Learning Theory And The Instructional Plan Template

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02 Nov 2017

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Stacy Jole

Walden University

Dr. Susan Webber

Design, curriculum, instruction and assessment EDUC-6640-K

January 12, 2013

There are many theories and models of learning that address how people learn. These theories and/or models go hand in hand with curriculum and instructional design. Having a theory or model should be a valued prerequisite in designing lessons. Theories and models assist in generating ideas on how to effectively engage students and promote learning.

The model that I feel resonates closest to how I teach would be the ADDIE model.

The ADDIE model is a systematic instructional design model. This model consists of the following five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. During the analysis step of ADDIE, the teacher identifies the learning problem, the goals and objectives, the student’s needs, presented knowledge, and additional pertinent characteristics. In the design step is where the process of the look and the feel of the lesson comes in, and specifying the learning objectives to be included in the lesson. The development step is where the actual learning materials and content of the lesson are created based on the previous design step. Next is the implementation step where the materials are dispersed to the students. And finally, the formative and summative evaluation is done of the implementation of the lesson. Each step of the model concludes with a result that flows into the subsequent step in the series.

Within the classroom I use every step within the ADDIE model during the implementation of the daily lesson or lessons. Being a new teacher has had many challenges to face in all aspects of the teaching field. One of these challenges for me would be the lack of experience with implementation and evaluation of lessons. Implementation is important in engaging the students in learning the lesson at hand. It is also vital that I continue to explore different strategies to deliver lessons in an engaging and interesting fashion. Evaluation is an important factor for future instructional design. Evaluating the outcome of previous lessons allows for proper modifications of future lesson plans. Modifications are necessary throughout the lesson because there are always students who are not progressing at a timely pace and also some that are progressing at a faster pace than expected. There is always room for improvement in every aspect of teaching.

One of the other models that interested me is the ARCS model of motivational design by Keller. The acronym ARCS stands for attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. After reading more about this model I intend on trying to implement some of the attention grabbing strategies within the attention section of the model. Also, connecting the relevance of the lesson to establish motivation is another area that I am weaker than I would like to admit. Every day is a learning experience for everyone involved.

Making use of these learning models is an important prerequisite for designing my curriculum. It helps me to ensure that I am keeping in mind the learning objectives, delivery options, prior knowledge of my students, and continuous evaluation of the effectiveness of the lesson itself and the strategies used to deliver the lesson.

According to the "What Teachers Should Know and Be Able to Do" article by the National Board of Professional Teaching Standards, teachers should be able to effectively enhance student learning and display high level skills of knowledge, skills abilities, and commitments in the five core propositions. The five propositions are as follows: teachers are committed to their students and their learning, teachers know the subjects they teach as well as how to teach it to their students, they are responsible for monitoring and managing student learning, teachers should think systematically and learn from their experiences, and teachers should work collaboratively with their peers in learning communities. Using these five propositions I am able to set professional goals that ensure I can continually improve my effectiveness as a teacher. Continual professional growth is the key to becoming a highly effective teacher in your chosen field of study.

The KASAB model is used to take in hand educator’s goals for expert development.

KASAB is an acronym and it stands for knowledge, attitude, skills, aspirations, and behaviors. The area of knowledge covers conceptual understanding of information, theories, principles, and research. In this area of KASAB a goal of mine is to deepen my knowledge of effective strategies. In the attitude category falls beliefs about the value of particular information or strategies, and I would like to continually strive to ensure that all of my students continue to learn and grow academically. The skills area covers the ability to use strategies and processes to apply knowledge and this is where I know that I need improvement in the area of identifying and analyzing data in order to correlate to students needs. Under the aspirations category falls the internal motivation to engage in a particular practice. I aspire to improve my abilities in the effectiveness of instruction on each and every one of my students; ensuring that each student learns to his/her maximum potential. The behavior category of KASAB includes consistent application of knowledge and skills; in this area I will be sure to frequently monitor students’ progress in order to create and maintain flexible instructional groups.

Having a theory or model as a prerequisite in designing a lessons is very important for successful student learning outcomes. The multitude of theories and models available to educators are an invaluable asset in the assistance of generating ideas on how to effectively engage students and promote learning.



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