Measurements

23 Mar 2015 17 May 2017

9 (3,461 )

My company is setting up an experiment to measure the airflow rate in a duct. Airflow measurement techniques are necessary especially in many industries. Some of the common airflow measuring applications include ventilation testing, air balancing, ductwork, air planes and so on. Many research and studies have been put into improving and inventing new equipments to measure air flow. This is so to enable user to get ...

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Water Temperature And Evaporation Rate

23 Mar 2015 17 May 2017

8 (2,970 )

This report details the scientific method used to investigate the effects of water temperature on the rate at which the water will evaporate. Project design plan: Problem statement - The purpose of this experiment was to compare the effect of temperature on the evaporation rate of water. The vision was to establish three containers of water. Each container contains the same amount of water. Surrounding air and ...

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String, procedure and macros in microprocessor

23 Mar 2015 17 May 2017

6 (2,060 )

Strings In Microprocessor In order to understand strings, one has to keep in mind that a string is made up of an array of characters. The string data type is an in-built data type that is an array of 256 characters (type string= parked array of chaege). When stored in memory, the processor should know where the string starts and where it finishes. In order to know ...

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Operation Of TWT And Magnetrons

23 Mar 2015 17 May 2017

8 (3,142 )

A traveling-wave tube (TWT) is an electronic device used to amplify radio frequency signals to high power, usually in an electronic assembly known as a traveling-wave tube amplifier (TWTA). The bandwidth of a broadband TWT can be as high as three octaves, although tuned (narrowband) versions exist, and operating frequencies range from 300 MHz to 50 GHz. The voltage gain of the tube can be of the order of ...

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Composite Materials In Automotive Brake Disc

23 Mar 2015 17 May 2017

5 (1,689 )

Abstract - The aim of this paper is to explore the uses of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in the automotive industry, their advantages over current grey cast iron discs, their manufacturing processes and potential commercial applications. Cast iron brake discs consume much fuel due to its high specific gravity. As a result, a better and perhaps cheaper alternative is needed to fulfil the needs of high end ...

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Applications of Semiconductor lasers

23 Mar 2015 17 May 2017

8 (2,873 )

Abstract- Semiconductor lasers have the potential to meet the demands of next generation high speed optical network applications and also have great impact on various other technology domains. Its low cost, easy wavelength tune ability, low power consumption and pure output make it ideal for optical communication applications. This paper is a review of the merits, demerits, current applications, commercial availability and future directions of semiconductor lasers ...

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The Free Air Jet Experiment

23 Mar 2015 16 May 2017

4 (1,556 )

Introduction The Free Air Jet Experiment is designed to give insight into the fundamentals of a free jet at various locations inside and outside the core region. The core region is a location in the flow field where the flow has a velocity that is approximately the same as the velocity coming from inside the jet. This experiment will provide data to describe the location of the ...

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Air Conditioner Using Engine Exhaust Heat

23 Mar 2015 16 May 2017

6 (2,047 )

This paper describes the development possible in the field of vehicle air conditioning based on vapour absorption cooling. The cooling effect is produced by waste heat energy recovered from engine exhaust. The advantages of such a system are drastic reduction of fuel over consumption and emissions associated with vehicle air conditioner usage. The current air conditioning system used in automobile is based on vapour compression cycle which ...

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High Bypass Ratio Turbofan

23 Mar 2015 16 May 2017

4 (1,442 )

INTRODUCTION Turbofan engines are basically turbojet engines which are provided with a large fan. These were developed to combine some of the best features of both turbojet and turboprop engines. The major advantage of turbofan engines are that it provides a better fuel efficiency. Most of the airliners today use turbofan engines. (Aviation History online museum c. 2008) Bypass ratio: It is defined as the mass flow ...

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Supply Chain Management: Boeing And Airbus

23 Mar 2015 16 May 2017

11 (4,346 )

I would like to mention a subject relating to aviation industry, especially in leasing aircraft sector. The most important task in this sector is how to order, purchase and lease back aircraft to airlines. But to implement this task, we should know in detail how the aircraft assembly process under the control of aircraft manufacture is. In Vietnam, the aviation market has a great development with the ...

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The Advantages Of Using DFIG

23 Mar 2015 15 May 2017

6 (2,276 )

In addition to its stator, the DFIG's rotor is also connected to the grid using a power converter (Picture 3). This type is very common for wind turbines as it offers certain advantages compared to other types: It can operate like a synchronous generator and at variable speed, although its stator is directly connected to the grid. The converter can adequately control the voltage (phase and magnitude) ...

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Electric Filed Strength And Electric Flux Density

23 Mar 2015 15 May 2017

15 (5,747 )

All bodies are made up of atoms, which consist of a nucleus containing protons (+ve) and neutrons (neutral) and surrounding the nucleus are orbiting electrons (-ve). When a body is uncharged it is electrically neutral, it has the same negative charge as positive charge. If a conductor had a deficit of electrons it would exhibit a net positive charge and if it was to have a surplus ...

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Microprocessor based water level controller

23 Mar 2015 15 May 2017

9 (3,423 )

Microprocessor: The processor is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program and is the primary element carrying out the computer's function. The form, design and implementation of CPU's have changed but their fundamental operation remains the same. The microprocessor contains all the central processing unit (CPU) functions and is the ‘engine' that goes into motion when you turn your ...

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Applications of Pneumatic Systems in Aircraft

03 Oct 2016 15 May 2017

7 (2,709 )

PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS Introduction When talking about pneumatic system, we need to talk about where the pneumatic system comes from and it comes from a power system, there are three different types of power systems, Hydraulic system Pneumatic system Electrical system Pneumatic systems in Aircrafts Pneumatic systems they are also known as vacuum or pressure systems, the power many functions which are important to the ...

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A History Of Fly By Wire

23 Mar 2015 15 May 2017

8 (2,954 )

Abstract This research report provides a historical portrait of the development and implementation of fly-by-wire flight control systems. The report explains to the reader what flight controls are. It provides an overview of major innovations in flight control systems. It then goes on to explain what a fly-by-wire flight control system is and discusses the NASA development program that made fly-by-wire a reality. It then discusses the ...

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Fuel Metering System In Si Engines

23 Mar 2015 15 May 2017

8 (3,136 )

Carburetor: is a device which is used in automobiles, with spark ignition engines, for the purpose of fuel metering, i.e. to mix the appropriate amount of fuel with the incoming air which is to be supplied to the engine cylinders. The basic principle upon which the carburetor works is flow of air through the venturi. The fuel enters the carburetor through the air filter, which filters the ...

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MEMS: Comparison With Micro Electronics

23 Mar 2015 15 May 2017

11 (4,314 )

Micro Electro Mechanical Systems or MEMS is a term coined around 1989 by Prof. R. Howe and others to describe an emerging research, where mechanical elements, like cantilevers or membranes, had been manufactured at a scale more akin to microelectronics circuit than to lathe machining. But MEMS is not the only term used to describe this and from its multicultural origin it is also known as Micromachines, ...

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Wireless Local Loop

23 Mar 2015 15 May 2017

7 (2,535 )

Wireless Local Loop Abstract-A local loop connects a subscriber to the service provider's switch, this connection is usually a wire; typically copper wire. Advanced studies on the capabilities of copper wire as a transmission medium has made it possible to use the local loop to offer services other than the basic voice service. This technology known as digital subscriber line technology (DSL) utilizes the existing copper ...

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Front suspension system of motorcycle

23 Mar 2015 12 May 2017

24 (9,296 )

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 AIMS The main aim of this project is to Design and analyse of a front suspension system of motorcycle. The designing and modelling of the fork is done using Pro-Engineer (wildfire-4) and Stress analysis is undertaken by Ansys 11 software's. 1.2 OBJECTIVES To get aware of deformations caused due to application of brakes to the fork of the front suspension system; To ...

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Four Stroke Four Cylinder Petrol Engine

23 Mar 2015 12 May 2017

20 (7,792 )

ABSTRACT Since last 150 years different type of engine used in different vehicles so one should know how the engine works and different parameters related to it. This project contains preparation of experimental setup to determine the various performance parameter of four stroke four cylinder petrol engine in first stage of project. In this stage of project, the Morse test setup with Rope brake dynamometer will be ...

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Simulation of the ALOHA protocol

23 Mar 2015 12 May 2017

14 (5,589 )

Abstract-The present essay is a tutorial on the OMNeT++ simulation environment, through the analysis of the known ALOHA protocol. The model implements the ALOHA random access protocol on the Link layer, and simulates a host to server instant broadcast. ALOHA is rather simple yet convenient to demonstrate the potential of OMNeT++ in simulating wireless protocols. The final part evaluates the pure and the slotted ALOHA variations, in ...

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Pre Bored Steel H Piling System

23 Mar 2015 11 May 2017

7 (2,506 )

Although Hong Kong is featured of its Skyscrapers all over the world, and it seems that H-Piling system may not have enough bearing capacity to their superstructure, there are still many servicing buildings and small-scale infrastructure developing, the loading of which is capable to be borne by H-Piling system, in the city. In the following words, a brief introduction over Pre-Bored Steel H-Piling system will be presented ...

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A Fire Alarm System | Engineering Essay

23 Mar 2015 11 May 2017

6 (2,194 )

It is more prudent to head off a disaster beforehand than to deal with it after it occurs. Fire alarms are one of the most useful ways to avoid fire deaths. A fire alarm system is part of the total security system providing fire protection. Installation of fire alarm system gives rise to numerous benefits such as safety of occupant of a building, reducing loss of property ...

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Purpose Of Compaction: Types Of Compaction

23 Mar 2015 11 May 2017

5 (1,816 )

Soil compaction is one of the most critical components in the construction of highway embankments, earth dams, foundations and many other engineering structure. Soil must be compacted to their unit weights, increase the strength characteristic which increase the bearing capacity of foundations constructed over them. Soil is compacted by removing air and water from its pore space. Compaction is a change in soil structure, not just an ...

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Speed Velocity And Acceleration

23 Mar 2015 11 May 2017

13 (4,911 )

In this chapter we will look at the concepts of speed, acceleration, and velocity. As we all know gravity is a large factor in the acceleration of an object. For the purposes of this chapter we will differentiate between linear and vertical acceleration as being objects that move linearly or horizontally i.e. linear acceleration, versus objects that fall, fly, or are thrown etc. i.e. vertical acceleration. Vertical ...

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Case study of the hybrid vehicle

23 Mar 2015 10 May 2017

9 (3,585 )

Alternative fuels are fuel that other than conventional fuel (fossil fuels or nuclear materials) used in energy-generated combustion such as biodiesel, hydrogen fuel, chemically stored electricity (hybrid), biomass and so on. Now there are many type of alternative transportation fuel in market. One of it is found out to be the hydrogen; however it is too expensive. So, instead, the automobile industry is embracing the idea of ...

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Principles of Systems Design and Engineering

03 Oct 2016 10 May 2017

3 (1,184 )

A decent systems designer ought to consider the majority of the practices of a systems overall in the connection of its surroundings is the systems viewpoint. They need to consider and see the systems in a "comprehensively" approach as opposed to decaying the systems into separated parts consequently verifying collaboration among the systems and nature happens bringing about fruitful finishing of the venture. Human relations: For a ...

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Load Calculation Voltage Drop And Size Cable

23 Mar 2015 10 May 2017

10 (3,834 )

Before wiring installation process is carried out, it must follow the rules of Malaysia 1994. which requires all wiring, additional wiring or rewiring to carried out by Electrical Contractor or Electrical Wiring Unit require approval writing from the licensee or supply authority. Wireman or Contractor need to plan and indentify the work want to carried out, so that work can be more clean, tidy and safe to ...

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Fresh Water Distillate Pump

23 Mar 2015 10 May 2017

14 (5,543 )

INTRODUCTION . There was MOD vessel on the port and this vessel required a fresh water for the 50 crew on the ship. So i have to make a system to produce fresh water on that ship. But the problem is that the ship is at port and there is lot of waste present in the port sea water such as organic waste which contain mainly garbage ...

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The arc welding of mild steel

23 Mar 2015 09 May 2017

7 (2,566 )

Introduction The microstructure of a material is significant when it comes to the properties and characteristics of a particular material. It would be perfect if the properties and characteristics, which are related to the microstructure, of the parent metal, heat affected zone and the weld metal is the same. However the probability of occurrence of such a situation is very less since the parent metals are used ...

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The History Of The Bionic Eye

23 Mar 2015 09 May 2017

7 (2,483 )

Here, we present a description of a block scheme, specific features of design and results of testing for a prototype of a bionic eye, types of them and its applications. The bionic eye is intended to provide vision, partially to the visually impaired by use of the modern day electronics devices like CCD cameras. The comprises a computer chip that sits in the back of the individual's ...

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Different techniques of spread spectrum

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

17 (6,468 )

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: The idea of this project is to study different techniques of spread spectrum. These techniques include the two processes of direct-sequence spread spectrum and frequency hopping spread spectrum. Both these techniques will be simulated in software called MATLAB. Also a brief mention will be there about the multiple access property of spread spectrum. This project deals with the implementation of spread spectrum using the ...

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Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

13 (5,088 )

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) constitutes up to 35 percent of energy used in manufacturing facilities. HVAC stands for heating, ventilation and air conditioning and refers to the equipment, distribution network and terminals used either collectively or individually to provide fresh filtered air, heating, cooling and humidity control in a building. A facility can have any combination of heating and cooling sources to supply the HVAC ...

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Principles Of Additive Manufacturing

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

12 (4,602 )

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a general term for all technologies that produce parts by layer addition of material at the micron level, to achieve the required shape, besides of metal removal technique which is traditional subtractive process. During research period, AM the layer by layer manufacturing terminology has been standardised by the American society for testing and materials (ASTM) committee F42 on additive layer technologies. In the ...

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Introduction To Air Conditioning

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

11 (4,305 )

Air conditioners and refrigerators work the same way. Instead of cooling just the small, insulated space inside of a refrigerator, an air conditioner cools a room, a whole house, or an entire business. Air conditioners use chemicals that easily convert from a gas to a liquid and back again. This chemical is used to transfer heat from the air inside of a home to the outside air. ...

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The Effects Of Speed Humps On Vehicles

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

15 (5,741 )

Abstract This project will examine the effects of speed humps on vehicles within the United Kingdom. Intensive investigation and reviews will be carried out on traffic calming measures used in the UK and a number of different aspects within the topic such as those currently in use and how improvements can be made to reducing traffic. The report also takes a close look at how speed bumps ...

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Construction Of Automatic Voltage Regulator

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

6 (2,335 )

1. Introduction Automatic voltage regulation is a process of converting the alternating voltage into a steady voltage. The device that is used to perform this process is known as an automatic voltage regulator(UST,2007,p1). An automatic voltage regulator is an electronic equipment that is used and designed to maintain the constant voltage level. This device prevent malfunctioning and damaging of the electrical equipment . Automatic voltage regulator uses ...

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Audio spotlight Device

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

4 (1,388 )

Abstract A directional source of audio sound created using a parametric array, sometimes called an audio spotlight, generates a sound beam that is much narrower than the sound beam generated by a conventional source. It is a very recent technology that creates focused beams of sound similar to light beams coming out of a flashlight. By ‘shining' sound to one location, specific listeners can be targeted with ...

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Design For Manufacturing And Assembly

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

27 (10,507 )

A design process that focuses on meeting customer requirements meanwhile balancing the important aspects such as cost, quality and performance is Dfma. DFMA is an abbreviation for "Design for manufacturing and assembly". It a software comprised of various principles or methods when used properly will improve the ability of design to be easily manufactured and assembled thereby decreasing the costs. This system can be divided ...

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The Ferranti Effect

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

15 (5,868 )

As the length of the line increases specially in extra high voltage (EHV) lines, beyond 200km, we observe a phenomenon called Ferranti Effect in no load or low load conditions. This is due to the fact that as the line length increases the capacitance of the line increases, and the shunt capacitance generates the reactive power in the line. Since there is no load or low load ...

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Three Phase System Outline

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

10 (3,899 )

Single phase systems are defined by having an AC source with only one voltage waveform. Figure 1 is a simple AC circuit. Single-phase power distribution is widely used especially in rural areas, because the cost of a single-phase distribution network is low. Figure 1:- Single phase system schematic diagram Today most of the electrical power generated in the world is three-phase. Three-phase power was first conceived by ...

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The mechanics of pipeline reeling

23 Mar 2015 05 May 2017

18 (7,182 )

An Insight Into The Mechanics Of Pipeline Reeling Abstract : Written here is a paper devoted to the mechanics of pipeline reeling. It contains an initial background into the various techniques used for rigid pipe lay, as well as a brief insight into the vessels used. The mechanics of pipeline reeling is discussed in detail, with the effect of pipeline ovalisation as well as a detailed understanding ...

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A micro assembler for a processor

23 Mar 2015 05 May 2017

6 (2,187 )

INTRODUCTION A micro assembler (sometimes called a meta-assembler) is acomputer programthat helps prepare amicroprogramto control the low level operation of a computer in much the same way anassemblerhelps prepare higher level code for aprocessor. The difference is that the microprogram is usually only developed by the processor manufacturer and works intimately with the hardware. The microprogram defines theinstruction setany normal program (including bothapplication programsandoperating systems) is written ...

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Geotechnical Structure For Basement Car Park

23 Mar 2015 05 May 2017

13 (4,896 )

Abstract The aim of this design/investigate project is to design a geotechnical structure for a basement car park. The objective of the project is to maximize the parking area available by designing a permanent retaining structure for a basement car park during construction excavation. The various types of retaining structure will be compared and considered first by logical and engineering point of view which includes several aspect ...

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History And Formation Of Newton's Rings

23 Mar 2015 05 May 2017

5 (1,861 )

In this experiment the physical property of interference of light will be used to determine the wavelength,, of a light source. The interference fringe system here is a pattern of concentric circles, the diameter of which you will measure with a travelling microscope (which has a Vernier scale). If a clean convex lens is placed on a clean glass slide (optically flat) and viewed in monochromatic light, ...

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Challenges Facing Airport Management

23 Mar 2015 05 May 2017

9 (3,417 )

Air travel remains a large and growing industry. It facilitates economic growth, world trade, international investment and tourism and is therefore central to the globalization taking place in many other industries which results in various challenges the airport authorities are facing in the 21st century. In the past 10 years, air travel has grown by 7% per year. Travel for both business and leisure purposes grew strongly ...

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Subsonic And Transonic Flight

23 Mar 2015 05 May 2017

7 (2,505 )

There are basically three speed ranges for the flight of aircrafts, namely; subsonic, transonic and supersonic. All the three speed ranges were taken taking the speed of sound in a medium as a reference point. In this analysis, more emphasis is given to the former two which are subsonic and transonic flight. Subsonic flight refers to flying the aircraft at speeds less than the speed of sound ...

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An Introduction To Welding

23 Mar 2015 04 May 2017

7 (2,425 )

Welding can be defined as a permanent joining process that produces coalescence of materials by heating them to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler metal [8]. Ibrahim [10] defined welding as a process of permanent joining two materials usually metals through localised coalescence resulting from suitable combination of ...

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Introduction Of Engine Block

23 Mar 2015 04 May 2017

14 (5,562 )

Until recently, cast iron and aluminum alloys have been successfully used to manufacture most diesel and conventional gasoline-powered engine blocks. However, with a greater emphasis on increasing the efficiency of the engine via weight reduction, there is a search for alternative alloys that are lighter than cast iron and aluminum alloys, while retaining the necessary strength to withstand the forces of an engine. In the late 1990s ...

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Basement Car Park Design

23 Mar 2015 04 May 2017

13 (4,930 )

A basement car park has to be design in this project to meet the property developers requirement. The car park will have 3 below ground level as the figure attached in the appendix (page 2). A site investigation has been completed and supplied as the information in this project. The construction technique for the basement walls has to be identified, then design the basement walls and produce ...

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Quantization effects in digital filters

23 Mar 2015 04 May 2017

9 (3,478 )

ABSTRACT: Quantization effects in digital filters can be divided into four main categories: quantization of system coefficients, errors due to A-D conversion, errors due to roundoffs in the arithmetic, and a constraint on signal level due to the requirement that overflow must be prevented in the comparison. The effects of quantization on implementations of two basic algorithms of digital filtering-the first-or second-order linear recursive difference equation, and ...

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Analysis Of Using Podded Propulsors

23 Mar 2015 04 May 2017

6 (2,121 )

Over the past few decades the concept of podded propulsion in merchant ships has gained significant acceptance in the merchant marine industry. Mostly due to the fact that podded propulsion systems offer several advantages in contrast to the conventional, shaft drive arrangement systems. The benefits we will refer to are mostly maneuverability, lower noise generation and more available space for cargo in merchant vessels. However before discussing ...

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Digital modulation and demodulation

23 Mar 2015 04 May 2017

27 (10,599 )

Chapter 1 Digital Communications 1.0 Digital Communication 1.1 Introduction Communication Process: When we think of communication, we usually think of people talking or listening to each other. This may happen face to face, or it may occur through the assistance of a telephone, radio, or television. Basically, communication is the transfer of information. Life In our modern, complex world depends more and more on the transfer of ...

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Finite Element Analysis And Analytical Method

23 Mar 2015 03 May 2017

15 (5,878 )

Stone columns are widely used as a ground improvement technique especially in construction of shallow foundations. The main concern in the application of stone columns rely on how well it performs, which involves reducing the overall settlement of the stone column. This project mainly investigates the comparison and contrast between finite element analysis and analytical method in modelling stone columns, whereby settlements of the stone columns are ...

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Swing Bridge General Earlier Bridge

23 Mar 2015 03 May 2017

14 (5,362 )

The river Esk has been crossed for centuries and it has been maintained by Edward III in 1353, and has been repaired with hard wood from the Oak by John Sehlboty in 1407. In 1926 Riding justices decided that the bridge should be change to new structure bridge with movable parts. 96 years later the bridge was in very impoverished condition and was needed to be repaired, ...

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Safety in plastic manufacturing

23 Mar 2015 03 May 2017

7 (2,557 )

INTRODUCTION: Plastic manufacturing is becoming one of the most important fields in manufacturing (Makin 1987). All manufacturers are trying to reduce their cost by putting plastic into their machines or computers. Plastic Manufacturing started from producing combs and buttons till it reached different fields of production such as: automotive, medical equipments, aerospace, construction and consumer goods as well as toys and packaging. The most important threat that ...

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Advantages Of Autonomous Vehicles

23 Mar 2015 03 May 2017

9 (3,569 )

Autonomous cars, or cars that run without a human driver, have been in development for over the past few decades, starting from the late 70's and extending towards the present date and even beyond. During the early stages, the autonomous vehicles were slow in speed and even in reaction time. Nowadays, with technological advancement, coupled with better research knowledge and funding towards further development, product improvement has ...

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USB flash drives

23 Mar 2015 02 May 2017

4 (1,316 )

The USB (Universal Serial Bus) Flash drives are small storage devices which can store large amount of data in the form of flash memory and are portable. They are available in different sizes varying from 256MB to 64GB. The history to when the USB pen drives first came in existence is quite controversial, however, it is said that the first commercially-available USB flash drive was called the ...

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