Developmental Issues in Identity Formation and Self Esteem

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Critically discuss the significance of understanding the developmental issues of identity formation and self-esteem as a guidance counsellor with reference to the work of at least 3 theorists covered on the module. Early adolescence is a period of obvious human development and growth which occurs between childhood and adolescence. Adolescence is the transition from childhood to adulthood, it's when the form of attachment with their ...

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Relationship Between GCSE Grades and Socioeconomic Variables

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Introduction The data set resulted from measuring variables mostly focused on various GSCE grades, type of schools attended and family education levels and it is comprised of 1450 responses. Out of the 1450 participants, 57.2 percent were females (830 females) and 42.8 percent males (620 males) 16-year-old students from England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Furthermore, the objective of the analysis is to explore possible correlations ...

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Critical Incident Reflection: Group Task

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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This critical incident reflection is related to a recent group assignment I had to do with a friend who suffered from a serious medical condition of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. For confidential purposes, this person will be referred to as J throughout this reflection. One of the primary symptoms of J's condition was that obsessive thoughts distracted him from his work and, hence, his normal work ...

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Personal Reflection on Becoming a Innovative Entrepreneur

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Entrepreneurial skills are not necessarily genetic and can be achieved by any driven individual (Jones, Macpherson and Jayawarna, 2014). In addition to class lectures and independent study, effective entrepreneurship learning involves developing crucial self-reflection, innovative and cognitive awareness skills; and possessing generic competencies which can be further enhanced by social elements (Jones, Macpherson and Jayawarna, 2014). Nevertheless, it is important to note that entrepreneurship is ...

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Neural Differences in Native Language Comprehension

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Title of journal: Neural differences between monolinguals and early bilinguals in their native language during comprehension Author: Román, P., González, J., Ventura-Campos, N., Rodríguez-Pujadas, A., Sanjuán, A., & Ávila, C. ed Introduction: This journal wants to test for the existence of neural signature of bilingualism mainly trying to extend beyond the results on semantic processing (Kovelman, Shalinsky, Berens, & Petitto, 2008; Kovelman, Baker, et al., ...

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Mother' Perspectives of Infant Day Care - Research

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Introduction The qualitative semi-structured interviews analysed are from a study of new mothers' perspectives on using day care for their infants. The qualitative interviews have been thematically analysed using template analysis. The reason why this type of analysis was chosen is because it was identified as the most fitting due to it offering the possibility to conduct a rich and in depth analysis of the ...

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Treatment Strategies for OCD: A Case Study

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Service context: The service context involves a secondary care community mental health team in a deprived area of South Wales. In this service context an audit completed by the Psychologists revealed a high level of reported abuse, including emotional and psychological, in the client population. Thus, services are configured within a trauma informed approach, and much of the work revolves around trauma. Within the Psychological ...

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Pre-operational Stage of Piaget's Cognitive Development

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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In this essay, I will be describing the pre-operational stage of cognitive development brought to prominence by Swiss clinical psychologist Jean Piaget. "A central component of Piaget's developmental theory of learning and thinking is that both involve the participation of the learner. Knowledge is not merely transmitted verbally but must be constructed and reconstructed by the learner." (Ginn, 1995: 3). Firstly, I will give a ...

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The Science of Selfhood

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Ian A. M. Nicholson wrote the book Inventing Personality to cover and illustrate the work of Gordon Allport and the intensive research he pursued to learn more about personality or otherwise coined "Science of Selfhood". Gordon Allport was known by others as the "Patron Saint" of personality. It was said he did more than others to make personality psychology a well -known and established practice. ...

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Sentence Processing in Chinese-Amercan Bilinguals

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Aaronson D. and Ferres S. Presented by: Charmaine de Castro INTRODUCTION The main topic of the study is how bilinguals process sentences in terms of structure and function. The main question in the article was to figure out how Chinese-American bilinguals would compare to monolingual English speakers when they read sentences and diagnose how they process them differently. This article tested the theory that ...

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Benefits of Pretend Play for Child Development

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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In what ways might engaging in pretend play in early childhood be beneficial for a child's development? Use evidence from psychological research to support your answer. Pretend play is often discussed, yet rarely understood. A child can engage in fantastic play since early childhood with the purpose of developing certain skills and abilities (e.g. : cognitive skills, language and literacy abilities, creativity abilities, emotional benefits ...

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Introduction to Schizophrenia Research

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Schizophrenia does not appear too much in popular culture, any instance that can be named in some recent movies and television programs does not paint the mental illness in any type of positive light, as these situations are only made public in the case that something happened. Any time a person with schizophrenia is brought into the public light, the history of that person's mental ...

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Topics in Intergroup Relations

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Introduction Different groups have different goals, interests, beliefs and principles. At times, one group's interests or goals may clash or contradict with another group's interests or goals and in such a situation, a conflict is likely to arise. The term 'conflict' has been defined differently by various researchers. It has been described as the experience of incompatible activities (goals, claims, beliefs, values, wishes, actions, feelings, ...

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Presenting Problem of Severe Anxiety

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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A Presenting Problem of Severe Anxiety - Stage 2 Essay: Group 2; Essay Number 3 For the sake of conserving space I am going to assume that the examiner has access to the background information provided for this essay and so, although I will refer to the information provided, I do not propose to repeat the essay brief here (there is not a title as ...

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Social Identity Theory and Conformity

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Apply Social Identity Theory to ONE contemporary topic in Social Psychology. "Self Identity is inextricably bound up with the identity of the surroundings" Svendsen, A Philosophy of Boredom. There has been significant impacts within the field of Social Psychology from conformity, because it has brought vast understanding of group pressure. The term 'Conformity' is often defined as: An action that is the succumbing of a ...

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Assessing Moral Values

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Are the truths of moral judgements only relative to a specific viewpoint, or are some certainties absolute, or even contextual? An examination of the moral relativist viewpoint reveals elements that are pertinent to more than one perspective; some attitudes held as certainties, or absolutes, or relative per context. Is it possible to be morally relativistic while holding logically inconsistent positions? The outlook that respecting people ...

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Middle Childhood: Evaluation of Development and Milestones

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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These dimensions are not separate, they overlap consistently, for instance, can strongly influence another. Writing words, for an example, requires physical development (sub-category: fine motor skills) but it also requires language which falls under a part of the cognitive development. This essay discusses the developmental period of middle childhood (usually defined as ages 6 to about 12), addresses the milestones faced for this age group. ...

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Minimal-pair Word Learning by Bilingual Toddlers

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Minimal-pair word learning by bilingual toddlers: the Catalan /e/-/É›/ contrast revisited   Introduction This study concentrated on whether or not infants would be able to detect small differences in sounds of different languages. Previous research has shown that by a year old, infants will tune their ears to be able to only detect their native language (Byers-Heinlein& Fennell, 2014). Research also can tell us ...

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Theories of Sexology |Development of Sexology

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Per Weiner, L., and Avery-Clark, C. 2014, Masters and Johnson are remembered for detecting scientific data on the human sexual response. Masters and Johnson also came up with a short-term treatment program for sexual dysfunctions. Even though coming up with a treatment is important, their most important work to the field of sex therapy is the development of sensate focus or sexual exercises for couples ...

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Overview of Freud's Psychosexual Theory

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Sexuality- Research Paper Sexuality is a person's sexual curiosity and desire for other people; their ability to have sexually stimulating occurrences and responses (Defining Sex, Gender, and Sexuality). In this paper, we will explore the different theories that have tried to explain the concept of sexuality. Those theories are the psychoanalytic theory, the learning theory, the social exchange theory, and the cognitive theory. Sexual dysfunctions ...

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Book Review: The Boy Who Was Raised As A Dog

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Book Review: The Boy Who Was Raised As A Dog During pregnancy there is an undeniable connection between a mother and her baby. From the moment fertilization takes place a tiny seed (human being) starts to form that will change the life of many forever. Without knowing the mother could be carrying the next Aristotle, mother Teresa, or even the President of The United States. ...

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Post Partum Depression

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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 New mothers suffer major effects after the birth of a child. The most talked about effect is called "Post Partum Depression" Most new mothers suffer post partum depression after a short amount of time after birth. Post partum usually last few months but can go up to a year. How does post partum affect new mothers ? Post partum effects many new mothers physiologically as ...

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Types of Abuse: Domestic, Financial and Technological

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Abuse occurs when people mistreat or misuse other people. Abusive behaviors are used to manipulate others. But the uncommon types of abuse are just as important as the common ones. They include economic, academic, and psychological abuse. Economic abuse is a form of abuse when one intimate partner has control over the other partner's access to economic resources, which diminishes the victim's capacity to support ...

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The Impact of Divorce on New College Students

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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In most cases parents' divorce is assumed to create a negative impact on kids under the age of 18 years old because children at a young age are proven to be at a higher risk of getting affected emotionally and psychologically when parents seek divorce. However, many divorced parents have the wrong impression that kids in college are immune to the effects of divorce, therefore ...

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Diversional Therapy Practice - Impact of New Initiatives

15 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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DIVERSIONAL THERAPY PRACTICE    Diversional Therapy includes the planning, outlining, coordination and execution of client focused recreation activities. The aim of which is to enhance the quality of life through continuous support and improvement of the client's spiritual, emotional, physical, psychological and social needs and well-being. Every activity is designed to tailor-fit an individual's need or a group's, in order to attain the optimum individual ...

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Role of Prior Language Context on Bilingual Spoken Word

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The role of prior language context on bilingual spoken word processing: Evidence from the visual world task Introduction: The main topic of this paper is how cross-language activation and within-language activation is affected in spoken language processing in bilinguals depending on which language was most recently spoken. There were two opposing hypotheses that were tested. The first one is the language mode view, which states ...

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Analysis of Personality Tests

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Personality Personality is the organized pattern of behavior and attitudes that makes a human being distinctive. Personality is formed by the ongoing interaction of temperament, character, and environment (Gale 1147). It affects your everyday life and plays a major key on your perspective on topics. One's personality is not inherited, you acquire it through childhood growth and environment. It's affected by one's value, personal memories, ...

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Impact of Nutrition on the Brain

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all animals. The brain is in the head closest to the sensory organs such as vision and smell. It is responsible of controlling the nervous system which work in conjunction to guide our interactions with world around us. The function of the brain is to acquire information from the surrounding ...

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Positive Self-Affirmation on Self-Esteem

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Abstract Identifying productive ways to interact with self-esteem levels through the use of behavioral activation, and using positive self-affirmation as a way strengthen self-esteem. This study intends to determine whether self-esteem can be improved in college students to cope with other aspects of their academic lives. The study focuses on positive self-affirmation as the key component of the behavioral activation, acting as a positive ...

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Comparison of Maslow and Rogers' Theories

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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"Critically compare and contrast Maslow and Rogers accounts of the Self-Actualised/Fully Functioning Person with Positive Psychological Theories of the 'Wise Person'." Talk about the similarities and differences Self actualisation defined by Larsen and buss as a "growth based motive, a motive to develop, to flourish and become to become more and more what one is destined to become". The humanistic domain of psychology focuses on the ...

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Developmental and Social Influences upon Self-Identity

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Developmental theories of self-identity such as those Erik Erikson (1902-1994) and James Marcia (Marcia, 1966) identify stages through which individuals develop over time. Social theories of identity are founded on social constructivism (Vygotsky, 1978). They address how identity is constructed through our relations with individuals (Cooley, 1902) and groups (Jajfel & Turner, 2001). The distinction between these two approaches may be less clear than first appearances ...

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The Genetics of Identity and "Normalcy" (2001-2015)

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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This chapter chronicles the fascinating history of discovery in the study of the genetics of identity and normalcy. Key concepts covered: Race assignment of individuals does not carry any general implication about genetic differentiation. Intelligence is heritable. Sex identity is physical; gender identity is psychological. There is strong evidence that sexual orientation and social behavior are hereditary. Epigenetics is the study of changes in ...

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Memory Conformity of Autobiographical Events: an fMRI Study

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Whether privately, when we remember a past experience, or publicly, when we recall a shared memory with a friend, remembering is a functional process. The narratives of our past help us define and maintain our sense of self and meet the social demands of the community (Barnier, Sutton, Harris, & Wilson, 2008; Harris, Paterson, & Kemp, 2008). However, far from being exact replications of the ...

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Switch Cost Modulations in Bilingual Sentence Processing

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Switch cost modulations in bilingual sentence processing: evidence from shadowing Sybrine Bultena, Ton Dijkstra & Janet G. van Hell Presented by Jessica Garcia INTRODUCTION (200-400 words) This study aims to determine the cognitive costs of language switching in bilingual sentence processing. It also wants to investigate whether the cognitive cost is different depending on whether the switch is from L1 to L2 or vice versa. ...

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Introduction to Ethical Codes of Conduct

09 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Psychologists have ethical guidelines that they must follow when undertaking experiments or research and should also be followed in professional clinical practice and publishing. These rules are in place to protect anyone taking part from harm. Participants must be informed of the purpose and procedures of the experiment before giving consent and be aware that they may withdraw from the experiment at any time. A ...

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Memory Disorders and Alzheimer's

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Memory is the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information (Schacter). You can recall memories of anything that occurred in your life from the time you were able to start remember things to present time. Problems remembering things that have happened throughout your life can be caused by a psychological disorder. Memory disorders can be progressive, like Alzheimer's or Huntington's disease, or immediate, ...

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Improving Performance and Well-being in the Workplace

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Psychological research to improve performance and well-being in the workplace   The field of Psychology has continuously had an invested attention towards the advancement of wellbeing within the workplace. Occupational Psychology is predominately concerned with the performance of people at work, and with the evolving understanding of how organisations work and how individuals and groups behave in these settings. Psychological wellbeing is further distinctly acknowledged ...

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Social Implications of Medical Issues

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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My final wishes are my wishes. Please just follow them through! It shouldn't be up for debate. I understand you guys have your opinions but, this is my body and my final trip that I plan to take the way I want to take it. No hospitals, no needles, no noises just peace. Just me my family and my Lord. Good morning family, my name ...

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Human Thinking and Problem Solving

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The research on human problem solving has presented a number of strategies we can use in order to reach a solution. Present a detailed examination of these strategies alongside a critical exploration of the key barriers that may stand in the way of the individual solving a problem. Human thinking and problem solving have been a subject of research in psychology since the old ages ...

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Impact of and Treatments for Phobias

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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It is December 2nd 2005, Sophie Waller was just pronounced dead in her bed at the age of 8. Pathologist Marianne Brundle found she died of acute kidney failure because of starvation and dehydration (Salkeld, 2009). It all started when she had a dentist appointment at the age of 4 and the dentist accidentally sliced her tongue. The fear of another painful mouth experience haunted ...

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Impact of Suicide and Treatment

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Suicide can be such a very touching subject. As a lot of suicide occurs around the world, it's become a huge matter, and of course an impact to a whole lot of communities to prevent suicide. Even so, hotlines were made to save those who are in the position for self-harm, or even to speak about it. As the time continues, and more stories, and ...

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Anti-Anxiety Medication and the Brain

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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When one is bed-ridden with the flu, it only makes sense for that person to see a doctor to seek treatment. Such treatment could be in the form of medications. Much like a physical illness, the anxiety-ridden may even seek medicinal therapy. However, the underlying difference among the medications is their function and how they function. While one may answer those problems for the wide ...

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Age of Acquisition Effects in Translation Judgment -Analysis

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Ellis, A.W., & Izura, C. (2004). Age of acquisition effects in translation judgment tasks. Journal of Memory and Language, 50, 165-181 Introduction It is quite an amazing phenomenon the way that bilinguals posses the ability to translate semantic meanings back and fort between two different languages with seemingly no effort at all. In studies conducted by de Groot, it was found that translation is faster ...

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Bilingual Language Acquisition by Korean Schoolchildren

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Bilingual language acquisition by Korean schoolchildren in New York City Sarah J. Shin & Lesley Milroy Presented by: Cyndy Gomez Introduction The present study addresses to main topic of bilingual language acquisition in Korean-American children. Specifically researchers were interested in acquisition of grammatical morphemes and plural marking systems. The researchers addressed two main questions: (1) "do L1 and L2 learners acquire the grammatical features of ...

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Sexual Addiction and Paraphilias

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Sexual Addiction and Paraphilias Abstract Sexual addictions are regarded by sex-addiction professionals as a real disorders with real problems for the addict if left untreated. Most sexual addictions are non-paraphillic in nature but some sex addicts engage in paraphilic behavior. A paraphilia is a sexual act which becomes intensified when the addict engages in sexual activities with objects, situations, or even people that are considered ...

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Word Anticipation in L2 Sentence Reading

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Can Bilinguals See it Coming? Introduction This study investigates the differences in 1st language (L1) and 2nd language (L2) sentence comprehension. More specifically do the struggles in understanding L2 sentences stem from incorrect word anticipation? The current study is based on the foundation of DeLong et al. (2005) that the comprehender has the ability to understand and interpret language before it is actually presented using ...

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Journal Analysis of Affective Disorder

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Part I The Anxiety and Depression Association of America conducted a study (n.d.), claiming that seven out of ten United States adults tend to experience stress or anxiety on a moderate level daily. Even though stress is unavoidable in life, it is showing more (Blanco et al., 2008) and has become more frequent and common throughout university students (Gallagher, 2008; Mackenzie et al., 2011). ...

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Suicidal Tendency Among Adolescents with Adjustment Disorder

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The concept of adolescence committing suicide perplexes our society; parents do not understand the reason why a child filled with curiosity, and potential turn to such a final act as a solution. Terrifyingly, maybe it was an impulsive act because they do not have the emotional growth to find an productive and effective ways to handle their problems or lessen their sorrow, so suicide appears ...

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Automatic Perceptual Simulation of First Language Meanings

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Automatic perceptual simulation of first language meanings during second language sentence processing in bilinguals Nikola Vukovic, John N.WilliamsPresented by: Sarah Alas-Viana Introduction: This study's goal is determining whether the mental simulations of the brain are conscious or unconscious/automatic processes. In previous studies it was confirmed that the brain does perform mental simulations like perceptual and visual information (Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002; Horton & Rapp, 2003; ...

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Qualitative Analysis of Nigel Farage's Post-Brexit Speech

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Abstract This qualitative report uses a thematic analysis to indicate the main themes and subthemes that occur in the recent speech delivered by the United Kingdom's Independence Party (UKIP) leader, Nigel Farage, after the results of the European Union (EU) referendum came to light. A total of 14 specific codes were identified in the beginning, and were then later reorganised and grouped together into two ...

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The Effects of Research on a Psych 1 Student

07 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The first paper I read, titled "The impact of ingroup favoritism on self-esteem: A normative perspective" regards the need for positive self-esteem that people have, and the effect that ingroup favoritism has on one's self esteem. This research was conducted by Vincenzo Iacoviello, Jacques Berent, Natasha Stine Frederic, and Andrea Pereira. The researchers argue that "ingroup favoritism increases self-esteem to the extent that such behavior ...

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The Uncanny within Family and Marriages

01 Aug 2017 12 Sep 2017

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1. Introduction (2,000) 1.1 General Introduction The dissertation that follows will centre upon a critical study of the psychoanalytical concept of 'the uncanny', as articulated by Sigmund Freud. At its very definitional essence-though, in some cases, resisting constraint by definition itself, on the grounds of its self-referential, semantic amorphousness-the uncanny refers to a distintive and unsettling stangeness that arises in the context of familiarity. In ...

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Bowlby and Ainsworth's Views on Attachment Theory

23 Mar 2015 12 Sep 2017

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Keywords: attachment theory, theory of attachment, bowlby attachment Attachment is an emotional bond to another person. Psychologist John Bowlby was the first attachment theorist, describing four characteristics of attachment observed in developing children between the ages of six months and two years old. Bowlby believed that the bonds formed as a result of these observed characteristics continued throughout life, becoming a blueprint used in the development of ...

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Developing a Healthy Relationship after Abusive Relationship

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The available evidence in this review suggested that in (2003), it was projected 1.3 million females in the U. S. were targets of offensive relations (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2003; National Institute of Justice, 2005; Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000). Sources indicate that psychological health specialists play a serious part in the curative procedure after being in domestic violence relationships (Bryant, 2013). Based on ...

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Experiments on Trusting Senses

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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'The illusion of sight and sound' This report examines what aspects of psychology can provide interactive and informative ways to provide an opportunity for the public to evaluate whether they can trust their senses. Focusing on vision and the illusion created by the human mind, also auditory perception, and the co-dependence on other senses, for example sight. 1: Introduction The minute decisions we make ...

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British Muslims: Mental Health Stigma and Counselling

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Explore mental health stigma and perception of counselling amongst British Muslims. Introduction: Mental health stigma is an ongoing issue that needs to be addressed especially amongst minority groups. Statistics show that' one in four people will experience a mental health problem in the course of a year (mental health foundation 2015). The government has initiated to tackle mental health stigma that prevents people from accessing ...

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A Batak Experiment to evaluate Goal Setting Theory

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The purpose of this research was to demonstrate if there were any significant differences in performance between a goal setting group who were given a target and a control group that were told to do their best, the general hypothesis states that a goal driven group should perform much better that the group who were told to do their best. The participants were first-year psychology ...

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Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Retrospective

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), formerly known as shock therapy, is 'a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in patients to provide relief from mental disorders', Rudorfer, Henry, and Sackeim (2003). It is a treatment that has attracted sharply conflicting views since its conception and popularisation in the 1930s and 1940s by Italian neurologist Cerletti, and remains a polarising treatment to this day. Among ECT's ...

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Theories of Discrimination and Workplace Bullying

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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There are several theories concerning colorism or discrimination based on skin color (Hannon & DeFina, 2014) in the workplace that has been coupled with social and structural theories of the African American experience and or new theories of race and discrimination within the United States. At present, there is the limited body of work that provides statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific ...

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An Overview of Tourette's Syndrome

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Tourette's syndrome When you think of Tourette's what comes to mind?  Tourette's is a common disorder which may start in early childhood. This condition is characterized by physical and verbal tics (Tourette Syndrome Fact Sheet). Tourette's syndrome, also known as TS, first presented itself when a man named Georges Gilles De La Tourette wrote a paper on nine people who exhibited in voluntary motor and ...

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LOP Effect on Memory Types

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Memory and its complexity involve systematic processes intent on successfully accessing and retrieving information (Atkinson, & Shiffrin, 2016). The depth in which people process external information contributes to memory formation (Craik & Lockhart, 1972). Moreover, the capacity for people to remember acquired knowledge depends on attention level, encoding level, and rehearsal level in which the information was processed (Craik & Tulving, 1975). types of memory ...

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Impact of Stress on Rats' Spatial Learning and Memory

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Abstract Stress has been shown through varying literature to disrupt learning and memory. Exposure to stress has been identified as anything that threatens to disrupt or disturb homeostasis. When an individual is exposed to prolonged stress it can affect them cognitively, impairing their spatial learning and memory that this review looks at. Specifically, this review investigates the spatial memory of rats when exposed to chronic ...

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Emotion Recognition of Facial Expressions and Hand Gestures

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Method Participants      The five participants were chosen from friends of the interviewer. All five were female, aged between 28 and 53, with a mean age of 41 years. Two participants identified as being Maori, two as being NZ European and one identified as being European (English). Four out of five of the participants had children. Three participants had achieved academically to an ...

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Language Control in Bilinguals

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Language control in bilinguals: Intention to speak vs. execution of speech. Introduction At least 50% of the world's population is bilingual (Baker, 2011), and having proper language control to easily switch between two languages is imperative. It is understood that bilinguals have two different stores of knowledge for words, one in each language, otherwise known as a mental lexicon. Lexical concepts are necessary to express ...

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Impact of Lack of Family Cohesion on Child Adjustment

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Does a lack of family cohesion effect child adjustment depending on the level of threat the child faces in their local area? Abstract The effect of a lack of family cohesion on child adjustment was examined depending on the level of threat the child faces in their local area in Northern Ireland. This is in terms of the impact that political violence and political conflict ...

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Social Support for Subjective well-being of Prisoners

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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THE DIFFERENT ROLES OF SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING PRISONERS MEN AND WOMEN IN THE CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS CLAS II.A YOGYAKARTA Abstract In order to find a pattern form of guidance for prisoners, men and women, as mandated by Republic Act 1995, Article 14, paragraph 1 12 on the rights of prisoners, and also in accordance with the principles of the UN General Assembly Resolution ...

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Are Humans Responsible for their Own Actions?

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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The notion of human behaviour is a complex one, there are many factors that intertwine with human behaviour such as the conscious and the subconscious, the voluntary and the involuntary of our actions. The pre-determination of human behaviour is a concept that has been constantly debated. The idea that behaviour is determined in advance suggests that from birth our all our behaviours are set in ...

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Theories of Dreams in Psychology

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

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Dreaming, whether it be day-dreaming, pleasantly dreaming of something you love during the night, or nightmares, has raised questions amongst us humans for years; why do we have them? What could they mean, and do they relate to our psychological state? Scientists first began studying dreams in ancient time periods, and questions on the matter still exist today without precise, proven answers. Memory consolidation, emotional ...

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Parental Discipline and its Effects on Children

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

4 (1,379 )

A lot of children suffer from internalizing disorders which starts in childhood, which affect children later in life sometimes catastrophically and increase the risk of psychiatric morbidity (Laskey, B. J. & Cartwright, Hatton, S. 2009).There are multiple studies been published that show a correlation between the style of parenting and the process of children's internalizing (Laskey, B. J. & Cartwright, Hatton, S. 2009). The style ...

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Theories of Racism - Irish Travellers

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

11 (4,006 )

It is the intention of this paper to give a detailed account of the theories which help explain the attitudes of the settled community and the state towards travellers in Irish society today. Furthermore, it will explore relevant research to help explain theories on racism which will provide a greater understanding of why the attitudes of the general Irish settled community to travellers in Ireland ...

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Interpersonal Relationship Research "Dependence Regulation"

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

6 (2,236 )

Abstract In this paper we are going to dig into Interpersonal Relationship with us focusing on Dependence Regulation. The introduction section provides a brief overview and detail explanation about Dependence Regulation in terms of psychology and sociology. Secondly, the paper will provide a look into the background and history. Third, we will see case studies along with how it impacts cultures. Next, looking at the ...

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Impact of Poverty on Personality Development

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

12 (4,763 )

Does Poverty affect personality development from early childhood into adolescence? Eric Fromm said that ''Man's main task in life is to give birth to himself, to become what he potentially is. The most important product of his effort is his own personality'' (Fromm, 1947, p.237).Fromm believes that an individual's purpose in life to is to come fully into themselves so that they may be able ...

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Personality Traits Determining Bullying Behaviour

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

6 (2,002 )

Methodology Aim: To study the personality traits of bullying behaviour among adolescents. Objectives To assess the effect of personality traits (psychotic, extroversion) for bullying behavior. To study the correlation (psychotic, extroversion) between personality traits and bullying behavior. Hypothesis There will be a significant effect of personality traits (psychotic and extrovert) on bullying behavior among children. There will be a significant ...

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Theories of Perception

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

5 (1,900 )

What is Perception? Perception, according to Yolanda Williams, a psychology professor; can be defined as our way to recognize and interpret information we've gathered through our senses. This also includes how we respond to a certain situation with the given information (Williams). Psychology is the study of behavior and mental processes (Milnes). Perception relates to psychology because as discussed in the notes, psychology is the ...

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Ethical Code of Conduct in Psychological Research

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

2 (723 )

The Purpose of this assignment is to study various experiments and to see if and how they had broken the code of conduct in ethics. The main body of the code of conduct in ethics is as follows: Informed Consent, Confidentiality, Release of information to clients, these rules are to be used as guideline for Psychologists and Researchers to make sure that they treat the participants ...

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Theories of Intelligence

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

4 (1,223 )

People are different. Some think faster than others, some learn faster than others. Some are naturally good at art, others are naturally good at math. Some people have a hard time in social situations, and some breeze through them. What causes people to be so different? Intelligence. Intelligence determines a person's potential and how well they are able to learn. However, intelligence is not definitive ...

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Subliminal Messages in Advertising

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

4 (1,413 )

Subliminal Messages Subliminal messaging can be defined as an idea or message that is designed to be undetectable to the conscious mind and pass into a deeper level, or subconscious mind. Many subliminal messages are images that are transmitted briefly and therefore not be seen consciously, yet still find their way into the subconscious mind. These messages can be communicated through advertisements on televisions, in ...

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Language Processing of Bilinguals

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

3 (906 )

Effects of speed of word processing on semantic access: The case of bilingualism. Clara D. Martin, Albert Costa, Benjamin Dering, Noriko Hoshino, Yan Jing WuPresented by: Josh Elliott Introduction: The study investigated the phenomena in which bilinguals have consistently displayed slower language processing than monolinguals in both their second and first language. Past studies display these deficits in a large array of tasks, including ...

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Strategies for Phobia Treatment

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

3 (1,127 )

"Being frightened is an experience you can't buy." Said by Anthony Price, quoting a good example for phobias. Phobias can be defined as the fear of something or something that give high levels of anxiety to someone. There are countless ways to gain a phobia, such as getting bit by a dog or near drowning. In this essay, I will discuss a few different ways ...

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Fostering Motivation by the Help of Neuroplasticity

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

12 (4,551 )

There are two types of mindset: fixed versus growth mindset. In fixed mindset, students (people) believe that their abilities is innate and they cannot change it, therefore a failure makes them start doubting in themselves and believing they are not smart/good enough to achieve their goals. On the other hand, those who have a growth mindset believe that they can improve their abilities by learning ...

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Theories of Pattern Recognition

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

6 (2,066 )

"Humans are pattern-seeking animals and we are adept at finding patterns whether they exist or not" (adapted from Michael Shermer). Discuss knowledge questions raised by this idea in two areas of knowledge. It can be asserted that humans are highly proficient at finding patterns and building knowledge upon them. Both shared and personal knowledge is typically divided into three categories: practical knowledge, knowledge by acquaintance ...

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Hypnosis as a Form of Healthcare Treatment

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

4 (1,386 )

A brief history of hypnosis and its impact on modern-day practice This essay will look briefly at the history of hypnosis and determine whether it is an effective treatment in modern day healthcare. Hypnosis has been around in one form or another for centuries, dating back to early civilisation. Ancient Egyptians (c.380 BC) had sleep temples where patients were placed in a trance-like state and ...

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Cultural Perspectives of Health

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

11 (4,296 )

Task 1: Evaluate five resources Evaluation of a Book Love, C., & Waitoki, W. (2007). Multicultural competence in bicultural Aotearoa. In I. M. Evans, J. J. Rucklidge, & M. O'Driscoll (Eds.), Professional practice of psychology in Aotearoa New Zealand (pp. 265-280). Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Psychological Society. Authority Both authors are highly regarded within their fields and specialise with Māori culture within the ...

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Strategies to Combat Workplace Bullying

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

6 (2,061 )

Eva Gemzøe Mikkelsen, Hogh, A., & Louise, B. P. (2011). Prevention of bullying and conflicts at work. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 4(1), 84-100. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17538351111118617. The objective of the investigation is to evaluate bullying and conflicts at work since it continues to be a significant work environment stressors. Two best practice intervention measures and process factors were identified to discuss the implementation and perceived ...

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Destination Image and Subjective Well-Being Students

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

13 (4,806 )

DESTINATION IMAGE AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING STUDENTS FROM OUTSIDE YOGYAKARTA Yogyakarta is known as the city of education in addition to a tourism city. Therefore Subjective Well-Being (SWB) of the students are from outside Yogyakarta is very important to note the increase in the number of tourists visiting Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study is to answer the question of whether there is a relationship between Destination ...

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Theories of Depression

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

5 (1,649 )

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental process (Rathus 4). By looking at mood disorders in psychology we can see that major depression has affected more than 15 million American adults, about 6.7% of the U.S. population age 18 and older in the year 2016 (Anxiety and Depression Associatin of America). There are generally two types of mood disorders; depression and bipolar disorder. ...

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Effects of Hugs on Emotions

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

3 (962 )

Topic: Behavior is an observable action of human beings and nonhuman animals 'Hug' as an interactive behavior A hug is perceived as a form of physical intimacy. Many people believe that hugging is a ways of exchanging passionate feelings between each two people. People hug at night and at times in broad daylight. Hugging in the 21st century is viewed as a gesture of goodness ...

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Stimulants to Help Depressive Patients

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

8 (2,822 )

Different methods have been developed to train and improve executive function. The implications of those developments could revolutionize treatments for depressive patients in which there are executive function deficits. This paper proposes a study for patients diagnosed as having recurrent major depressive disorder to undergo counseling sessions coinciding with a stimulant or a placebo treatment group. The aim is to identify a causal linkage supporting ...

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Effect of Sleep on Academic Performance

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

20 (7,960 )

Abstract Several studies have reported that a lack of sleep will negatively affect GPA.[FW1] Many others indicated that lack of sleep would also impair cognitive functions in all aspects[FW2]. This study is designed to determine if a sleep will have an impact on academic performance as well as look for a difference between male and female performance. To test this, 100 undergraduate students ages 18-24 ...

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Stigma of Self-Harm in Healthcare Services

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

6 (2,265 )

Self-harm - a deliberate attempt to self-poison or self-injure regardless of the incentive or suicidal intent - is a growing problem in the United Kingdom with a heavy burden on health-care systems. Despite this escalating crisis, attitudes from health professionals who treat self-harmers remain negative and the quality of care is deteriorating. The myths of why people self-harm play a substantial role in health professionals' ...

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Affective Personality and Primary Emotion Systems

31 Jul 2017 12 Sep 2017

7 (2,735 )

Affect is the subjective experiential-feeling component that accompanies bodily stimulation found in physiological aspects such as: the homeostatic drive of hunger and thirst, the external stimulation of taste and touch and the emotional stimulation of environmental events. All are compound central functions of the brain, which are triggered by perceptions, becoming experientially refined. Such affective experiences are typically conceptualized in terms of: valence, such as ...

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Effect of Social Support on Heart Rate during Stressful Task

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

12 (4,461 )

Abstract Stress is always unpleasant, along with the reaction a has when faced with a threat that we feel we do not have the means to deal with. Stress can make breathing quicken, the heart pound and muscles to tense. This is well-known through past research that lack of social support contributes to a higher level of mortality and morbidity. In the past, researchers have ...

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Methodology: Impact of Stigma on Offender Employment

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

10 (3,672 )

Design An experimental design will be used in this research. This study will use a mixed design, with disclosed criminal convictions (group 1, 2, or 3) as the between subject's variable, and judgments of job applicant as the within subject's variable. The independent variable in this research will be the disclosure of criminal convictions. The dependant variables will be the attitude towards the job applicant, ...

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Socioeconomic Status of the LGBT Community in USA

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

3 (1,005 )

The socioeconomic status of the LGBT community has been the subject of some research. The LGBT minority has been impacted by a high level of discrimination in the social, economic and employment level. According to (Emlet, 2016), there is a high rate of socioeconomic disparity between members of the LGBT community, contrasting with their heterosexual peers. There is evidence that LGBT older adults are economically ...

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Rise of Anxiety Disorders in Students

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

5 (1,644 )

The aim of this essay is to discuss the growing issue that is the rise of anxiety disorders in students, following a three stage structure to discuss different areas of the topic. Firstly, I will start off with a description of what anxiety and anxiety disorders are and why it appears to be a growing problem amongst students. I will then move on to discussing ...

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Critical Review of "Chickens prefer beautiful humans"

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

6 (2,135 )

A Critical Review of "Chickens prefer beautiful humans" by Ghirlanda,Jansson, & Enquist (2002) Introduction and summary of the reviewed paper Ghirlanda, Jansson, & Enquist (2002) conducted an experiment on chicken's preferences for human faces and compared such preferences to humans' facial preferences in attempt to explain the origin of humans' sexual preferences for faces. In this study, six chickens (two males and four females) were ...

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Humanistic Theory Summary and Analysis

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

3 (1,014 )

Humanistic Theory Humanist, humanistic theory, and humanism are psychological approaches that aim to study the structure of the whole person pinpointing the various uniquenesses found in each person. The psychological approach aims to investigate and comprehend why human beings pose certain behavioral attributes in various circumstances. The theory offers an explanation of the behavioral counts of the human beings based on the unique attributes that ...

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Effects of GABA on Anxiety Disorder

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

11 (4,023 )

Keywords: Anxiety, Moringa pudding, HIV/AIDS, GABA.  Indonesia's first case of HIV was reported in 1987 and between then and 2009, 3,492 people died from the disease (Fred, 2012). Of the 11,856 cases reported in 2008, 6,962 of them were people under 30 years of age, including 55 infants under 1 year old (Seligson and Peterson, 2010). There are a high ...

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Reflective Essay on Coping with Stress

31 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

2 (779 )

Psychology can be defined as the study of behavior as well as mind, embracing all aspects of the entire human experience. In other words, it is an applied science discipline that seeks to understand humans along with groups by ascertaining general principles as well as researching specific cases. On the other hand, psychological adjustment is the process of adapting to, coping with, as well as ...

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Anti- Social Personality Disorder and Sociopathy

27 Jul 2017 11 Sep 2017

4 (1,294 )

Anti- Social Personality Disorder Intro to Psychology- Eibes Fall Term Paper Sociopath (n): "A person with a personality disorder manifesting itself in extreme antisocial attitudes and behavior and a lack of conscience." (Dictionary.com 2017). Infamous sociopaths include Ted Bundy, Herold the Great and Robert John Maudsley. 4% of the United States population suffer from a sociopathic condition according to Dr. Martha Stout. Those numbers roughly ...

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