Economic Performance of Kolhapur Division of MSRTC

01 Feb 2018

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Introduction An attempt is made in this Chapter to analyses the economic performance of MSRTC in Kolhapur division based on selected indicators. The entire division is divided into twelve depots, viz. Kolhapur, Sambhaji Nagar, Gadhinglaj, Ichalkaranji, Gadhingla, Ichalkaranji, Gargoti, Malkapur, Chandgad, Kurundwad, Kagal, Radhanagri, Gaganbawada and Ajra. The activities of the MSRTC are governed by the corporate objectives set by the RTC Act. 1950. The main ...

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Theory of Absolute Advantage | Analysis

01 Feb 2018

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Introduction In response to the mercantilism system which dominated economics thought in the 18 century, Adam Smith introduce and gives extension discussion of absolute advantage theory in international trade and illustrate what to do if countries do not stick to the rule and maxim of international trade in An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Adam Smith prove wrong the belief ...

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Effect of Discounting on Climate Change

01 Feb 2018

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Introduction Climate change can be termed as the single largest problem that we as a humanity are facing at present. Since the 1960’s- when for the first time the perils of greenhouse gas emissions on climate were reported- the gravity associated with demand for action on climate change has only been increasing.Though the impacts of climate change are already being felt in terms of increased frequency ...

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Slutsky Equation and Negative Elasticity of Labor Supply

01 Feb 2018

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Slutsky Equation and Negative Elasticity of Labor Supply: behavioral bias or optimal consumption-leisure choice? Sergey Malakhov   Abstract One of the applications of the prospect theory is the behavioral phenomenon of the negative elasticity of the individual labor supply. This paper argues that the negative elasticity of labor supply can be understood better with the help of the interpretation of the Slutsky equation with regard ...

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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Bosnia and Herzegovina

01 Feb 2018

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Merjema Aletic Introduction The very definition of Foreign direct investment is controlling ownership in a bussiness enterprise in one country by an entity based in another country. The collapse of the former Yugoslav Federation, Croatia and Slovenia declared independence in 1991 while paramilitary origins from Serbia occupied several Bosnia and Herzegovina towns killing civil Bosniaks and Croat. In this clash of ethnic ...

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Overview of the Malthus-Ricardo Debate

01 Feb 2018

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The world known controversy between the Malthus and Ricardo has long been considered as a source of history for economic thought. But no one try to investigate this as a polemical dialogical exchange (Glyn, 2006). The present study is undertaken to fill this gap within the framework of a more ambitious project that places controversies at the center of an account of the history of ideas, ...

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Financial System and Formal Credit Services in Vietnam

01 Feb 2018

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An overview of the Vietnamese financial system Over a 4-year period from 1988 to 1992, the Vietnamese government have initiated a wide ranges of economic reforms in order to enhance the transition itself from a centrally-planned to a market-oriented economy. Along with the implementation of state enterprise reforms and external trade liberalization, the Vietnamese government have promoted a huge number of banking sector reforms, which has ...

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Household Consumption Analysis in Rawalpindi

01 Feb 2018

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Imran Ejaz   1. Introduction: Consumption and production generate economic activities in an economy. Consumption and production go side by side. Consumption creates demand for further production of goods and services. It is not wrong to say that if there is no consumption there is no economic activity in the country. Only the final purchase of goods and services is known as consumption, and ...

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Attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Africa

01 Feb 2018

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The developing economies of Africa must on their part make deliberate and sustained efforts to attract the much needed inflows of foreign investments. To achieve this, the enabling economic, financial and political environment for such inflows must be created. An economy that is exposed to higher levels of political instability, economic uncertainties and financial risk will not be able to gain the confidence of investors. These ...

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Book Review: A Field of One’s Own: Gender and Land Rights

01 Feb 2018

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Book review of A FIELD OF ONE’S OWN: GENDER AND LAND RIGHTS IN SOUTH ASIA by BINA AGARWAL (Cambridge South Asian Studies, 1994) This book is first of its kind. It is the first major study of gender and land rights of woman in the region. This book aims to tackle various gender bias arguments that are put forward by patriarchal society for not giving women ...

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Analysis of Inequality Reexamined by Amartya Sen

01 Feb 2018

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Harshal Bhoi Book: Inequality Reexamined Author: Amartya Sen The claims of equality in social arrangements are tested in Inequality Reexamined. Amartya Sen begins by identifying a common characteristic of virtually all the contemporary moral approaches to social arrangement. Amartya Sen studies thoroughly what equality and inequality are in different circumstances. The basic issue that divides the different approaches is not ‘whether equality’ but ‘equality ...

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Comparison of Conventional and Islamic Bank Structures

01 Feb 2018

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Section 1: Conventional Bank ROA Ratio has been decrease from 2007 to 2009 because the bank has decrease on net profit. After that the ratio has been increase from 2009 to 2011. In ROA it means each $1 invested in assets get $0.0184 profit. ROE ratio has decrease from 2008 to 2010 by 2.73% because the bank has decrease on net profit. After that the bank’s ...

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Economic Changes to the Welfare State

01 Feb 2018

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Write a 2000 words essay describing the economic aftermath of the Welfare state in the last century I. Introduction A welfare state is broadly defined as a state in which the government/the public sector undertakes key roles in the production and distribution of economic activities with the objective of protecting and promoting the economic and social well-being of its citizens. A welfare state is essentially a ...

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Causes and Effects of Inflation in India

01 Feb 2018

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Introduction Inflation is defined as the constant rise in the price of a particular goods and services over a period of time. When the level of prices increases, each unit of currency can purchase lesser goods and services making the purchasing power will decrease. There are two types of inflation in this world including the positive inflation and negative inflation. A negative inflation will increase the ...

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Economic Analysis of Nepal

01 Feb 2018

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 ackground of the study Nepal is a small landlocked country situated between China and India (area 147,181 square kilometers) with three primary ecological zones (Terai, Hilly and Mountain). The Terai region is the bread basket region of the country, but it is densely populated. The lower part of the Hilly region has climatic advantages for growing fruits and vegetables, and the higher ...

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Management Control, Employment Equity and Skills Development

31 Jan 2018

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Gabriella Greyling Management Control, Employment Equity, Skills Development Table of Contents (Jump to) Introduction Background Understanding the Scorecard Compliance of the Advertising Industry in Cape Town Conclusion Bibliography Introduction In the case study, Duffett, van der Heever & Bell argue that transformation within the advertising industry is vital due to the influence this sector has over social norms and trends (Duffett, van der Heever & Bell, ...

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Financial Capacity Enhancement of Indian Railways

31 Jan 2018

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The second chapter Physical and financial capacity enhancement/ capacity building of Indian railways over years To analyze how the physical capacity of Indian railways has enhanced over years. To examine financial capacity enhancement of Indian railways over years In our research we have considered two types of Capacity enhancements one is physical capacity and another one is financial capacity. Capacity enhancement has been defined ...

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Comparison of Economic Systems: Germany and the UAE

31 Jan 2018

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Introduction “Economy is the state of a country or region in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services, and the supply of money”(Oxford Dictionaries 2012). Before profound studying about the mentioned countries one important aspect should be taken into consideration the similarity between these two countries is their critical role in their region, both of those countries has a significant influence on the ...

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Trends of the Coffee Sector in Ethiopia

31 Jan 2018

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Coffee is the most important commercial crop-plant and favorite drink in the world. Next to oil, coffee is the second important and valued global commodity. It is estimated that around 20 million coffee producing households worldwide and nearly 100 million persons used coffee as a means of income for their living. The export value of the crop is enormous (US $15.4 billion in 2009/10). The genus ...

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Prices of Petrol and Diesel in Malaysia

31 Jan 2018

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1.0 Introduction Microeconomics is a branch of economic analysis that are deals with human behavior and the choices of the small units in economics. It is firms in undertakes to understand the decision-making process of firms and households. It is also concerned with the interaction between sellers and individual buyers and all the factors that had influence the choices that are made by buyers and sellers. ...

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Options for Achieving Universal Electricity Access

31 Jan 2018

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PART I: INTRODUCTION Background of Study The importance of modern energy services in promoting socio-economic development has been extensively documented in the literature (Kaygusuz 2011), (Kanagawa and Nakata 2007) (Kanagawa and Nakata 2008). Access to modern energy services is closely related to other indicators of a descent standard of living in the 21st century, namely, availability of portable drinking water, literacy, health services, child ...

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Case Study on Industrial and Commercial Bank of China

31 Jan 2018

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Abstract International fund raising used to be the domain of multinational companies. MNCs not only source raw material across the world or sell products at many geographical regions, they also scouting for capital all over the world and raise capital where it is cheaper. Investors’ appetite for foreign company shares have also increased manifold and internationalization of equity market across globe is happening at a faster ...

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Impact of Restrictions of Meat Imports

31 Jan 2018

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Analysis of the impact if Iceland’s government would decrease import restrictions on fresh meat on Icelandic consumers and producers of meat Abstract – Foreign trade is always increasing and all governments around the world try to protect some of their core domestic industries by applying various of restrictions to keep import at a minimum. Importation of fresh meat to Iceland is prohibited but forces with in ...

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What Causes Economic Growth? Institutions or Human Capital?

31 Jan 2018

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Sybren Dijkstra, Catello Alvino Growth, Institutions and Business Rijksuniversiteit Groningen   Introduction An increasing amount of empirical research has been focused on measuring and approximating the effects of historical variables on the economies of today. There seems to be a chicken or the egg story in the literature: Do political institutions cause economic growth or does economic growth, ...

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Difference in Causal Relationship Between Exports and Trade

31 Jan 2018

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4 Methodology 4.1. Empirical Strategy The primary objective of this paper is to determine whether there is a main difference in the causal relationship between exports and trade finance among two groups of countries classified based on their financial systems; bank-based and market-based. As outlined in the literature review section, there are contradicting empirical and theoretical evidence on the impact of trade finance on exports and ...

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Limitation of GDP in Evaluating the Economic Welfare

31 Jan 2018

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Introduction There are various different indicators used by the economists to measure the development of the economy and GDP should be the one most commonly used in practice. It could reflect the quantitative changes of the economic development, but its qualities. The limitation of GDP in this area prevents it from measuring the economic welfare people get. This essay will discuss how GDP is calculated and ...

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Overview and Analysis of Abenomics

31 Jan 2018

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Introduction Japan's fares rate a month ago at the quickest yearly rate in more than two years. The weaker yen additionally helped the vitality overwhelming import bill, despite the fact that the rose 10 for every penny from a year prior, economists said the net impact of the yen's retreat stayed positive, in light of the fact that higher fare incomes decipher into higher exporter income ...

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Analysis of Optimal Economic Uncertainty Index

31 Jan 2018

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction Economic uncertainty states about the uncertain of future economic events. This means we cannot foresee what will happen to the country’s economic in the future and this is why this research is been investigate. There are many situations which caused the uncertainty to happen such as the changes in economic and financial policies, various views about the growth prospects, the productivity movements, ...

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Effect of Market Structures on Businesses

31 Jan 2018

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Market Structure Introduction There are diverse categorizations of markets and the structure of a business which denotes in which categorization it will descend into. Markets are separated as per to the business what it offers to the precise market. Structure of Business is established by the composition of market characteristics, and these aids to establish level and region of competition. The features in a market with ...

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Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in India

31 Jan 2018

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Alok Tyagi   QUESTION Discuss the significance of foreign direct investment for a developing country like India? Why India has failed to attract more FDI despite being a democratic country? WHAT IS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT? MEANING: These three letters stand for direct investment. The simplest explanation of FDI would be a direct investment by a corporation in a commercial venture in another country. A ...

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Effect of School Expenditures on Education Results

31 Jan 2018

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Education Policy Analysis Maya Boyle   Mike Robinson     Introduction Background For the past 50 years, SAT scores for high schools across the nation have been steadily falling. Because the SAT is a fairly consistent method of testing the academic aptitude of high-school age children, this trend is concerning. As it stands, by the standards of the College Board, high school academics are preparing students ...

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Issues of Adverse and Moral Selection

31 Jan 2018

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MUKHTAR MUHAMMAD AHMAD DISTINGUISH BETWEEN ADVERSE AND MORAL SELECTION, AND HOW A FIRM MIGHT OVERCOME EACH PROBLEM. Adverse selection can be said as the process that occurs when seller valued goods more highly than the buyer does, because the seller has the full information and understanding about the good. Due to this information known by the seller, the seller is unwilling to part with ...

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Effect of Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) on Labor Supply

31 Jan 2018

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Michael Lederman How does the EITC affect labor supply? The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) provides a tax credit for those who qualify with positive earnings, low income, and minimal capital gains. It is more so directed at working families, whether it is 2 parents or a single mother. It is intended to push more people into the work force, especially low-income women. In ...

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Marketing Sustainable Operation and Development

31 Jan 2018

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Zhang Xia Field of Research This research will be carried out in the field of marketing, economic, and theme restaurant. Topic of Research The topic of this proposed dissertation is titled: The Marketing Sustainable Operation and development of Theme Restaurant in China Brief Literature Review of the Topic Along with the increasing requirements of customers on dining experiences, theme restaurants have become a trend ...

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Comparison of South Africa and the UK

31 Jan 2018

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Introduction: Background of South Africa: Religions: Christians: 79.8%, Pentecostal: 8.2%, Roman Catholic: 7.1%, Methodist: 6.8%, NGK: 6.7%, Zion Christian: 11.1%, Anglican: 3.8%, Unaffiliated: 15.1%, Muslims: 1.5%, Hindu: 1.2%, African: 3.8% Culture: Westernized culture. Traditional culture has decreased; this means South Africa has similar lifestyles to those in Western Europe, North America and Australasia. Languages: Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, ...

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Approaches to Financial Crisis Management

31 Jan 2018

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LITERATURE REVIEW The following Literature review starts with past studies and researches based on the crisis in general. Different types of crisis are referred and what kind of effects do they cause to businesses and people. Additionally are past studies on management strategies in period of recession and what does a business has to follow, not only old businesses but also new. Furthermore we focus on ...

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Overview and Analysis of Malaysia's Economy

31 Jan 2018

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The Global Enterprise Introduction Malaysia is a developing nation with a population of 30 million and currently classified in the upper middle income category. It is situated in the South East Asia Region and is part of the Association of South East Asian Nation; which also comprises of countries such as Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, as well as Thailand and Vietnam (ASEAN, 2014). ...

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Theories on Dealing with a Global Recession

31 Jan 2018

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LCB/2356 Explain the predictions that the OECD have made concerning the US economy, making sure that you define the terms “Budget Deficit” and “Debt” in your solution. A budget deficit is when the nations is spending more then their revenue received. This would mean that expenditure exceeds tax revenue resulting to a budget deficit. The term “Budget Deficit” is usually used to refer the ...

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Proposal: Causes of corporate failures

30 Jan 2018

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Introduction The issue of corporate failures (CF) became prominent yet again, following the financial crisis of 2007-2008, caused primarily by risky-investments made in the belief of a continuous appreciation in home-values, due to decades of low-interest rates & the era of light-touch regulation[1] [Deregulation & free-markets]. Furthermore, the collapse of Lehman-Brothers; a large investment bank, brought the issue of corporate failures to the fore ...

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Seeking Economic Growth with Long Run Interest

30 Jan 2018

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Pursuit of economic growth For any country, in order to develop it is essential that it has to produce many goods and services. Economic growth is the main target that every country is aiming for. However, the road for the growth of economics for any country has its gains and problems. This essay will examine the advantages and the disadvantages of pursuing the economic growth in ...

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Questions and Answers on Managerial Economics

30 Jan 2018

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Introduction This assignment is about the different prospective of managerial economics. In which opportunity cost, a person can avail that cost by using the same resources. Choosing margin helps people to get a little better thing then the other available options as it normally ignore the sunk cost. Apple company is one of the leading organization that introduce the app store available in iTunes is vibrant, ...

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Government Tax Implementation: Goods and Services Tax (GST)

30 Jan 2018

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GOVERNMENT TAX IMPLEMENTATION: GOODS AND SERVICES TAX (GST) INTRODUCTION The GST was announced by Prime Minister Dato Seri Najib Tun Razak on 25th October 2013 and the implementation is set to be effective on 1st April 2015 at 6% rate. The GST was believed will swell government coffer for another 30% extra. Second Finance Minister, Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah told during Dewan Rakyat session (2013) that the ...

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Impacts on Market Structures

30 Jan 2018

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Market Structure La’Toni Rice   Market structure, as it relates to economics has concerns. Our Market Structure is made of many different budgetary elements and variables, for example, the merchant, the purchaser, the value, item the presence of rivalry and the level thereof or the complete nonattendance. In light of the different stages and consolidations of the interrelationship of these variables, there are exactly ...

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The Nature and Basis of Economic Growth

30 Jan 2018

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Mahnoor Hussain Sadia Gondal Suha Qasim Memon SZABIST Before the Second World War, the idea of development was influenced by principles of free market economy. In the middle third of the twentieth century, the phenomenon prevailed that the main responsibility of the economic development depends on the government of the country. So accordingly, if a particular country is economically backward or underdeveloped, then the ...

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Effects of Shared ATM Networks on Efficiency -Turkish Banks

30 Jan 2018

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The effects of shared ATM networks on the efficiency of Turkish banks H. Evren Damar This study investigates whether forming shared ATM networks has yielded positive benefits for banks in Turkey by increasing their productive efficiency. The performance of the banking sectors of developing countries has recently become a topic of interest in the literature. Most of this attention has been focused on ...

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Methods to Evaluate Non Tariff Measures on Trade

30 Jan 2018

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Non-tariff measures are difficult to quantify as Tariff levels are published in tariff schedules, and these can be large, cumbersome and difficult to read. Non-tariff measures are politically sensitive and this may arise from the lobby activity of vested interests. Measures that are difficult to compute may also be less transparent, which helps to prevent public discussion. Several techniques may be used to evaluate the effect ...

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Rise and Failure of Monetarism in the 1980s

26 Jan 2018

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Expand and Explain the Rise and Failure of Monetarism during the 1980s Monetarism, as an economic and political policy in the United Kingdom, (Hereafter UK) can be seen to have come to the fore in the late 1970s with the election of Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative Party. The government’s brief experimentation with the concept was arguably over by 1982. However, the rise and failure of monetarism cannot ...

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Evaluating Public Interventions that Impact Market Prices

26 Jan 2018

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What measurement tools can we use to evaluate public interventions that affect market prices? How might these be used to explain the concept of transfer efficiency? (9 Marks) (a) To justify public intervention it is necessary to identify the market failure that the intervention is expected to correct. Public goods; externalities; competition failures; asymmetric information; and missing markets can all be contributing reasons why the private ...

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US Justice Department's Case Against Microsoft

26 Jan 2018

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Explain how economic theories and evidence can help in understanding the US Justice Department's recent case against Microsoft, and in Microsoft's defense against the accusations. The continuing legal case against Microsoft began initially in September 1996 when the Department of Justice claimed that Microsoft forced computer makers to take Internet Explorer. By January 1997, Microsoft controlled 85% of the operating systems market. By August 1997 Microsoft ...

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Effect of the Financial Crisis on House Prices

26 Jan 2018

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Financial Crises. Analysis of House prises in London and Almaty and how world financial crises affected Kazakhstan's economy. The subprime market crisis that hit the financial markets in the summer of 2007 caused a series of negative market reactions on a global scale. The tightly entwined nature of world financial markets represents a global loop whereby occurrences in one market have implications in and for others. This factor ...

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Effect of Currency Exchange Rate on Aggregate Demand Shocks

26 Jan 2018

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The exchange rate helps insulate the economy from aggregate demand shocks but it may need unsettlingly large changes to do so. This paper will examine the extent to which the exchange rate of a currency can be used to insulate an economy from aggregate demand shocks. First, it will define aggregate demand. Second, it will look at the monetary implications of the aggregate demand curve. Thirdly ...

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Effects of Raising Interest Rates on Inflation

26 Jan 2018

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What causes inflation? How is inflation bad for the economy? How can raising interest rate lower inflation? (1000) Introduction Inflation is defined as continuing rise in the general level of prices, such that it costs more to purchase a typical bundle of goods and services that is produced or consumed or both. In simple words, inflation leads to a decline in the real value of money. ...

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The Role of the Entrepreneur in Economics

26 Jan 2018

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Introduction Whilst entrepreneurship has existed for centuries and has contributed greatly to the foundation of Anglo-American business development and growth, its serious academic study is of more recent origin. The major reason behind this aberration possibly lies within the tenets of traditional microeconomic theory, which connects success and failure to essentially material causes and leaves little space for an essentially subjective and unquantifiable phenomenon like entrepreneurship. ...

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The Great Depression: Causes and Effects

26 Jan 2018

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It has been observed that the modern world has never experienced an economic crisis as severe as the `Great Depression'. The term was first coined in the United States to describe the economic collapse that, by 1931, had shattered the US economy and Americans' faith in the future. Europe and the rest of the world were also badly hit, and while they first called the crisis ...

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Rise of the Asian Tigers in the 1980s: Causes and Effects

26 Jan 2018

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Examine the rise of the so-called Asian Tigers in the 1980s and its importance for regional economic development. Focus on one or two countries. The following will thoroughly examine the rise of the so-called Asian Tigers in the 1980s, and its importance for the advancing of regional economic development within the Southeast region of Asia. The countries included within the term Asian Tiger had generally been ...

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Analysis of Vietnam's Economy

26 Jan 2018

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Table of contents (Jump to) 1. Introduction 2. Why Vietnam – An overview 3. Theoretical literatures 3.1. Macroeconomic principles 3.2. Microeconomic principles 4. The level of unemployment and employment 4.1. Before the national reform – The beginning of the 1990s’ 4.2. After the national reform 5. Skills needed and skills gaps 5.1. Disadvantages 5.1.1. Low IT skill availability 5.1.2. Low English proficiency level 5.2. Advantages 5.2.1. ...

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Valuation of Companies: Strategies and Theories

26 Jan 2018

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Part A The valuation of company assets depends a varies a great deal; attempts to find theoretical models that cover all of the aspects of a business valuation has proven difficult; as such, many of the major valuation theories have been proven to have both specific strengths and weaknesses. One of the core difficulties inherent to the great majority of theories available is the reliance on ...

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Causes and Impacts of Inflation on Developing Countries

26 Jan 2018

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Introduction Economic development in low developed countries is a contested argument amongst economists, all of which are looking for the best way to enact economic growth. The discussion surrounds whether stable monetary policy will encourage economic development by encouraging foreign direct investment or will currency depreciation and inflation create the right environment for exports growth and thus economic growth? This essay will discuss the causes of ...

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Effect of Alliances and Rivalries on the Economy

26 Jan 2018

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Modern World Economy Alliances and rivalries Introduction Historically, we dwelt in a structured “…competitive world of rivalry between states, [where] each has had to look to its own ends and use any means available to satisfy them.” (P.J. Taylor, 2002) (Bracket’s added). However, since the end of the Cold War, this position changed significantly. In his third foreign policy speech, delivered in Georgetown, USA, Tony Blair ...

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Analysis of the Business Cycle in the Economy

26 Jan 2018

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One of the most difficult subjects in economics in the business cycle or the pattern of contraction and expansion seen in the overall economy, this is a major factor that will effect the profit and sales performance of all companies to an extent. On average business productivity in EC has expanded at a rate of 3% per year in terms of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP). ...

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Analysis of Japan's Economic Structure

26 Jan 2018

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The Japanese economic structure has always been perceived to be both stable and reliable. Despite periods of difficulty, the rules and regulation surrounding the Japanese banking industry have always attempted to deal with any potential problems and to manage them both on an international and national level. However, there is an argument that the stringent nature of the regulation in itself has caused some problems for ...

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Theory of Economics in the Film Industry

26 Jan 2018

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Introduction In this essay I shall examine the theory of economics within the film industry and how it contributes to the production and distribution of mainstream Hollywood films. For the purposes of this essay I shall be researching and commenting solely upon Hollywood productions. My research will include an examination of different theories that investigate and explain how economics shape the way that film is stripped ...

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An Evaluation of Globalisation from Two Perspectives

26 Jan 2018

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Evaluation of Globalisation from Two Perspectives. As an Emotive Force, in Being Beneficial and a Key to Future World Economic Development as well as Being Inevitable and Irreversible. And as a Force that Increases Inequality Within and Between Nations, Threatens Employment and Living Standards and Thwarts Social Progress   Introduction Globalisation as a word is that utilized in differing contexts within the public lexicon. It is one of ...

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Third World Debt: Causes and Solutions

26 Jan 2018

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Brief: 191234 Title: Third World Debt: Africa A detailed analysis of the third world debt problem in Africa, focusing on the problems, causes, and possible solutions to alleviating third world debt in Africa. INTRODUCTION Developing economies in Africa are facing a tough time. They are obliged to make principal repayments and interest on the external loans accumulated over the decades when they should have been spending ...

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Is Democracy Compatible with Liberal Markets?

26 Jan 2018

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“Is democracy compatible with liberal markets?” Part I: Introduction: This paper seeks to explore if there is a possibility of coexistence between democracy and liberal markets. This paper argues that these two are compatible; the pillar on which this argument is built is that the two concepts are inseparable because they share the common heritage of being able to flourish under conditions of freedom.[1] Because of ...

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Commodity Price Movements in the Twenty first Century

26 Jan 2018

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Commodity Super Cycles and Bubbles Sharp movement in commodity prices, especially of oil, and some base metals like copper, since the turn of the century, have attracted enormous international attention and debate. The price of oil, which shot up from the sedate levels of approximately twenty-eight USD per barrel, a few years ago, to the high seventies, in 2006, sent ripples through the economies of advanced ...

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Calculating Year-On-Year Growth of GDP

26 Jan 2018

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Introduction The model which is to be developed is real GDP in the UK. From such a series of real values, it is straightforward to calculate year-on-year growth of GDP. Selection of variables To model GDP, key factors identified by Easton (2004) include labour costs, savings ratio, taxation issues, inflation and terms of trade. However, many of these variables are not available for the required 40 ...

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How To Write An Economics Essay

26 Jan 2018

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INTRODUCTION Writing on any essay topic can be a daunting task. Like most English compositions, an essay has a beginning, middle and an end. It is the way in which most students are taught to think about essay writing, starting with the thesis statement and then building an argument for or against the statement. Let’s face facts, not all students are born writers and struggle with ...

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Effect of State Control and High Taxes on Economic Growth

26 Jan 2018

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Theories pertaining to economic development, with particular regard to those suitable for developing countries, have changed significantly during the post Second World War era. These changes have affected the progress of developing economies, which, in this period, have grown with varying degrees of success; marked with notable successes and enormous failures. The formulation of economic policy for a country necessarily needs to deal with numerous issues, ...

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Regression Analysis for the Netherlands

26 Jan 2018

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TABLE OF FIGURES AND GRAPHS Table 1: Coefficients of estimated OLS model Table 2: Analysis of Variance and F-statistic Table 3: Paired t-sample tests Table 4: Analysis of Variance for pre structural break (b,c) Table 5: Analysis of Variance for post structural break (b,c) Table 6: Analysis of Variance and F-statistic Table 7: Pearson’s Correlations Graph 1: Scatterplot with best fit line Graph 2: Simple scatterplot ...

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Effect of Foreign Direct Investment in the Retailing Sector

26 Jan 2018

22 (8,596 )

The effect of foreign direct investment in the retailing sector on the economy of Russia Abstract Following the dramatic, although sometime erratic growth of the retail sector in Russia, this paper provides an insight into the growth of this sector of the Russian economy, particularly concentrating upon the impact of foreign direct investment. As part of this process the research studies the potential benefits that are available ...

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Effects of Macroeconomic Policies upon a Single Organization

26 Jan 2018

3 (1,126 )

Understanding the Tree by Knowing the Forest The analogy of the forest and the trees is particularly apt in illustrating the difference between macro- and micro-economic areas of concern. Whereas microeconomics ‘operates’ at the level of the individual firm, manufacturer or even individual consumers, macroeconomics is principally concerned with the national or even global aggregate issues of these entities. In other words, if single firm is ...

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What Gives a Region a Large-Scale Competitive Advantage?

26 Jan 2018

7 (2,674 )

The paper titled ‘The Limits of Autarky’, written by AnnaLee Saxenian (1994)[1], considers the issues surrounding clusters of industries specifically those seen in Silicon Valley and on Route 128. By studying the two areas the author aims to discover why one region can be considerably more successful than another, despite having the same mix of technologies. It has long been recognised that there is competitive advantage ...

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Impact of Government Expenditures on Private Consumption

26 Jan 2018

3 (1,139 )

Discuss the implications of a rise in government expenditures on private consumption behaviour. Introduction The following paper will analyse the impact that government expenditure has on the household’s consumption behaviour. Prior to starting the discussion it is imperative to highlight that government expenditure is either in the form of building roads, railways etc. or by changing the level of taxes charged to the individuals in ...

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Impact of House Prices on the UK Economy

26 Jan 2018

5 (1,755 )

What happens to house prices is perceived as being very important for the wider UK economy (at the moment the concern is that they may fall sharply). Consider to what extent house prices are important for the UK economy and how the government (or Bank of England) should respond to a sharp fall in house prices. Introduction The health of the residential property market is seen ...

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The Maintainability of the Current Financial Market

26 Jan 2018

13 (4,870 )

Introduction To argue that we are not currently in the midst of a global financial crisis is simply on maintainable, given the saturation that the issue has had in the mainstream media. There is no secret that there is a global liquidity shortage in the financial sector, mortgage assets declining in value and subsequently limiting the ability of financial institutions service their lending and interest payment ...

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What are the Impacts of the UK Recession?

26 Jan 2018

3 (1,072 )

The UK economy is in recession. What does this mean for everyone? As the economic forecast for the UK grows increasingly gloomy, it seems the recession that was once described as “looming” or “forthcoming” is now being qualified as “current” and “present”. Commonly associated with increased unemployment, lower inflation and slumped housing markets, a recession does not only represent a thorn in the flesh of the ...

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Impact of Capitalism on Global Development

26 Jan 2018

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Is geographically uneven development an inevitable outcome of capitalism? Harris (2006, p. 2) claims that in ‘examining the general character of the process of capitalist development as it has appeared historically across many different countries over a long period of time, one of its most striking characteristics is the phenomenon of uneven development.’ However we choose to define the terms ‘development’ and ‘capitalism’, it is undeniable ...

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Impact of the Credit Crunch on the Workplace and Politics

26 Jan 2018

10 (3,779 )

Social World Economy and UK Government Employers, Employees and the Unions Conclusions Bibliography The credit crunch in 2008 is swiftly being followed by an imminent global recession, perhaps the worst recession for many decades. Irresponsible lending, mis-management by the banks, the pay freezes in industry and the general economic climate means that we can no longer take for granted our jobs, homes and financial security. In ...

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Impact of Privatisation without Effective Regulation

26 Jan 2018

14 (5,359 )

Discuss the view: Privatisation without effective regulation is unlikely to bring significant benefits to developing countries. Despite its abundance around the world, and the apparent high esteem that governments hold it in, regulation is no longer seen as the panacea it once was. Regulation must not be over used. Put simply, regulation provides benefits but also incurs costs. Regarding the benefits, Garg and Karba, quoted in ...

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Analysis of the Housing Market in the UK

26 Jan 2018

26 (10,056 )

Introduction For most people in the UK, as in other countries, the purchase of a house is the single largest expenditure they ever make. In contrast with other purchases, a house is not only something that provides highly desirable services – convenient and independent housing – but it is also the single largest element of household wealth. For homeowners, this asset motive for buying a house ...

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Questions and Answers on Economics and Market Strategies

26 Jan 2018

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What are the main features of an oligopolistic market? With the aid of examples, show collusion between firms in such markets may be determent to consumers and explain briefly what governments can do to control the worst abuses of such a situation. An oligopolistic market is characterised by a few organisations in competition with each other to supply goods to a market. Their strength ...

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Impact of Economic Competitiveness on Wages

26 Jan 2018

6 (2,335 )

'The growth of low wage jobs is inevitable as national governments seek to promote economic competitiveness.' Discuss. Introduction This essay discusses the hypothesis that governmental policies aimed at improving a nation’s relative performance in the global economy must lead to an increase in the low paid jobs. If considered in a global context the subject covers a wide spectrum. So the essay considers ...

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Issues of State Intervention in the Market Economy

26 Jan 2018

6 (2,144 )

Free Market Economy The free market economy is designed to operate with a minimum of state intervention. However, as this paper will show, there are certain issues that can only be addressed by state intervention. These include avoidance of unfair trading, employee and supplier exploitation. In many cases, such as the expansion of the power of supermarkets, economists are of the opinion that the state does ...

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Systematized Integration of Credit Reference Agencies

26 Jan 2018

16 (6,315 )

Table of Contents (Jump to) Abstract Introduction The Problem Case Studies/Examples Nigeria Tanzania Kenya Uganda Solutions/Synthesis Conclusion With unprecedented growth and an increasingly competitive global community on the horizon, Africa’s economic revolution is intimately linked to their fiscal capabilities. It is within this broad spectrum of economic expansion that businesses and individuals are directly linked to their capacity to borrow and reinvest capital into sustainable endeavors. ...

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Evolutionary Approaches to Economic Change

26 Jan 2018

6 (2,360 )

What is the evolutionary approach to economic change? How does it compare with conventional approach in mainstream economics? Introduction The changes in the economic process brought about by innovation, together with all their effects, and the response to them by the economic system, we shall designate by the term Economic Evolution”, - Schumpeter (1939).[1] The above description of economic evolution by Schumpeter aptly illustrates the picture ...

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Causes of and Challenges to China's Economic Expansion

26 Jan 2018

7 (2,403 )

As the world adjusts its vision from the Beijing Olympics to a growing Chinese population, the underlying whispers resound with imperialist fears and economic worry. Researchers continue to bolster China’s position as the next superpower, yet remain limited by supposition and faulty conclusions. Regardless of China’s current size or influence, there is a hierarchical foundation within this world which demands economic and military dominance before offering ...

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Benefits of Developing Integrated Global Strategies

26 Jan 2018

8 (3,187 )

“As multinationals mature, they become aware of the opportunities to be gained from integrating and creating a single strategy on a global scale.” Discuss, with reference to theories regarding economies of scale, scope and global competitiveness, drawing on real world organisation to illustrate your answer. “Clearly, a substantial challenge for multinational corporations (MNCs), in the current environment of intensified competition and rapid industry consolidation, is one ...

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Impact of Economics in Political and Social Change

26 Jan 2018

4 (1,474 )

Please use the following three reasons to explain why economics is the most important factor in the globalisation process that has been used in relation to a host of social, economic, cultural and political factors. The impact of economic globalisation in the form of the international division of labour (growth of industry in China, India, etc and the deindustrialization of sections of the so-called "developed" ...

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Impact of Economic Events on FTSE 100 Corporations

26 Jan 2018

14 (5,403 )

Current economic events and their impact on four FTSE 100 corporations  Over the course of the past eighteen months the global economic climate has suffered a severe blow resulting from the combination of the “credit crunch,” which resulted in the near collapse of the world’s financial markets followed by a global economic downturn that is pushing western economies such as the UK into a recessionary period. ...

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Government Strategies to Control Inflation

26 Jan 2018

5 (1,623 )

With reference to the UK, examine and discuss the methods open to a government to control the rate of inflation within an economy. Introduction Inflation refers to an increase in the price level of goods and services in a given economy. Since inflation is concerned with increases in the cost of living rather than increases in the cost of a particular good, it is measured using ...

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Impact of Demand and Supply Forces in the Market

26 Jan 2018

3 (1,080 )

In general, equilibrium market price is determined by where quantity demanded meets quantity supplied. This holds true for the property market in the UK, where prices are being driven by large demand for housing and an almost fixed supply of property. This larger demand of housing over existing supply has been the main factor driving UK property prices up in the last 10 years. However, these ...

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Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on Jordan

26 Jan 2018

20 (7,610 )

Chapter 1: Introduction Problem background Foreign direct investment has become the major economic driver of globalisation, accounting for over half of all cross-border investments. for example, approximately $1 trillion in greenfield investment was announced by companies in 2007, creating about 3 million jobs in their overseas subsidiaries. Companies are rapidly globalising through FDI to serve new markets and customers, map out their value chains ...

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The Future of Japan's Economy

26 Jan 2018

11 (4,282 )

Where will Japan be in 20 years? SUMMARY Long-term economic forecasting is still as difficult as ever. Typical previous long-term forecasts have proved to be on average out by as much as 33%. In the present day unsettled political and economic climate forecasting economic future of a country has become even more difficult. Japan‘s economy declined during 1998-2003 period, making the economic pundits wonder if Japan ...

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How Monetary Policy Can Influence Stock Market

26 Jan 2018

24 (9,585 )

Rakesh Kumar Nair Table of Contents (Jump to) 1.0 Introduction - Understanding Monetary Policy and Stock Market. 1.1 Monetary Policy. 1.2 Stock Markets. 1.3 Objectives and Methodology. 2.0 Literature Review. 3.0 Financial Markets Explained. 3.1 Need for Government Regulations 3.1.1 Regulations in the UK. 3.1.2 Monetary Policy and Regulations in the US. 4.0 Analysis of Interest Rates, Inflation and Stock Market. 4.1 Post – ...

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Competition of Coffee Makers: Nespresso vs Keurig

24 Jan 2018

6 (2,312 )

Laura L. Gay Abstract My paper will address the supply chain of Nespresso and its competitor Keurig to other coffee machines. Coffee is not just a drink but an addiction to some. The summary you will review provides a description of the companies along with some historical facts of interest. Specific details are provided for each companies supply chain and sustainability from products offered, ...

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Methodology for the Estimation of Cost of Load Shedding

24 Jan 2018

6 (2,239 )

CHAPTER 3 Theoretical framework A firm’s behavior in case of outages While studying the firm’s behavior in the presence of regular and constant outages we assume the firm operates in a competitive atmosphere while pursuing its major objective of profit maximization considering the size of the firm. Following can be the possible consequences: In case if power outages are considered to be somehow everlasting in ...

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Impact of Economy on Low Income Communities

24 Jan 2018

5 (1,739 )

1. Introduction This assignment is about increasing inequality and its impact on low income communities. Measurement of the distribution of income that between individuals or households, making most of the income in a given country and those making very little. I will give out the real example and real cases refer to the Malaysia. Answer the entire assignment question. Question 1 1.1Opinion According to the scenario ...

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Impact of Globalization on International Conflicts

24 Jan 2018

6 (2,100 )

Introduction Globalization is a process that relies upon strategies internationally with the aim of expanding business operations on the face of the world. This is with the help of global communications, which have been made possible due to advancements in technology, developments in the political front, socioeconomic, and the environment. Another definition to globalization is cross-border interactions being intensified and countries depending on one another. This ...

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Impact of the Appreciation of the New Zealand Dollar on SMEs

24 Jan 2018

7 (2,626 )

APPRECIATION OF NZ$: ITS IMPACT ON SME’s New Zealand has been considered as a distinguished economy. It is primarily because the economy faced the challenges of international economic depression and was victorious in the same. According to a report by Forbes in the year 2014, the country holds a strong rank among the safe-haven economies in the world. New Zealand’s economy has been a dynamic one ...

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