The Battle Of Normandy Research Paper

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02 Nov 2017

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D-Day: The Battle of Normandy Research Paper

D-Day was the largest amphibious attack in history according to General Eisenhower’s Message Sent Just Prior to the Invasion, written on the Army.mil website. This battle happened during World War II on June 6, 1944. The battle was suppose to take place initially on June 5, 1944, but because of horrible weather conditions it was delayed twenty-four hours as addressed by writer Omar N. Bradley(Bradley 6). D-Day took place in Normandy where American, Canadian, Russian, and British soldiers defended themselves from the Nazi units. There were key leaders that made it possible for D-Day to be essential such as, Winston Churchill, General Dwight Eisenhower, and Tar Roberston. They ensured the battle of Normandy would be a success by developing deceitful operations such as, overlord operation, fortitude operation, and bodyguard operation. The purpose of these operations carefully developed was to stop communist, free the Jewish, and liberate Western Europe. Winston Churchill, Dwight Eisenhower, and Tar Roberston created operations that made D-Day a success that stop Adolf Hitler from expanding communism worldwide.

According to webpage World War II: D-Day- The Invasion of Normandy, Adolf Hitler was a German political leader who wanted to expand the National Socialist German Workers Party also known as Nazis. Hitler was also the chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 that gave him an advantage to become Dictator in 1934 to 1945. His political plans were to invade and spread communism and to stop interbreeding and marriage with non-Jewish and German Jewish people. It was said on the website World War II: D-Day- The Invasion of Normandy, Adolf Hitler made laws that made it against the law for Jewish people to marry Germans. These are the political ideas that ignited World War II and the Holocaust.

The Nazi party in the Holocaust killed eleven million to fourteen million people with six million of them being Jewish. Jewish people were put in concentration camps, extermination camps, and executions. Then Nazis invaded Scandinavia, France, Luxemburg, Netherlands and Belgium to spread communism. Hitler also ordered for a bombing raid on the United Kingdom so the Nazis could invade after.

Winston Churchill was a British Prime Minster that gave his insight to the battle of Normandy and was well respected according to the film Ike: Countdown to D-Day directed by Robert Harmon. Winston Churchill was a major leader in Britain that was highly intelligent in military tactics according to the book D-Day (Bradley 11). This made him extremely valuable when it operations were developed and reviewed because he was able to give a insight that could have possibly made the operation work such as, operation overlord, when Dwight Eisenhower was hesitant to send the troops in June 6, 1944 because Eisenhower was not sure if the weather would be clear but, Churchill ensured Eisenhower’s puzzled mine and they sent the troops and the weather conditions were perfect according to the movie Ike: Countdown to D-Day. Prime Minister Winston Churchill also had trust in America’s tactics and decision making. In the book D-Day written by Anothy Beevor said, "Churchill once remarked that the Americans always came to the right decision" (Beevor 14).

General Dwight Eisenhower was the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) in Europe during the plotting of D-Day according to military history website written by Michael J. O’Neal. He was over the every decisions of operation overlord that had to be thought about thoroughly and planned perfectly. There was many times operation overlord had to be postponed for simplistic reasons such as weather, however, weather conditions had a huge effect because it would affect the sand and slopes of the shore of Normandy, making it rigors to invade stated in the book Double Agent, written by Ben Macintyre (Macintyre 12). Despite, Eisenhower being a stressful thinker he was an extremely friendly person and officer. It is said by Gerald McRaney in a documentary called D-Day: The Total Story Dwight Eisenhower was ordered for his identification card to shown to enter access in to a facility and Eisenhower told the enlisted, "ok son, here is my wallet could you please find it for me."

In the book Double Agent, written by Tar Roberston was more of the secretive leader that was under concealed restrictions (Roberston 22). In the book Double Agent, written by Tar Roberston he created weapons that he started developing in 1943 and completed in 1946 (Roberston 4). This weapon was not destructible a death machine, or a bomb, but it was double agents. Tar Roberston converted German spies into double agents that gave America and Britain a huge advantage. He called turning German spies into double agents the "Double Cross" system. These double agents were important because it manipulated German military plans because the double agents told them what American military leaders wanted them to believe. This deceived the Germans and altered their tactics, exactly as America wanted them to do. This allowed America to complete their operations and succeed. Listed on the online article D Day- Troop Carriers, there was also a powerful unit used in D-Day called the 82nd Airborne that did various missions to stop the German forces. The 82nd Airborne landed cargo combat, and surveillance. The plains the pilots flew were WACO CG 4A Combat Glider that was made out of plywood and had no engine, propeller, or roar.

Operation fortitude essential for operation bodyguard and overlord because the purpose of Operation fortitude was make German troops think America and allies were going to attack in another position according to D-day Invasion at Normandy(1944) Summary website. It was also to make certain when operation overlord took place German troops would not overwhelm the ambush because they would think the attack is in another location. Operation fortitude took place pas de Clais according to D-Day written by John Costello and Terry Hughes (Costello 9). Pas de Clais was actually suppose to be the location operation overlord because it was a direct route to German industrial key source in the Ruhr. However, the slopes, sandy beach were long, slightly sloped, wide with gaps that made it easy to maneuver for a invasion, so Normandy was the perfect area for a large amphibious invasion according to the book D-Day The Battle For Normandy written by Antony Beevor (Beevor 4).Operation fortitude was an outstanding plan but, there was already a plan like this that was already executed in 1943 at Sicilian, which was successfully that made Adolf Hitler alert of deceitful attacks according to Antony Beevor(Beevor 7). This is where operation bodyguard was vital.

The bodyguard operation was German spies that were converted into double spies. They were also called twenty committee for the Roman numeral XX, to express the double cross stated by Ben Macintrye (Macintrye 20). The first five code names were Bronx, Brutus, Treasure, Tricycle, and Garbo. There were many of double agent but, the first dozen were used to recruit German spies to become double agents, also German military intelligence, and make German military to believe they were well connected with Britain (even though they were not) stated (Macintrye 21). The double agents purpose was to be treacherous, capacious, greedy, courage, and inspire other spies (Macintrye 23). This operation was so success until in June 1943, every German in Britain was a double agent. Sense operation bodyguard was so expanded for D-Day they were able make Germans believe the wrong information about American tactics and interest. This allowed America to have the advantage over the Germans and win the battle of Normandy.

The purpose of D-Day was to stop Adolf Hitler’s plans. Hitler wanted to expand communism and it was very possible to do so from his progress. America, Russia, Britain, and Candida also wanted to free the Jewish from Hitler’s Nazis. The Jewish people were going to be extinct and that was inhuman to do so. America and allies also wanted to liberate the Western Europe such as the French from the cross fire of World War II. So, the Atlantic wall had to be destroyed and it was done so by key leaders, operations, and technology they developed. I have learned that America must always be on the alert for any attack and be watchful for spies in America. America allows people of any culture to enter and gain nationally that could be devastating to our government, so every individual person that is in America must be examined carefully to protect America’s secrets. I also learned an effective weapon does not have to be something engineered but, it can be a human that manipulates enemy’s plans.

Work Cited

Double Cross. New York: Crown, 2012. Print.

D-Day. Kansas city: Kansas University, 1971. Print

D-Day. New York: Macmillian, 1974. Print.

D-Day, 6 June 1944. BBC., n.d. Web 15 April 2013.

D-day Invasion at Normandy(1944) Summary. Michael J. O’Neal., n.d. Web. 15 April 2013

D-Day The Battle For Normandy. New York: Penguin Group,2009. Print.

D-Day: The Total Story. History Channel. 28 Arpil 2013. Television.

D Day- Troop Carriers. World War II Pilots., n.d. Web. 30 April 2013

General Eisenhower’s Message Sent Just Prior to the Invasion. Army.Mil., n.d. Web. 15 April 2013.

Ike: Countdown to D-Day. Dir. Robert Harmon. Pref. Tom Selleck, James Remar, Timothy Bottoms. Netflix. 2004. Film.

Operation Fortitude. Wikipedia., n.d. Web. 15 April 2013.

Our Documents: D-Day. FDR Library., n.d. Web. 15 April 2013.

Work Cited

World War II: D-Day- The Invasion of Normandy. Kennendy Hickman., n.d. Web. 15 April 2013



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