Histological Features of Skeletal Muscle

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

4 (1,510 )

Objectives The aim of this report is to describe the basic histological features of a skeletal muscle and the differences between type I and type II skeletal muscle fibres. I will also describe the motor neuron unit and explain Henneman's size principle of recruiting motor units. Observations The basic features of skeletal muscle General Structure    The main function of skeletal muscle is to provide ...

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Vocabulary and Key Definitions in the Human Body

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

4 (1,361 )

The endocrine system works with the nervous system and circulatory system to regulate the body's activities of cells, tissues, and organs. The nervous system triggers the endocrine system to contract the specific gland and secrete a specific hormone to keep the body in homeostasis. The hormones bind to a protein to hitch a ride using the circulatory system to transport the hormones to get to ...

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Needs of the Elderly: A Case Study

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

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Introduction We live in an ageing world and Australia is not an exception. In 1901 only 4% of Australians were 65 and older, by 2016 that figure increased to 15.3% and is estimated to rise to 23% by 2041 (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2016, Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC), 2012). The United Nations (UN) principles of ageing, supported by the Australian Government, recognises the rights ...

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Introduction to Systems in the Body

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM     The function of the digestive system is to digest and absorb. The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules, which are absorbed as nutrients into the blood to be used for growth, repair and energy. The digestive system consists of several organs. The mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, liver, stomach, rectum, gallbladder, large intestines, small intestines and the ...

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Direct-Instruction Tutoring for Academic Performance

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

7 (2,440 )

Using Direct-Instruction Tutoring to Improve Academic Performance in Out-Of-Home Care Children Social Policy Proposal Differences in academic achievement is a concept greatly studied in social psychology. There exists a cornucopia of studies investigating issues surrounding the concept with relation to gender, generational, ethnic and class differences (Gil & Carvalho, 2016, Duong, Badaly, Liu, Schwartz, Mccarty, Carolyn, 2016, Stephens, Witkow & Fuligni, 2011, Hamedani & Destin, ...

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Effect of Fat: Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

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Abstract Objectives: Recent studies have indicated that excessive fat may confound assessment of diffusion in organs with high fat content, such as the liver and breast. However, the extent of this effect in the kidney, which is not considered a major fat deposition site, remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that renal fat may impact DWI parameters, and proposes a three-compartment model (TCM) to ...

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Theories of Fatigue: Football Case Study

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

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What are the key theories of fatigue, how does it develop throughout the course of a game in footballers and what are its implications on injury risk? Introduction Everyone experiences fatigue, and many of us have felt fatigue associated feelings of tiredness, lethargy and slowed reactions it in the context of sport and exercise. Fatigue represents a key limiting factor for performance in sportspeople, and ...

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Effectiveness of Reduced Carbohydrate Intake

11 Aug 2017 11 Sep 2017

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Introduction/Background The ketogenic diet proposes a reduction of carbohydrate intake, replaced with high fat. Studies convey that low carbohydrate diets promote a higher degree of short term weight loss than conventional low fat diets (Manninen, 2004). Moreover, reductions in fasting blood lipids and insulin concentrations are greater in low carbohydrate diets (Manninen, 2004). Fundamentally, the reduction in carbohydrates renders the body in an efficient metabolic ...

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Hydrotherapy for Post-Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) Patient

11 Aug 2017

3 (846 )

Hydrotherapy, in its broadest term, is the use of any one of the varying forms of water (i.e. liquid, ice or steam) to facilitate either a specific treatment, or to aid with overall health promotion (Mooventhan & Nivethitha, 2014). One systematic review (Geytenbeek, 2002) looked at some of the available literature regarding the effectiveness of various hydrotherapy treatments. The review found that the majority of ...

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Tests to Increase Anaerobic Metabolism

11 Aug 2017

5 (1,845 )

The body uses anaerobic metabolism during exercise for energy without the use of oxygen. The body uses energy anaerobically only up to the first two minutes of exercise (Plowman & Smith, 2011). The Wingate and Cunningham Faulkner test measure anaerobic metabolism in athletes. Soccer games at the professional level are approximately 90 minutes long, which requires a high amount of aerobic metabolism. However, soccer games ...

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Individual Psychology Theory of Adler

23 Mar 2015 07 Jun 2017

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Keywords: individual psychology adler, adler psychology theory ALFRED ADLER AND INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY Introduction Biography Alfred Adler was born in February 7, 1870 in the suburbs of Vienna. He was the third child and second son of a Jewish grain merchant. During his childhood, Alfred made developed rickets which limited from walking. When he was five years he nearly died from pneumonia. During this age Alfred decided ...

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Endocrine System Essay

23 Mar 2015 06 Jun 2017

5 (1,744 )

Keywords: endocrine system function, endocrine system organs The Endocrine System The body requires information in order to develop properly and maintain physiological balance. In order for the body to develop properly and maintain physiological balance it requires many different types of information. The endocrine system is one way in which these communications happen. By using hormones, organs and tissues alike contribute to the regulation of bodily ...

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The personality disorders | Analysis

23 Mar 2015 11 May 2017

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Personality or personality traits are the basis of what makes a person who they are. When expressed in a healthy way that is beneficial to a person, they are described as "an enduring pattern of our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. They are how we think, feel, make decisions, and take actions" (Barker, 1995). They are determined both by a person's genetic makeup and environmental factors and are ...

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Human sexual reproduction

23 Mar 2015 11 May 2017

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Introduction In human sexual reproduction, the males always produce sperms and the females produce ovum. Generally, the sperms and the ova are what are referred to as the gametes. These gametes contain chromosomes which are coiled threads of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of the cells. A chromosome is that which carries the hereditary information of an individual and constitutes of densely packed coiled up ...

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Sicked: The True Story of a Lost Childhood

23 Mar 2015 10 May 2017

5 (1,879 )

Sickened by Julie Gregory “Oh, God, Jewelly, you are burning up, just burning up. I better call the squad.' Grandma is serious, her face etched in worry and hovering inches from mine. Her fingers spread my eyelids apart, looking for signs that she can report to the hospital. Maybe I am feeling something in my tummy. Maybe I do have a fever. What does it feel ...

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The Skin and Sensation Physiology

03 Oct 2016 09 May 2017

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The Skin and Sensation Physiology Introduction Skin is the largest organ of our body that protects us from microbes and helps to regulate our body temperature. It contains different kinds of sensory receptors that respond to variety of stimuli: mechanical, thermal and chemical. The general receptors of the body react to touch, pressure, temperature, pain and change of the environment. The encapsulated receptors which include free ...

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Gestational diabetes: An analysis

23 Mar 2015 08 May 2017

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Gestational diabetes: consequences for fetal programming of vascular disease in adulthood List of Abbreviations AGE Advanced Glycation End Products CNS- Central Nervous System EDHF- Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarising Factor eNOS Endothelium derived Nitric Oxide ECM- Extra Cellular Matrix FFA Free Fatty Acids GAD 65- Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase GDM-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus HDL- High Density Lipoprotein HPL- Human Placental Lactogen IA-2 Insulinoma- Associated Antigen 2 ICA- Islet Cell Antibody IRS-1 Insulin ...

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Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness

23 Mar 2015 03 May 2017

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The exact cause of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is unknown. It is described as a consequence of mechanical and metabolic stress placed on skeletal muscle fibres. DOMS occurs as a result of microscopic tearing (micro trauma) of the muscle fibres and connective tissues. The extent of the tearing depends on the type of exercise and how vigorously the exercise is performed. Any new movements that a ...

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Vascular Reactivity in Hypertension

03 Oct 2016 02 May 2017

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Vascular Reactivity in Hypertension Introduction High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the most important preventable causes of morbidity and premature death in the world. The major risk factor for ischemic and myocardial infarction, heart failure, chronic renal failure, premature death, cognitive decline and hemorrhagic stroke is hypertention. Untreated hypertension is usually associated with a progressive increase of blood pressure. Vascular and kidney it can cause lead ...

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Body Shape and Gender

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

22 (8,483 )

Body Shape and Gender differences in ratings. Introduction Body image is the way people perceive themselves and equally important, the way they think others perceive them. Body image is constantly changing, and is always being modified by biological growth, trauma, or decline. It is also significantly influenced and moulded by life circumstances which bring about pain or pleasure. There are many factors that influence how people perceive ...

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Types of motivation

23 Mar 2015 21 Apr 2017

3 (980 )

Five Types of Motivation: Have you ever wondered what drives you, to want to become a better person? That feeling you get when you want to accomplish something that seems out of reach, that feeling that makes you do dumb things that you know you should not do, but do it anyway so a certain someone would like you better. That feeling that made you want to ...

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The effect of drugs on heart rate: Research experiment

08 Sep 2016 16 Mar 2017

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Keywords: daphinia, changes in heart rate, effect of drugs, pharmacology research methodology The water flea Daphnia pulex (see figure 1) is a small (1.1-3.5mm long ) crustacean commonly found in ponds in the United Kingdom. The full taxonomy of Daphnia pulux is as follows: Kingdom – Branchiopoda Phylum – Diplostraca Class – Cladocera Order – Anomopoda Family – Daphniidae Genus – Daphnia Subgenus - pulex Figure ...

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Pros and Cons of Pharmaceutical Patents

13 Sep 2016 03 Mar 2017

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Pros and Cons of Pharmaceutical Patents Considering that patents were originally designed to protect the work of an individual, and that in the pharmaceutical industry it is usually the company that hold the patent rights, what is the theoretical justification of maintaining the current system. Consider only the US market and use models that address the issue from an economic perspective This essay concerns the advantages ...

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Report on takotsubo cardiomyopathy

23 Mar 2015 22 Jun 2015

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Abstract This is a report on Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. It includes details of the left ventricle, proposed mechanisms of the disease, reasons as to why certain regions are affected and some aren't, the exact problem in detail, symptoms and clinical features including tests and ECG readings, treatment options used and prognosis, incidence and recurrence, some case reports to show the condition in its clinical setting and a conclusion ...

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Airborne infectious disease

23 Mar 2015

7 (2,575 )

Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease which is caused by bacteria belonging to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex1. There are approximately one third of the world's population are infected with tuberculosis where nine millions of new cases reported annually2. Although tuberculosis is essentially curable and preventable, it continues to cause millions of deaths every year2. When infected individual coughs, sneezes or spits, M. tuberculosis is propelled into the ...

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History of terrorism

23 Mar 2015

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Terrorist acts or the threat of such action have been in existence for centuries. Historical examples of terrorist events can be traced, in writing, to biblical times; the Romans were known to have both practiced and been the recipients of terrorist activities. (Carr, 2003). The earliest known organizations that exhibited aspects of modern terrorism were the Zealots of Judea, and the Sicarri, theand Jewish groups active during ...

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Self help support groups

23 Mar 2015

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SELF HELP SUPPORT GROUPS Self-help groups, also known as mutual help, mutual aid, or support groups, are groups of people who provide mutual support for each other. In a self-help group, the members share a common problem, often a common disease or addiction. Their mutual goal is to help each other to deal with, if possible to heal or to recover from, this problem. While Michael K. ...

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Understanding Skeletal Muscle Contraction Physiology Essay

23 Mar 2015

5 (1,602 )

Introduction Muscle contractions are a result of the buildup of tension within the muscle, and for muscles to contract, they must have a continuous supply of energy in the form of a molecule called adenosine triphosphate or ATP (Silverthorn, D.U., 2010). Through muscle contractions, we are able to run, walk, lift, push, sit, and even chew our food (Stabler, et.al, 2009). In addition to an energy requirement, ...

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Process of natural and sexual selection

23 Mar 2015

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Explain, with examples, how the process of natural selection and sexual selection are thought to have contributed to modern-day behaviour.“Evolution: The gradual process by which species develop from earlier forms” (Clegg, 2007, p 107). For thousands of years lay people have argued about how the world has evolved. For example, did it evolve from god or some other supernatural source? Evolution is a miraculous process and refers ...

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The bystander effect

23 Mar 2015

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"And of Clay We Are Created," written by Isabel Allende, explores what social psychologists refer to as the bystander effect. In the story, Azucena is a little girl who is trapped in the mud, and needs help if she is to survive. While the girl suffers and was filmed by countless reporters, no one actually comes to save her. The reporters are more concerned with filming the ...

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Angina pectoris

23 Mar 2015

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1.0 Summary Angina pectoris is the chest discomfort which occurs when the heart muscle could not received sufficient oxygenated blood. It is due to atherosclerosis which is the buildup of the plaque at the coronary arteries that reduce the flow of blood to the heart. Also, angina can leads a patient to heart disease such as coronary artery disease (CAD) or myocardial infection (MI). There are three ...

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Transport across a membrane

23 Mar 2015

3 (1,103 )

Transport across a membrane occurs by one of two opposite means, actively or passively. Active transport requires the cell to utilise cellular energy in the form of ATP, in order to employ protein pumps or engage in the activity of endo / exocytosis. Passive transport therefore occurs with no energy expenditure by the cell, where molecules exit or enter the cell using kinetic energy, or protein channels. ...

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La creatividad

23 Mar 2015

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Introduccion La creatividad es la llave que abre la puerta del desarrollo individual y colectivo, razón por la cual las naciones que han alcanzado un alto grado de desarrollo tecnológico, industrial, económico y social invierten grandes cantidades de recursos para mantenerse a la vanguardia, ya que innovar constantemente les asegura, no sólo el bienestar de sus habitantes, sino incluso la supervivencia misma. Esta necesidad de ofrecer alternativas ...

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The Physiological Demands Of Association Football

23 Mar 2015

5 (1,958 )

Association football at the elite level has developed vastly over recent years and many studies into match performance and training have been performed. It is clear that this research has enabled science to be incorporated to a greater extent into the training conducted in football. Earlier studies looked into the physiological demands of the game, by performing physiological measurements before and after the game or at half-time. ...

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The impact of self-worth on student academic performance

23 Mar 2015

38 (15,058 )

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM The Impact of Self-Worth on Student Academic Performance The conventional symbol of proficient university graduates career has been the acquisition of a ‘good' degree, underlying by specialist knowledge, transferable and marketable skills with successful outcomes measured in quantifiable terms. However, academic growth is paralleled by emotional and personal development (Knightley & Whitelock, 2007). At the personal level, better academic accomplishments are ...

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De van Mesdag kliniek

23 Mar 2015

14 (5,489 )

Beschrijving van de instelling[1] De van Mesdag kliniek is een zelfstandig forensisch psychiatrisch centrum, oftewel, een TBS-kliniek. Sinds twee jaar valt deze niet meer onder justitie. Echter, heeft de behandeling binnen deze kliniek hetzelfde doel als behandelingen binnen justitiële TBS-inrichtingen. Behandeling in een TBS kliniek is gericht op het afnemen van delictgevaarlijk gedrag, inzicht krijgen in eigen problematiek en verantwoordelijkheid nemen voor eigen gedrag. Behandelaars kennen de ...

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Classification of the human senses

23 Mar 2015

5 (1,765 )

Abstract All known human senses are of extreme importance and relevance during employee selection. In this paper, a brief depiction of each sense is presented; the importance, relevance and influence of the sense of sight and hearing in employee recruitment is addressed, specifically in correlation to the screening of cabin crew for a major international airline. Introduction A wide body aircraft flies across the large projector screen ...

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Qualitative aspect of drug action

23 Mar 2015

9 (3,245 )

Qualitative aspect of drug action - Schild plot Schild plot: Schild plot is defined as pharmacological method of receptor classification. By using schild plot dose-effect curve for an agonist is determined in the presence of various concentrations of a competitive antagonist for its receptor in the presence of agonist i.e. equilibrium dissociation constant is calculated. The experiment is carried out for series of dose ratios for ...

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Gay marriage ethics

23 Mar 2015

6 (2,370 )

Introduction The issue of civil rights for gays and lesbians, one in particular marriage; although many religious conservatives wish it would, will not go away. One of the reasons, for this is that the U.S. Supreme Court has struck down state anti-sodomy laws as unconstitutional and in light of the Michigan state Supreme Court's ruling that prohibiting marriage between same-sex couples violates their constitutional rights. Marriage ...

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Effects of pilocarpine and atropine on heart rate

23 Mar 2015

3 (854 )

Abstract Heart rate is controlled in a normal heart by the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. Pilocarpine and atropine are cholinergic drugs that affect heart rate by affecting the acetylcholine receptors. A frog heart was used to compare the effects of pilocarpine and atropine on heart rate. Pilocarpine was shown to decrease the heart rate and atropine increased heart rate. These results are consistent with how the ...

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Gene-ablation and other genetic technique

23 Mar 2015

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How has the use of gene-ablation and other genetic techniques in mice altered our approach to scientific problems in pharmacology and physiology? 280 pts (8-12 pages, 11pt Arial font, double spaced) A gene is a region of DNA that controls a discrete hereditary characteristic, usually corresponding to a single protein or RNA1. Most scientists are interested in determining how genes, and the proteins they encode, function in ...

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The act of labeling people with mental illness

23 Mar 2015

3 (1,085 )

Human begins have been labeling people since the beginning of time. It is human nature to put labels on people in an attempt to better understand someone. People us labeling for example when they see a group of people wearing the same clothing and listening to the same music, and this is roughly the same concept used to help psychologist know what is happening to a patient. ...

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