Example Research Trail

Published Date: 13 Sep 2016 Last Modified: 15 Jan 2018

Research Trail

Question Title:

An engineering business with its headquarters in the Netherlands could either set up a branch in Belgium to service its Belgian customers or offer its services to Belgian clients from its office in the Netherlands. The first case would constitute establishment, the second would merely refer to the provision of services.

Horspool and Humphreys, European Union Law, 4th ed.

In the light of this statement explain the development that has taken place in European Union law relating to the rules of establishment and provision of services. Assess the extent to which the European Court of Justice has been able to draw clear lines of distinction between them.

Texts:

Library search for general EU law texts:

Craig and De Burca:

“EU law: Text Cases and Materials”.

Chapter 18: Freedom of establishment and to provide servies.

Chalmers, Hadjiemmanuil, Monti and Tomkins.

“European Union Law: Text and Materials”.

Chapter 17; The free movement of services

Weatherhill.

Cases and Materials on EU law.

Chapter 14 “Freedom of Establishment and freemovemennt of services: Articles 43 and 49”

Internet resources:

Search of www.google.scholar.com

Terms:

• right to practise law EU freedom of establishment services
• Freedom of establishment free movement of services
• Awesti, A. (2006). Intergovernmentalist theory and Eurosclerosicm: an Intergovernmentalist critique. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/phd/crips/working_papers/2006/working_paper_2_awesti.pdf
• Flint, D. Moens, G. (1993). Business Law of the European Community. DataLegal Publications; Brisbane. (Book review which I then found at the library).
• Foster, N. (1991). European Community Law and the freedom of lawyers in the United Kingdom and Germany. The International and Comparative Law Quarterly ,Vol.40,No.3.(Jul.,1991),pp.607-634.
• Goebel, R. (1992). Lawyers In The European Community: Progress Towards Community-Wide Rights Of Practice. Fordham Int'l LJ 15,
• Malcolm Ross, ‘Freedom of Establishment and Freedom to Provide Services: Mutual Recognition of Professional Qualifications’ (1989) 14 Eur L Rev 162, 165.
• Nicolaïdis, K. (2006). „Globalization with Human Faces: Managed Mutual Recognition and the Free Movement of Professionals“ contained in Fiorella, K. Padoa, S. (eds.)(2004). The Principle of Mutual Recognition in the European Integration Process. Palgrave: Basingstoke.
• Podell, M. (2001). When zeal for European Unity overcame common sense: the lawyers directive. Boston college Law review. http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/law/lwsch/journals/bciclr/23_1/03_TXT.htm
• Quinn, J. (2004). The right to practise law in the European Union: an American perspective. (1).113-129. http://austlii.law.uts.edu.au/au/journals/MqBLJ/2004/6.html

Cases (primary sources):

Westlaw Search:

Search by terms: freedom of establishment services lawyers

C-243/01. Criminal Proceedings against Gambelli [2006] 1 C.M.L.R. 35

C-221/89. R. v Secretary of State for Transport Ex p. Factortame Ltd [1991] 3 All E.R. 769. Para 20.

C-2/74. Jean Reyners v Belgian State [1974]ECR 00631.

C-283/99. Commission v Italy [2001] ECR I-4363

C-33/74. J. H. M. Van Binsbergen v Bestuur Van de Bedrijfsvereniging voor de Metaalnijverheid [1975] 1 C.M.L.R. 304.

C-55/94. Reinhard Gebhard v Consiglio Dell'Ordine degli Avvocati E Procuratori di Milano

C-70/95. Sodemare et al v Regione Lombardia [1998] E.J.H.L 67

C-26/62. Van Gend En Loos v Nederlandse Administratie Der Belastingen [1963] ECR 1.

C-427/85. Commission v Germany [1988] ECR 1123.

C-294/89. Commission v French Republic.

C-340/89. Irene Vlassopoulou v Ministerium für Justiz Bundes-und Europaan-gelegenheiten Baden Wurttemberg [1991] ECR 2357.

C-168/98. Grand Duchy of Luxembourg v European Parliament and Council of the European Union [2000] ECR I-09131

C-506/04. Graham J. Wilson v Ordre des avocats du barreau de Luxembourg.

Treaty Articles and Directives

Eur-Lex.

Art 44(2) TEC.

Art 47(1) TEC

Art 47(2) TEC.

Directive 85/384/EEC on the mutual recognition of diplomas

Directive 2005/36/EC for the Recognition of Professional Qualifications

Directive 77/249 (preamble)

Directive 77/249. Art 5.

Directive 89/48 Article 2.

Directive 89/48 Article 4.

Directive 89/48 Article 1(g)

Directive 98/5. Article 3(1).

Directive 98/5. Article 5(1).

Directive 98/5. Article 10.

Directive 98/5. Article 10 (1).

Word Count 498.