Transmission Control And Internet Protocol

Published Date: 02 Nov 2017

ARPANET was the first network technology that was funded by U.S military after the cold war to communicate the military command. At the end of 1969, the four computers for the project by U.S Department of Defense (DoD) were able to connect to the initial ARPANET. (Stair, Reynolds, p 258)

In October 1972, one of the researchers of ARPANET exhibited at the International Computer Communication Conference (ICCC). It became public and popular new network technology. Computers were joined to the ARPANET after the exhibition. (2012, internetsociety) The ARPANET became very reliable network for Dod, military research contractors and also many universities doing military funded research. Other universities in the United State would like to use the network to help in their lessons. As the demand was growing, the ARPANET became difficult to manage so that it was divided to two networks; MILNET for military spot and ARPANET for all civilians.

There was another achievement in 1972:the Electronic Mail was also introduced to the public by Ray Tomlinson. (2000-2013, Investintech.com Inc)

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Timeline of the Internet

Nowadays, people not only use for searching the data but also for business. At 2001, the Internet marketing business began and online shopping was well known among community. In 2004, Web 2.0 is in demand between people after O’Reilli and MediaLive debut Web 2.0 to public. (Starir, Reynolds, p259). In 2006, there was an emergence of new technology: cloud computing. In June 2007 Apple produced iPhone that can access the Internet and it’s popularity rises. (2013, Apple Inc)

Introduction

Nowadays, Internet becomes huge network of communication for thousands of million of people around the world. People can communicate easily from another country without travelling to another country.

The Internet, commonly called "the Net", is a worldwide network that can connect with other computers; all users can exchange the data free using the interlinked network.

These network facilitate the Internet in many situation like file transferring, online chat such as Skype, MSN, and searching the data that people want to know using World Wide Web (www).

Core function of Internet

As the time is changing, technology of Internet has also evolved and changed in recent years. However, the function of the Internet is remaining the same. There are two core functions today and are the basic for Internet. The first one is Packet Switching. The second is The TCP/IP communications protocol.

Packet switching

Packet switching is an arrangement of several digital messages into chunks called packets: transmit those packets along different communication ways and then resembling them into original messages once they arrive at their destination.

Transmission Control and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Transmission control protocol is one of an important protocol for Ineternet. TCP establish the link between transferring and receiving Web computers and make sure that the other receives packets.

Nowadays, there are more than 500 million computers linked to the Internet communication with one another. "How those computer attached each other?" The answer is that each and every computer that is joined to Internet must have an address, called IP address. An IP address is a 64-bit number that determined a computer on the Internet such as 22.231.113.64 or 194.66.82.11.

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Cloud computing

One of the improvements of Internet technology is the Cloud Computing. The use of the "cloud figure" represents the Internet and the Cloud computing means users’ information, data, photos and other things can store using the Internet and can get them anytime they want. In the early 2000, Amazon company use the cloud computing as they accept that cloud computing can make great effort in their business. (2012 EZE Castle Integration)

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Source: 2010, Alchemy Systems

As the Cloud computing is easy to access, business are switching their business activity to the Web. There may be some pros and cons of Cloud computing.

Pros

Cons

Lower cost-it reduces the paper-works, installation and maintenance. Minimize the buying of hardware devices to store business’s information.

Secured- The information that is stored in cloud is not secured. Some of the information may lose and some cannot recover.

Easy to access- No need to have knowledge for technology as users can open the application.

Extra cost- As the business is growing, the more data need to store. Therefore, corporate need to buy some storage like I Cloud: it only gives 5GB. If business wants to upgrade the memory, need to pay some extra money.

Cross-platform- Whether user is working with PCs or Macs, Cloud application works for both.

Delay times- There may be some problems when many people use the same cloud

World Wide Web (www)

People commonly use the terms Internet and World Wide Web reciprocally, but in fact they are different. Internet is connected millions of computers together globally while World Wide Web is one set of services that run on Internet which supports hypertext and multimedia to access numerous internet protocol on a single interface. (Stair/ Reynolds, P266) For example, Email, Telnet, FTP and Internet gaming are all part of Internet but not part of the World Wide Web. (Curtis and Cobham,P 181)

The Web includes Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (http), Hypertext and link, servers, client software, standards and mark-up languages. The Web linked million of information, documents, Web pages, that contain bundle of servers around the world which are connected one and another using hyperlink.

Intranet and Extranet

Internal networks are Intranet and extranets, which is same as Internet but it make it possible to operate a worldwide network, can also be used by private and government organizations.

Intranet is an information portal, which is constructed for internal corporations of small, medium and large business, enterprise, government associations, financial institutions or industries. Users of Intranet include

Members of administrative group

Accounting and ordering bills

Sale and support staff

Customer help desk, etc.

Extranet is a network that firms allow their certain files to outsiders to use internal TCP/IP networks. Users of Extranet includes

Customers

Suppliers or subcontractors

Selected Business partners, etc. (BBC, 2013)

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Both Intranet and Extranet

Need user ID and password to access the services.

Can save time and money of company or organizations. (Paperless)

Internet technology in business

Case study 1-Dell

One of the best company which use Internet technology among business industries is Dell Inc. Dell was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell at the age of 19, the computer industries’ longest chief executive officer. (2013, Dell)

At first Dell sold personal computers out of his doom. Dell got the idea that none of the company sell directly to customers: companies just sell by opening outlets. Dell bought necessary parts of computer and them assembled them into clones of IBM. (Bio.com) Dell created online store and started sells computers by mail order to customers who want cheap price with same quality. This innovation became popular and success. Customers can choose their PC or laptops at Dell Website according to their preferences. This became top brand name in the direct mail market.

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Case study 2-DHL

DHL is an international express, air and ocean freight, road and rail transportation, contract logistic and mail service to customers who are all around the world. DHL is the global market leader in logistic industry. (2013, DHL)

"How the organization manages to transport to all around the world?" The core function of organization is management but another thing is corporation cannot manage without Internet technology. Everything is using Internet such as DHL use web to do online shipping, customers can track the shipment from online, can print out the labels, schedule courier pickups, etc.

Therefore, customers can track mail or goods to another place without going to retail shop and it save time.

Advantages of Internet technology in real world

Internet can assist organizations to achieve their goals or objectives in many ways.

Competitive advantage: Dell made the victory of using Internet technology as an entrepreneur.

Lower cost: Using Internet technology can lower the cost. If companies store data on cloud, organizations do not need to keep hard copy so no need to use paper or other material.

Improvement of customer support/services and lowering of related cost on time.

Increase profit: In the recent years, manufacturing and intermediate goods produces need middleman to sell their products. The Internet allows these companies to sell goods directly to the customers so that business sale increases.

Save the time: Communication technology linking with Internet technology can save the time as employee can share data or communicate each other.

Future Trends for Internet technology

Internet technology will become more evolve and spread around the globe than today and importance of Internet technology will grow for technologists and other people’s everyday life. For example, Korea people have no time to go glossary shopping. So company use Internet technology and marketing strategies to attract customers.

Therefore, virtual world will become exciting environment all over the world over the next 10 years.

Conclusion

Today, Internet is the world’s largest computer network include pack switching, Internet Protocol (IP) and Uniform Resources Locator (URL). Each computer has IP address when they connect to Internet Server. People can transfer information, communication, providing a platform for expressing ideas and opinion via Internet and Web.

Cloud computing is a computing environment where users can store data and information and access from anywhere rather than keeping on PCs, hard disk and other storage materials.